مهناز مرامی

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of spiritual intelligence and resilienc training on the employees' counterproductive behaviors The research method was a pre-testpost-test with control group. The statistical population consisted of all employees of the manufacturing departments of employees of Ferro Guilan Complex Out of 255 people, 60 people who got the highest score in counterproductive behaviors were randomly divided into three groups (20 spiritual intelligence training, 20 resilienc training and 20 people control). The research instrument was the counterproductive behaviors questionnaire (Fox and Spector, 2002). The subjects of the three groups responded in two stages: pre-test and post-test. The experimental groups participated in interventional sessions based on spiritual intelligence and resilience training programs (8 sessions). To analyze the data, multivariate analysis of covariance analysis and bonferrin test were used to compare the difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of the experimental and control groups. The findings indicated that spiritual intelligence and resilience training programs had an effective effect on employees' counterproductive behaviors (p≤0.001). The results showed that the effect of the resilience curriculum on reducing the employees' counterproductive behaviors was higher than the spiritual intelligence training program (p≤0.001). According to the findings of this research, it is concluded that managers and industry owners use educational programs for spiritual intelligence and resilience in order to compete in the production market and increase organizational productivity.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of spiritual intelligence and resiliency training programs on the psychological empowerment of Guilan Steel employees. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest-follow up and a control group. Of the 600 staff who were interested in collaborating on the study, 250 were available through sampling. Sixty subjects with the lowest scores on the Psychological Empowerment Questionnaire were selected and randomly assigned into three groups (two experimental and one control group each 20). The research instrument consisted of  Psychological Empowerment Questionnaire (Spritzer). The subjects in the three groups responded to this instrument as pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. The experimental groups received eight sessions of 90-minute intervention on spiritual intelligence and resiliency training, but the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed using nonparametric statistical methods of Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-square, and Mann-Whitney U Test. The findings showed that the psychological empowerment of the staff in the experimental groups was higher than the control group (in the post-test and follow-up). In addition, the results showed that the effect of the resiliency training program on enhancing employees' psychological empowerment was significantly more as compared to the effect of spiritual intelligence training. Therefore, managers and industry owners can use cognitive and resilience training programs as a complementary package to compete in the production market and to increase organizational productivity.