مقالات رزومه دکتر حسین شیروانی

Myokines are produced in response to contractions and mechanical stress caused by exercise and plays a key role in muscle regeneration or control of some diseases. The role of resistance training in the secretion of myokines has been less investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 4 weeks of resistance training on the expression of musclin, apelin and decorin genes in the soleus muscle of male Wistar rats.

The present study was experimental. Sixteen 8-week-old male Wistar rats with an average weight of 223±16.99 grams were randomly divided into 2 groups of control (n=8) and resistance training (n=8). After familiarizing the animals with the laboratory environment and resistance training on the ladder, the rats in the resistance training group trained on the ladder for 4 weeks, 3 days per week. Expression values of musclin, apelin and decorin genes of soleus muscle were measured by RT-PCR method. To analyze the data, independent t test was used at the level of p<0.05 using SPSS version 16 statistical software.

The results of this study showed that performing 4 weeks of resistance training on a regular basis can significantly increase musclin (p=0.0004), apelin (p<0.0001) and decorin (p=0.0078) in the slow-twitch soleus muscle compared to the control group.

It seems that doing resistance exercises regularly in a short period of time can significantly increase some myokines in slow-twitch muscles, which can have beneficial and preventive effects against lifestyle-related diseases.

 Increased nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling in neuroblastoma cells may represent an autocrine system to support cancer growth, invasion, and metastasis. Therefore, this research aimed to assess the simultaneous effect of aerobic exercise and nano curcumin supplementation on the expression of BDNF and NGF genes in rats with brain tumors.

 A total of 35 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to seven groups of five: healthy base control, healthy control of 4 weeks, base cancer control, four weeks of cancer control, cancer+nanocolumns, cancer+aerobic, and cancer exercise+aerobic exercise+nanocolumns. After injecting cancer cells into the mice's forehead cortex, with 80 mg/kg supplement gauges for 28 days, five days a week, enter the main aerobic exercise program on the rotating tape for four weeks, three days a week. At 18 m/min, they were 25-40 minutes. In the end, the mice were sacrificed, and data were collected.

The expression of the BDNF gene in the training+nano curcumin group was significantly decreased compared to the baseline cancer control and 4-week cancer (P<0.05). Moreover, the expression of the NGF gene in the exercise group showed a significant decrease compared to the baseline cancer control and 4-week cancer (P<0.05). Nonetheless, no significant difference was observed in the nano curcumin group and nanocurcumin +exercise (P>0.05).

It seems that aerobic exercise along with nanocurcumin can possibly increase neurogenesis in rats with brain cancer by reducing BDNF and NGF gene expression through receptors.

Physiological angiogenesis and homeostasis of blood vessels is a complex process that is regulated at a high level by the balance between positive proteins such as follistatin-like factor-1 (FSTL-1) and negative proteins such as thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1). While there is considerable evidence about the role of positive factors in angiogenesis, however, the role of negative factors is not well defined. In physiological conditions, such as resistance training as one of the effective training methods to improve cardiovascular function, the role of these factors is not properly known. The aim of this study was to investigate the response of thrombospondin-1 and follistatin-like factor-1 of heart tissue to six weeks of resistance training in obese male rats.

In an experimental study, 20 Wistar male rats were divided into two equal groups of control and experimental based on weight homogenization. The experimental group participated in a six-week training protocol with a frequency of three training sessions per week, and each session included 10 repetitions with a 90-second rest interval, climbing a resistance training ladder at a height of one meter and an 85-degree incline with a weight attached to the base of the tail (according to the maximum weight carrying capacity of each rat). 48 hours after the last training session, TSP-1 and FSTL-1 values in heart tissue were evaluated using ELISA method. In order to examine the changes between groups, independent t-test were used at a significance level of p<0.05.

The findings showed that performing six weeks of resistance training protocol in the experimental group compared to the control group caused a significant increase in FSTL-1 values (p=0.0001) and a non-significant decrease in TSP-1 values (p=0.09).

It was determined based on the results of this study that intervention of exercise for six weeks of resistance exercises can have positive effects on the development of angiogenesis process in heart tissue. Based on the findings of this study, it seems that six weeks of resistance training, despite the significant decrease in TSP-1 as an inhibitory factor in the angiogenesis process and an increase in FSTL-1 values as an angiogenesis stimulating factor, may have positive effect on improving blood supply to the heart muscle in obese subjects. The data of the present study refer to the role of resistance training in facilitating intracellular signaling pathways that modulate some inhibitory factors and stimulatory factors in heart tissue angiogenesis in obese rats.

In the article published in volume 33, issue 226, 2023, the title was published incorrectly, which is now corrected.

The phenomenon of angiogenesis in pathophysiological conditions such as obesity and physiological conditions such as exercise have different effects on the body. The aim of this investigation was to study the effect of six weeks of resistance training on Vascular endothelial growth factor and Neuron Derived Neurotrophic Factor in obese male rats. In an experimental study, 20 male wistar rats aged five weeks and weight approximately 120 to 160 grams, were divided into two equal groups, control and experimental, based on weight homogenization. The experimental group performed a training protocol for six weeks, three sessions per week, and each session includes one set of 10 repetitions with a 90-second rest interval, including of climbing a resistance training ladder at a height of one meter and an incline of 85 degrees with a weight attached to the base of the tail (with Paying attention to the maximum weight carrying capacity of each rat. 48 hours after the last training session, the rats were sacrificed and blood was taken from the heart. The values of VEGF and NDNF in the heart tissue were evaluated with ELISA method. In order to examine the changes of between groups, the independent t-test was used at a significance level of p<0.05. The results indicated that six weeks of resistance training led to a significant increase in VEGF values (p=0.0001) and a significant decrease in NDNF values (p=0.0001) in experimental group in comparison to the control group. Base on the findings of this study, it seems that resistance training can have positive effects on preventing the risk of cardiovascular diseases caused by obesity, by increasing some protective factors and reducing angiogenesis inhibitory factors.

Background &

Brain tumors are one of the deadliest malignancies that can directly affect the brain, and are often accompanied by executive function and memory disorders. The aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of endurance exercise and nano curcumin consumption on short-term memory of rats with glioblastoma multiforme brain tumor.
Materials &

In this experimental study, 35 healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups of five including: the basic healthy control group, 4-week healthy control, basic cancer control, 4-week cancer control, cancer + nano curcumin group, cancer + exercise, and cancer + practice + nano curcumin. One week after the injection of cancer cells into the frontal cortex, the animals entered the main exercise program on the treadmill (4 weeks, 18 m/min, and 3 days a week). In the end, the rats were sacrificed, the data were collected, and the results were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc statistical tests.

The results showed that endurance exercise and nano curcumin consumption significantly reduced the tumor volume in the cancer + exercise + nano curcumin group (P= 0.001), and also caused a significant increase in short-term memory in the studied groups compared to the 4-week cancer group (P= 0.001).

Probably, performing endurance exercises along with the use of nano curcumin can improve short-term memory in rats with brain tumors, in addition to reducing tumor volume.

Any abnormal growth of cells in the brain in an uncontrolled manner leads to the formation of tumor cell masses and disruption of the normal functional functions of the brain, including sensory-motor problems. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the The effectiveness of moderate-intensity continuous exercise and nanocurcumin supplementation on sensorimotor disorders in mice with brain tumors.Subjects and

35 healthy male Wistar rats randomly divided into 7 groups of 5, basal control (BC), 4-week control (4wC), basal cancer control(BT), 4-week cancer control(4wT), cancer-training (TE), cancer - Nanocurcumin (TN), Cancer-Exercise-Nanocurcumin (TEN) were divided. One week after the injection of cancer cells in the frontal cortex, the animals entered the main exercise program on the tape by performing the 6-parameter behavioral test (18 points) of Garcia and gavage of nano curcumin supplement at the rate of 80 mg/kg (28 days, 5 days a week). (4 weeks, at a speed of 18 meters per minute, 25-40 minutes and 3 days a week). At the end, rats were victim and data were collected and analyzed.

Continuous exercises with moderate intensity Simultaneously with nano-curcumin supplementation significantly reduced tumor volume in the TEN group (p≤0.05). It also led to a significant increase in behavioral testing in the study groups compared to the 4 wT group.

It seems that the combination of continuous exercises with nano curcumin can be used as a therapeutic supplement along with other methods to reduce brain tumor size and improve sensory-motor functions.

Any defect and abnormal growth in brain cells in an uncontrolled manner leads to the creation of a tumor and disruption of its normal functional capabilities. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of aerobic exercise along with nano curcumin supplementation in behavioral-motor disorders in rats with brain tumors.

A total of 35 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to seven groups of 5: basic healthy control, four weeks healthy, basic cancer control, four weeks cancer, cancer-nano curcumin, cancer-exercise, and cancer-exercise-nano curcumin groups. One week after the injection of cancer cells in the frontal cortex, the animals entered the main training program on the treadmill (4 weeks, with a speed of 18 meters per minute, 25-40 minutes, three days a week). The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 26) using the statistical test of one-way analysis of variance.

The results pointed out that behavioral-motor disorders in the training group, nano curcumin, and the training group-nano curcumin were significantly less than in the 4-week cancer control group (P=0.001).

It seems that aerobic exercise, along with a suitable dose of nano curcumin as a therapeutic supplement along with other methods, can reduce behavioral-motor disorders in cancerous rats, possibly by increasing brain blood flow, neurogenesis, and nerve synapses.

Fatty liver is one of the increasing diseases. Since changes in the gut microbiome causes fatty liver, taking probiotics may help to maintain gut microbial balance. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of probiotics consumption along with high intensity interval training (HIIT) on the ratio of liver enzymes (AST/ALT) in rats with steatosis.

In this experimental study, 40 male rats with an average weight of 200 to 250 grams were randomly divided into 5 groups of 8 (including healthy control, steatosis, HIIT+steatosis, probiotic+steatosis, HIIT+ probiotic+steatosis). They received high-fat emulsion (10 mg/kg/day) to induce steatosis. The probiotic consumption groups received 109 colonies/ml of Lactobacillus rhamnosus bacteria by gavage daily for 5 weeks and 5 days a week. The ratio of AST/ALT in the groups was compared.

The ratio of AST/ALT in the steatosis group was higher than the healthy control group. However, this ratio in steatosis+exercise+probiotic group compared to the steatosis group had the highest decrease than the other intervention groups which shows the positive effect of probiotic consumption and HIIT on improving rats with steatosis (p=0.001).

Lactobacillus rhamnosus probiotics foods consumption along with HIIT led to reduce the ratio of liver enzymes in mice with steatosis.

Continuous exercise with moderate intensity and the use of nanocurcuminsupplementation has the potential to control and reduce tumors of the central nervous system, includingglioblastoma. We assessed the simultaneous effect of moderate-intensity continuous exercises andnanocurcumin supplementation on STAT3 gene expression in mice with glioblastoma multiforme braintumors.

Subjects and Methods:

 Thirty-five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups of fiverats: basal control (BC), 4-week control (4wC), basal cancer control (BT), 4-week cancer control (4 wT),cancer+training (TE), cancer+nanocurcumin (TN), cancer+ exercise + nanocurcumin (TEN). After injectionof cancer cells in the forehead, the animals were treated with nanocurcumin by gavage at the dose of 80mg/kg for 28 days, five days a week, and started moderate-intensity continuous training on the treadmillfor four weeks, three days/weeks, 25 to 40 minutes per week at a speed of 18 m/min. Finally, and thenrats were sacrificed and data were collected.

Moderate-intensity continuous training with nanocurcumin supplementation significantly reducedtumor volume and STAT3 gene expression in the TEN group (P<0.05). But this decrease was notsignificant in the TE and TN groups.

Conclusion:

 It seems that with decreased STAT3 gene expression and brain tumor size, the combinationof moderate-intensity continuous training and nanocurcumin supplementation has a therapeutic role inthe treatment process of glioblastoma multiforme brain tumors.

Fatty liver is one of the increasing diseases in Iran and the world, and for this reason, it is necessary and useful to find a solution to treat or prevent its progress.Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of probiotic consumption and intense intermittent exercise on liver enzymes in male rats with steatosis.

In this experimental study, 40 male rats were randomly divided into 5 groups of 8 including healthy control, asetosis, exercise+steatosis, probiotic+steatosis, exercise+probiotic+steatosis. To develop fatty liver, they received high-fat emulsion at the rate of 10 mg/kg daily.consumption of probiotics;The respective groups received 109 CFU/ml of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG by gavage daily for 5 weeks and 5 days a week. Data were measured by one-way variance method and Bonferroni's post hoc test at the level of p>0.05.

The levels of AST and ALT enzymes in the probiotic group, the exercise group and the probiotic+exercise group were not significantly lower than the healthy control group,but there was a significant decrease compared to the steatosis group (p=0.001).The level of ALP enzyme in the exercise group and the probiotic+exercise group showed a significant decrease compared to the steatosis group, and the steatosis+exercise+probiotic group, although the decrease was not significant compared to the control group, but it had a significant decrease compared to the steatosis group (p= 0.001).

It seems that the combination of probiotic consumption with intense intermittent exercise has a visible effect on the reduction of liver enzymes.

The aim of this study was to discover and explain factors affecting the health-oriented sport of the Iranian Armed Forces. Sports policy-making will not be possible without a comprehensive investigation of all the effective factors and their importance.

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 elites of the Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, including 12 managers, commanders, and eight academic elites. Data were analyzed through a three-step coding based on grounded theory. Researchers sought to identify the factors influencing the sports policies of the Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran by coding in three steps (open codes, themes, and categories).

After data analysis, 1316 open codes were categorized into five primary interventions, including legal interventions (767 codes, 58.3%), social environment interventions (269 codes, 20.4%), sports interventions (162 codes, 12.3%), physical environment interventions (110 codes, 8.4%) and technological interventions (8 codes, 0.6%).

Analysis revealed that sports intervention was considered one of the independent interventions in sports policy emphasizing health because the armed forces are not a specific organization with a sports mission. Also, technological interventions were not considered one of the primary interventions in physical activity and sports-based health. It indicated that technology-based alterations are still not considered an effective intervention in Iran's armed forces culture. Generally, the factors influencing the sports policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran included legal intervention, social environment, physical and sports environment, and legal intervention affected the highest impact in comparison with other interventions.

The effect of retirement as a significant stage of a turning point in the person's life and its effect on various physiological and psychological capacities in different aspects are significant. Hence, the importance of identifying interventions in order to increase body and mental health among retirees is important. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of guided visualization and mental imagery on perceived stress, psychological well-being, and sleep quality in armed forces retirement.

The present study had a semi-experimental design and used pre-tests and post-tests. A total of 60 Armed Forces Retirement (60-70 years), were selected from among the military retirees in Tehran and were randomly assigned into two groups of 30 (experimental group: 30 men; control group: 30 men). During 12 sessions, Patients were treated 3 times weekly with guided visualization and mental imagery. Perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale [PSS]), psychological well-being (Ryff’s Psychological Well-being Scales), and quality of sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) were measured before and after the intervention.

The results of the covariance test showed a significant decrease in perceived stress (P≤0.01) in the armed forces retirement in the intervention group, as well as significantly increased psychological well-being (P≤0/01) and sleep quality (P≤0/01) in the armed forces retirement in the intervention group, but no significant difference was observed in the control group.

The results of this study supported the claim that training-guided visualization and mental imagery technique could reduce perceived stress and increased psychological well–being and sleep quality in the armed forces retirement through its effect on the coping mechanism, leading to the promotion of well-being. This study that guided visualization and mental imagery technique could prevent and control perceived stress and improve Psychological well-being and sleep quality in armed forces retirement in order to strengthen their mental health.

Achieving the optimum levels of combat readiness, its assessment and maintenance have great priority in countries' military forces. This research was carried out with the aim of assessing the combat physical fitness of the military forces army center.

In the cross-sectional descriptive study, 50 volunteers aged 27.5 years, 176.7 cm height; 73.2 kg body weight and 23.5 body mass index were selected non-randomly and intentionally as study samples and voluntarily take part in the study. After familiarization the main test session including 23-meter-two-speed movements, J-Hook scrolls, 23 meters of crawling, 69 meters causality drag, 69 meters carrying two ammunition boxes, a grenade launcher + Swedish push-up and running 600 meters accomplished. Statistical analysis of data carried out with SPSS version 24 using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, standard score).

Results showed that at the total test time and 600-meter endurance running test participants gained 3.01 min and 1.43 min respectively. In addition, subjects have a record of 17.9 seconds in carrying two ammunition boxes, 26.77 seconds in causality drag, 4.97 seconds in 23 meters and 17.56 seconds in crawling.

Based on the optimum results of the total test time, endurance running, subjects’ records in strength endurance tests. It could be concluded that in cardiovascular and muscular endurance components of combat physical fitness studied armies were in optimum levels but in other elements such as in strength endurance and speed they had suboptimum performance. It suggested that greater emphasis should be focused on strength endurance or speed training in the comprehensive planning of army physical training.

The liver is exposed to large amounts of toll-like receptor ligands due to increased bacterial growth and increased intestinal permeability in patients with fatty liver disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training and Lactobacillus Rhamnosus probiotic consumption on TLR4 and MYD88 expression in gut tissue in an animal model of non-alcoholic fatty liver.

In this experimental study, 40 rats (weighing 200-250 gr) were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups including healthy control, fatty liver, fatty liver + HIIT, fatty liver + probiotic, and fatty liver + HIIT + probiotic groups. In order to induce fatty liver, oral tetracycline 140 mg/kg/day in 2 ml of water in form of a solution was given to the rats by gavage for 7 days. HIIT exercise program performed on treadmill five sessions per week for 5 weeks. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests.
P <0.05 was considered significant.

The results showed that TLR4 gene expression was significantly lower in HIIT, probiotic, and also HIIT + probiotic groups than in the fatty liver group (p=0.001). Also, the expression of the MYD88 gene in intestinal tissue was significantly lower in HIIT, probiotic and HIIT+probiotic groups than that in the fatty liver group (p=0.001).

Expression of TLR4 and MYD88 genes in adipose tissue induced by fatty liver, can be reduced by HIIT and probiotic intake. Therefore, these interventions can be considered as a non-pharmacological strategy in the treatment of fatty liver.

Increase the health of expert human resources, especially in the field of education and research at university level are components of sustainable development in each country. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determination of the status of aerobic fitness and obesity components in the faculty of a military medical university.

Seventy-eight faculty members of a military medical university (Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences age range 34-68 years old, summer 2018) were randomly selected using Georgian and Morgan sampling method and enroll in the required tests. From body composition analyzer (BCA Model BOCAX1) to evaluate body composition and also stairs test with the McArdle method to measuring aerobic power was used.

The results of this study showed that the mean BMI of the subjects was significantly higher than 25. Mean waist to hip ratio (WHR) of subjects was significantly lower than the number of criteria 1 (That men with WHR higher than 1 and women with WHR higher than 0.8). The mean of body fat percentage (PBF) was significantly higher than the 20 criterion. The maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) of the subjects was significantly lower than the 45 (P = 0.001). Pearson correlation also showed that between VO2max with BMI (r = -0.338, P = 0.003), WHR (r = - 0.513, P = 0.001) and PBF (r = -0.709, P = 0.001). There was a significant and inverse relationship between the faculty staff of faculty of a military medical university.

Considering the significant correlation between the results of this study, it seems that BMI, WHR and PBF can be used to estimate VO2max and to determine the aerobic fitness of the subjects. Therefore, high body composition factors (weight, BFM and FFM) in the present study may indicate a low level of aerobic fitness and VO2max of subjects, which predicts a high risk of various cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The reason for this is probably the lack of regular physical activity in the daily schedule of the faculty of a military medical university due to the high occupational problem and inappropriate food composition. Therefore, the use of aerobic and resistance training with a low-calorie and high-quality diet is recommended.

Due to the increasing number of Armed Forces Retirement and an increase in the number of cases of sleep disorder by age, sleep disorder is a common problem in the Armed Forces Retirement. For Armed Forces Retirement, the disease and its treatment can have long-term negative effects on their Relaxation Deepening and sleep Quality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Rhythmic Neural, Musculoskeletal Exercises on the Relaxation Deepening and sleep Quality in the Armed Forces Retirement.

The present study had a semi-experimental design and used pre-tests and post-tests. A total of 60 Armed Forces Retirement (60-70 years), were randomly assigned into two groups of 30 (experimental group: 30 men; control group: 30 men). During 12 sessions, Patients were treated 3 times weekly with Rhythmic Neural, Musculoskeletal Exercises. Heart rate, blood pressure, hands grip strength, flexibility, Berg balance scale, quality of sleep were measured before and after the exercise program.

The results of covariance test showed that some of physiological factors such as heart rate, blood pressure, balance scales and flexibility and the quality of sleep subscales Improved after Practice sessions in Armed Forces Retirement. But Hands grip strength were not significantly improved in experimental compared with control group (P-value <0.05).

The findings indicated that application of rhythmic neural, musculoskeletal exercises can improve some of physiological factors and quality of sleep in the Armed Forces Retirement.

The widespread outbreak of coronavirus (COVID-19) worldwide has raised concerns about physical activity and exercise. A review of research on physical training and viral infections shows that regular, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (65-80% VO2max) increases antibody titers, lymphocyte proliferation, gamma interferon, immunoglobulin M, G, and natural killer cells production. It modulates the levels of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and T cell-mediated immune response to the influenza virus. That is also associated with stronger and longstanding antibody responses to influenza vaccination in adults. Based on the available evidence and similarity of some of the signs and/or symptoms of Covid-19 to the H1N1 virus, it may be recommended for exercise during the outbreak. Firstly, it is reasonable to restrict heavy exercise at this stage, as the open window hypothesis may increase the susceptibility to infection. Secondly, healthy or asymptomatic individuals can exercise moderately with hygiene guidelines and benefit from improved immune function according to the J-shaped model. Third, people with mild upper respiratory tract symptoms (e.g., runny nose, sinus congestion, mild sore throat) can exercise lightly with precautions. Finally, one suspected of Covid-19 symptoms (e.g., fever, cough, severe sore throat, myalgia, shortness of breath, general fatigue) should avoid exercise.