دکتر علی عباسی

E-learning as a form of self-learning, is a phenomenon of the modern world which has been born in the age of information and knowledge-based society. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of educational software designed about scrub and circulate performance in the operating room on operating room student's in learning practical skills.
In this quasi-experimental study, 60 operating room students of the first semester in Shahroud University of medical sciences in 2012 and 2013, were recruited through simple random sampling and they divided into two groups including control group by using traditional training and intervention group using traditional education plus software, effectiveness of educational software was evaluated through practical test using check list. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and inductive, descriptive statistics and paired t-test and t-test.
Results showed the first practical test (pre-intervention) mean scores in the intervention and control groups showed no significant difference. But in the second practical exam mean scores (post-intervention) were significantly different in the intervention group (P=0/002).
This study showed that using educational software not only is effective in students learning but also raise their confidence in the practical exam.

Head traumatic injuries are the major cause of disability and death in traumatic patients. The estimation of patient’s prognosis after head trauma immediately can be the base of correct clinical decisions in the future, saving cost, early rehabilitation and in final increasing patient’s satisfaction. This study was aimed to investigate the prognosis of head traumatic patients who referred to the emergency wards of 5thAzar educative and therapeutic center with madras predictive scale. This is a descriptive correlational study. 117 trauma patients who admitted to the emergency ward in 5th Azar educative and therapeutic center in Gorgan were selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected by demographics checklist, Madras Head Injury Prognostic Scale (MHIPS) and Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA, Chi-square, Pearson correlation coefficient and independent t-test with SPSS software. The mean and standard deviation score of patients’ age was 32.51±1.54. According to MHIPS, prognosis of the most patients was good (54.7%). Patients with intracranial lesions and fractures of the skull had a poorer prognosis, and this difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). There was a direct significant correlation between the madras head injury prognostic scale scores in the early admission and final head trauma outcome based on GOS (P<0.001, r=0.668). According to the present study, MHIPS in comparison with other measures that used in this field is exact, and faster. Moreover, it is more practical and a simple scale. Therefore, it is recommended further research with the aim of its application in triage of patients in the emergency ward.

Cancer is one of the most common chronic diseases whose caregivers are confronted with related problems to caring and treating the cancer patients. Caregiver burden، which is resulted from the negative impact of living with the cancer patient along with inappropriate use of coping strategies، which could lead to rejection diagnosis، can be accounted as the reasons of why the treatment and health would be impaired. The present study was aimed to determine the relationship between caregiver burden and coping strategies of caregivers of cancer patients. In this cross-sectional study، 133 caregivers of cancer patients who referred to Gorgon''s 5th Azar Educative and Therapeutic Center were selected via Census sampling method. Data were gathered by three-part questionnaire، including demographics checklist، caregiver burden and coping strategies questionnaire. In order to analyze the collected data، SPSS V. 16 software with descriptive statistics was applied; also، the analysis of variance and logistic regression were conducted. In addition، statistical significance was defined as p< 0. 05. mean and standard deviation of caregivers'' age was 35. 73±14. 31. And، 50. 4% of all the participants were male. Based on the results taken from multivariate model of logistic regression، high care demand (OR=0. 403، %95 CI: 0. 227 - 0. 714) and higher rate of emotional coping strategies use (OR=1. 09، %95CI: 1. 04 - 1. 15) have significant correlation with caregiver burden. Caregivers who have less caregiver burden are those who use problem-focused coping strategies methods more. Therefore، to reduce the caregiver burden of caregivers، appropriate methods of coping strategies should be taught to the caregivers.

Pruritus is one of the most disabling complications in patients with chronic renal failure that have negative effect on patients’ quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of the uremic pruritus and its associated factors in hemodialysis patients referred to the dialysis centers in Golestan Province. In this cross-sectional study, all 375 patients referred to eight dialysis centers in Golestan Province were selected via census sampling method. Data were gathered by using demogeraphic and Yosipovitch pruritus questionnaires. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software through conducting t and chi square tests. The mean ± standard deviation of patient's age was 48.36 ± 13.27 years and 51.2% of patients were male. One hundred and eighty one (48.3%) patients had uremic pruritus. The lowest and highest frequency of pruritus among surveyed centers were 37.9% and 57.1%, respectively. 60.2 % of patients had localized pruritus and the most common location was back (68.8 %). There was a statistically significant correlation between uremic pruritus with number of dialysis session (P<0.001) and serum level of phosphorus (P<0.001). The results indicated that uremic pruritus is still one of the most common problems in hemodialysis patients. Therefore it seems necessary providing ways to eliminating or reducing the problem.

Caregivers of chronic renal failure are faced with Hemodialysis related problems and coping with caring responsibilities.The Caregiver Burden is The negative effect of living with these patients. The aim of this study was to determine The Burden on Cargivers from Hemodialysis Patients and related factors.¬ In this descriptive and analytical study, 120 Caregivers of chronic renal failure¬ patients treated by Hemodialysis Gorgon's Panje Hospital were selected via census method. The construment was a demographics chek list and Caregiver Burden scale. We did Data analysis by spss software with, independent T-test, oneway, pearson and spearman test (p< 0.05). The majority of Caregivers (74.2%) have severe Burden. There is a direct significant correlation between total Burden and the duration,of discase and revers significant correlation between total Burden and the ability to perform patients daily life activities¬¬(p< 0.05).The caregivers with a disease endure the heavier Burden (p< 0.05). The caregivers with poor economic condition and Caregivers of with high dependency patients bear more Burdens (p< 0.05). ¬ According to the findings, because of high Burden on Caregivers, we recommend that designing some plans to be designed to for improve the coping strategies and control of the factors affected on Caregiver Burden to promote their health.

Dyspnoea and fatigue caused considerable impairment in the functional performance and quality of life in HF patients. The purpose of this study were to determine efficacy of home walking exercise program on functional performance and quality of life in patients with heart failure. This study was qusiexperimental trial that assessed efficacy of home-based exercise program on the functional performance and quality of life in patients with HF in the Ahvaz city (2005). In this study 60 patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II and III heart failure divided two groups training (n=30) and control (n=30). Material or measurements was demographic characteristics form, Minnesota quality of life check list and timed exercise program form. Exercise training in the patients would be performed tree day per week for 8 weeks. Determination quality of life measures by Minnesota check list would be performed in both the training and control groups at entry and after 8 weeks. Also 6 minute walking tests for determination functional performance would be performed in both groups at entry and after 8 weeks. Ultimately data analysis by SPSS softward. results showed that significant difference existed between mean walking distance on the 6MWT at entry and after 8 weeks in the training group (373.86 to 412.30 m, P<0.05), that no significance was seen between control group (376.79 to 377.63 m). Also significant difference exists between mean quality of life scores at entry and after 8 weeks in the training group (52.32 to 43.80), that no significance was seen between control group (52.43 to 52.50). This study showed that home-based exercise program affected on functional performance and quality of life in HF patients. Its accepted. Therefore exercise training can be used as a therapeutic approach in these patients, because not only promotes quality of life but also improve the functional performance.