مقالات رزومه محمود شیرازی

The purpose of this study was to compare time pressure and job-related anxiety in employees with high job burnout and low job burnout in social security organizations. The current research was applied in terms of purpose and causal-comparative in terms of method. The research population consisted of all the male and female employees working in the social security organization of Tehran in 2019-2020, from which 50 employees with high burnout and 50 employees with low burnout were selected as samples purposefully. The tools of the current research included the job burnout questionnaire of Moslesh et al. (MBI, 1981) and the job stress questionnaire of Parker et al. (MPS, 1983). The research data was analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The findings showed that there is a significant difference between the comparison of time pressure and job-related anxiety in employees with high job burnout and employees with low job burnout (P<0.05); So the size of the effect indicates that about 58.7% of the changes in time pressure and 57% of the changes in job-related anxiety among social security organization employees are influenced by the "level of job burnout" in them. From the above findings, it can be concluded that job burnout is effective in increasing time pressure and job-related anxiety among Social Security organization employees.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Yoga training on aggression of students with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

The research method was semi-experimental, pre-test/post-test and two-month follow-up with the control groups. Statistical population of 60 male students 7-12 years old in Zahedan, who were referred to Counseling Centers in 2018-19 academic years and using the questionnaire of Children Symptom Inventory, Gado and Sprafkin1994؛ were screened. 40students with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder who had high levels of aggression at the same time, after reviewing clinical interviews, selected by purposive sampling method  and randomly replaced into two experimental groups (20 students) and control group (20 students). The Bass & Perry Aggression Questionnaire (1992) and Yoga Training Program were taught to the experimental group for 16 sessions of 45 minutes in 8 weeks. Data were analyzed using mixed variance analysis with repeated measurements.

Results indicated that the effect of yoga training on general aggression (F = 21/24, P = 0.001), physical aggression (F = 13/70, P = 0.001), verbal aggression (F = 10.41, P = 0.001), Anger (F = 7.86, P = 0.008), and hostility (F = 5.43, P = 0.026) at the posttest stage, and this effect was sustained at follow-up.

The results showed the effect of yoga education on reducing aggression in patients with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. As a result, planning  to use yoga is essential in children, and therapists can use yoga to reduce aggression in children.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of neurofeedback (NF) and transcranial direct electrical stimulation (tDCS) on reducing the level of depression, anxiety and stress of patients referred to comprehensive health service centers in Zahedan.

The research design was pre-test-post-test with test groups (transcranial direct electrical stimulation (tDCS) and neurofeedback (NF)) and control group. The statistical population consisted of all patients with three disorders of depression, anxiety, and stress who referred to mental health experts in comprehensive health service centers in Zahedan city, from which a sample of 45 people was selected by simple random sampling method, so 30 people in the groups In the experiment, the first intervention group received 10 sessions of transcranial direct electrical stimulation (tDCS), the second group received 12 sessions of neurofeedback (NF), while 15 people in the control group were not given any training. After completing the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) questionnaire, data was collected and then analyzed using SPSS version 23 software.

The results of the multivariate covariance analysis showed that the average scores of depression, anxiety and stress between the pre- and post-test scores of the treatment groups were significantly reduced. The results of Tukey's post hoc test showed that transcranial direct electrical stimulation (TDCS) is lower than neurofeedback (NF) in reducing depression, anxiety and stress

 Adolescence is considered one of the most critical periods of life. Due to the rapid technological, cultural, and social changes in today's societies, adolescence is associated with many physical, psychological, and social problems for several adolescents and is the basis of many risky behaviors and social harms caused by it this period in adolescents. Is placed Changes in this period of growth may cause certain problems. When adolescents cannot successfully overcome developmental crises and challenges, they will experience psychological distress and significant disruption in the normal flow of daily life and emotional, social, and cognitive aspects. One of the subjects investigated in this course is the occurrence of high-risk behaviors such as self-harm and self-mutilation. Self-mutilation is an intentional, impulsive, non-lethal act that causes injury to a person's body. Self-mutilation refers to localized and conscious self-destruction, which is caused by the inability to tolerate the aggressive impulses internalized by a person, to punish himself or others. Approximately 1% of the population uses self-harm during their lifetime to cope with a crippling situation or feeling. Self-harm makes people imperfect. It is difficult to understand this behavioral phenomenon and it occurs in a very simple way or in an emotional situation where a person is under pressure. The overall prevalence of narcissism in the general population is 4% and in clinical samples, it is 21%, which is 3 times higher in men than in women. It begins in early adolescence and can be the first manifestation of a severe mental illness. Regarding self-mutilation behavior, several models have been proposed. One model is the self-regulation model, which considers self-mutilation as a compensatory measure to relieve anger, anxiety, or emotional distress. They have unpleasant tension and by harming themselves, they reduce this unpleasant feeling in themselves. The therapeutic approach of acceptance and commitment is a new therapeutic approach and uses the processes of acceptance, mental focus, commitment, and behavior change processes to create psychological flexibility. According to the mentioned materials and the study of the background of the research conducted in the field of this topic, it can be said that the treatment method based on acceptance and commitment can have a positive effect on regulating emotions and reducing aggressive behavior of people, and also there is a gap of studies in This field is the researcher's motivation for the research to investigate this situation more closely. Finally, the contents of this research, it is an attempt to answer the basic question of whether treatment based on acceptance and commitment reduces emotion regulation, aggressive behavior, and self-mutilation. Does it affect students?

The research method was quasi-experimental and the statistical population included teenage students with self-mutilation who were referred to the school counseling core and were referred to the emergency room of Zahedan city hospital in 1400. The sampling method was simply random, which included 40 people in three groups (20 people with acceptance and commitment therapy and 20 people as a control group). The research tools included the cognitive regulation of emotion questionnaires of Granfsky et al. (2003), aggression AGQ, and self-injury (SHI)). The experimental group received the intervention treatment method based on acceptance and commitment using cognitive behavioral therapy techniques in 8 one-and-a-half-hour sessions based on Bond and Hayes's (2004) treatment package. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software with multivariate analysis of covariance tests.

The results showed that the therapy training program based on acceptance and commitment had a significant effect on improving emotion regulation and reducing aggressive and self-harming behavior of students.

In explaining this finding, it can be stated that treatment based on acceptance and commitment, unlike most treatments, does not seek to change the content of thought. For example, cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety disorders seeks to help clients reduce their distress by changing cognitive and behavioral responses to anxiety. In fact, cognitive-behavioral therapy enables clients to create a new communication network of compatible thoughts and behaviors that compete with incompatible networks and memories and eliminate them. To achieve this goal, cognitive-behavioral therapy includes these components: training on the nature of fear and anxiety, reviewing signs and symptoms, training on body relaxation and correct breathing, cognitive reconstruction, behavioral tests, and imaginary exposure. And alive with mental images, bodily sensations, and situations, preventing responses. In cognitive reconstruction, clients learn to challenge the validity of anxiety-inducing thoughts, identify the cognitive errors that these thoughts reflect, and create alternative thoughts for them. Behavioral experiments directly challenge anxiety-based predictions. It helps clients approach the feared stimulus and see if their expected consequences occur. Response prevention confronts clients with the stimulus and anxiety-causing contexts, and at the same time prevents anxiety-reducing behaviors and avoidance behaviors. But treatment based on acceptance and commitment is a behavioral treatment that uses the skills of mindfulness, acceptance, and cognitive dissonance to increase psychological flexibility. In therapy based on acceptance and commitment, psychological flexibility means increasing the client's ability to connect with their experience in the present and choose to act in a way that is appropriate based on what is possible for them at that moment. With their chosen values, establishing this situation can have a positive effect on regulating people's emotions. In the alternative explanation, the treatment is based on acceptance and commitment to cognitive reconstruction, acceptance of symptoms, and control of behavior. Acceptance in therapy based on acceptance and commitment is defined as: "Accepting an event or situation and letting go of the dysfunctional symptom control program and an active process of feeling emotions as emotions, thinking thoughts as thoughts, and so on. Acceptance should not be confused with tolerance or submission. Both of these are passive and imperative. In fact, acceptance means being aware of inner experiences (thoughts, feelings, memories, and physical symptoms) and actively accepting them, without taking action to reduce them and without taking action based on their verbal aspect, in treatment based on acceptance and commitment to control and Avoidance is a context in which experiencing an internal event in this context can be traumatic. Therefore, instead of focusing on changing that internal event, the Acceptance and Commitment Therapy therapist seeks to change this context. By changing this context and turning it into a context of acceptance, any internal event can be experienced without being traumatic. And by changing this context, the goal of functional Contextualism, i.e. predicting behavior and influencing behavior, is realized.

Identifying the factors affecting covid - 19 anxiety and coping strategies can help reduce it. Therefore, the present study was conducted to examine the role of mindfulness and spiritual experiences in predicting covid - 19 anxiety in students .

Methods :

This is descriptive - correlational study. The statistical population of the study included all male and female undergraduate students of Farhangian University of Qazvin in the academic year 2020 - 2021, out of whom 269 were selected by convenience sampling method. The participants completed Chadwick et al.’s Mindfulness Questionnaire, Andrew's Spiritual Experiences Questionnaire and Alipour et al.’s C ovid - 19 Fear and Anxiety Questionnaire. Pea rson’s correlation and multiple regression were used to analyze the d ata. In this study, all ethical considerations were observed and the authors of the article reported no conflict of interests .

The res ults showed a direct and significant relationship between mindfulness (r= - 5.541) and spiritual experiences (r= - 0.605) and covid - 19 anxiety (P<0.01). The results also showed that the components of mindfulness explain 30.6% and the components of spiritual ex periences explain 37.5% of the variance in covid - 19 anxiety .

Based on the findings, it is recommended to develop and promote certain programs for strengthening mindfulness and spiritual experiences to reduce covid - 19 anxiety in students .

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between stress coping styles and causal attribution with academic achievement of Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences students. The research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population of this study was all students of Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences in the academic year 2020-2021 in the number of 1008 people, of which according to Cochran's formula (119 girls and 113 boys) by snowball sampling method. Were selected and answered the questionnaire of coping styles of stressful situations Andler and Parker (1990) and the questionnaire of documentary style of Peterson et al. (1982). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. The results of data analysis showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between problem-oriented style and positive attribution style with academic achievement and a negative and significant relationship between emotion-oriented, avoidance style and negative attribution style with academic achievement (P <0.05). In addition, the results showed that positive and negative documents played a predictive role in students' academic achievement; And with the change of student achievement attribution styles, the coping styles also did not play a predictive role in students' academic achievement. Therefore, the results of this study indicate the importance of causal documents in predicting and increasing academic achievement and show the need for the attention of relevant university officials in teaching internal, stable and general causal documents to students in positive situations. Instructors benefit from a variety of educational strategies for presenting material, and active learning occurs in students, which leads to academic achievement in students.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of direct electrical and cranial stimulation (tDCS) and verbal neural programming (NLP) on reducing depression, anxiety and stress in women referred to Zahedan Comprehensive Health Services.

The research design was pretest-posttest with experimental groups (direct electrical stimulation of the cranial vein (tDCS) and verbal neural programming (NLP)) and the control group. The statistical population was all women with three disorders of depression, anxiety and stress referred to mental health experts of comprehensive health service centers in Zahedan. Among them, a sample of 45 people was selected by simple random sampling method. The first group received 10 sessions of direct electrical stimulation and cranial stimulation (tDCS) treatment. The second group underwent 8 weeks of verbal neural programming (NLP), while 15 subjects in the control group were not given any training. After completing the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) questionnaire, data were collected and then analyzed using SPSS software version 23.

The results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed that the mean scores of depression, anxiety and stress between the pre- and post-test scores of the treatment groups decreased significantly. The results of Tukey post hoc test showed that the mean of direct electrical cranial vera stimulation (TDCS) was lower than verbal neural programming (NLP) in reducing depression, anxiety and stress.

Job issues are one of the most important and fundamental issues in today's society. The expansion of urbanization, the development of industry, globalization, economic competition, and factors like them have made employment a fundamental issue in human life today. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of group training based on acceptance and commitment to burnout and job motivation of Social Security employees. The present research is applied research in terms of purpose and quasi-experimental in terms of the method with a pre-test-post-test design and control group. The study population consisted of all male and female employees working in the Social Security Organization of Tehran in 2021- 2022, of which 60 people were randomly selected by cluster random sampling in two experimental and control groups (30 companies in each group). کردننده). The instruments of the present study included the Maslash et al. (MBI) burnout questionnaire (MBI) (1981) and the Hackman Aldham job motivation questionnaire (MPS) (1975). Acceptance and commitment training intervention was performed in 9 sessions of 90 minutes once a week, But the control group did not receive any intervention. The research data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance. Findings showed that acceptance and commitment training is effective on burnout and academic motivation (P <0.05). From the above findings, it can be concluded that group training based on acceptance and commitment is effective in reducing burnout and increasing job motivation of Social Security employees.

Family health is affected by the quality of the spouse's relationship. The communication patterns are among the important criteria of this relationship and facilitate improvement of mental health of the couples. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the predictive role of communication patterns in marital distress and instability.

The research method of the present study was descriptive-analytical of predictive correlation type. The statistical population of the study included all couples referred to the Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic of Ali-Ibn-Abi-Talib Infertility Center in Zahedan, Iran. In this research, 60 infertile women were selected randomly using available sampling method. Data analysis was done using spss software version 24.

The obtained results showed that the three variables of communication pattern, instability, and discouragement had means of 1.83, 1.82, and 2.00 and standard deviations of 0.717, 0.792, and 0.803, respectively.

The results of the study indicated that the expectation/withdrawal style related to the variable of communication patterns has a predictive role in marital distress and marital instability of the couples. It is also clear from the results of the research that the marital instability alone or together with the interaction styles of the couples could play a role in marital distress of the couples.

Due to the cultural context of society, women suffer more than men after divorce. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Ellis emotional emotional therapy on psychological well-being, resilience of women on the verge of divorce in Zahedan.

The statistical population of the study is all women who refer to the court of Zahedan for divorce. The statistical sample of the study was 30 people who were selected by convenience sampling and randomly divided into two groups of 15 experimental and control. The research instruments were Reef (1989), Connor and Davidson (2003) Psychological Welfare Questionnaire. From Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mbox, Levin tests, multivariate analysis of covariance was performed using SPSS software version 25.

The results showed that Ellis emotionally rational therapy focuses on the components of psychological well-being (self-acceptance, positive relationships with others, autonomy, environmental control, purposeful life and personal growth) and resilience (spirituality in individuals, control, tolerance of negative emotions, trust in Personal instincts (competence) has been the most influential on the individual competence and self-acceptance components.

It seems that Ellis emotionally rational treatment affects all components of psychological well-being and resilience of women in the divorce province of Zahedan.

Behavioral incompatibility of students is currently one of the concerns of the educational system. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of commitment-based treatment and acceptance on academic procrastination and behavioral maladaptation of students with test anxiety.

The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all seventh-grade male students in the District 2 of Kerman in the academic year 2019. Thirty students were selected as the research sample and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (15 in each group). First, Sinha and Singh’s Behavioral Adjustment Questionnaire and Solomon and Rothblum’s Academic Procrastination Questionnaire were administered as a pretest in both groups. Then, the treatment based on acceptance and commitment was performed in the experimental group for 2 months. The control group did not receive any treatment. Data were analyzed using MANCOVA.

The mean (standard deviation) of academic procrastination in the pre-test stage was 77.39 (5.74) in the experimental group and 76.79 (5.66) in the control group, and in the post-test stage it was 54.82 (5.12) in the experimental group and 74.25 (6.94) in the control group (p<0.001). Also the mean (standard deviation) of behavioral incompatibility in the pre-test stage was 48.15 (7.04) in the experimental group and 49.12 (6.37) in the control group, and in the post-test stage it was 35.87 (5.12) in the experimental group and 48.29 (6.61) in the control group (p<0.001).

Considering the effectiveness of commitment and acceptance therapy, it is recommended to be used to improve and reduce academic procrastination and behavioral maladaptation of students with test anxiety.

Chronic mental illness is characterized by recurrent symptoms and episodes that severely affects a person's functioning and causes cultural, emotional, economic, social, and family damages. Happiness includes positive feelings and general satisfaction with one's life and others in family, profession, and society. Good feeling refers to accepting the person's values, knowing, and expressing emotions such as anger, apprehension, fear, and pleasure. However, mentally ill people have difficulty experiencing happiness and good feeling. Positive psychology is a new development in contemporary psychology introduced by Seligman with a positive view of human nature and its virtues and abilities. This approach was developed to help people improve their quality of life by increasing their mental happiness. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of positive psychology intervention on the happiness and good feeling of patients with chronic mental illnesses.

This quasi–experimental study used a pretest–posttest and one–month follow–up design with a control group. Positive psychology intervention was considered the independent variable, and happiness and good feeling were dependent variables. The statistical population includes all chronic psychiatric female patients of Mehrana Boarding Center in Zahedan City, Iran, in 2020 and 2021. Of whom, 30 women (15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group) were selected by the available sampling method as the study sample. The inclusion criteria were aged between 18 and 60 years with a minimum of literacy, focus, and motivation. The study instruments included the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (Hill & Argyle, 2002) and the Good Feeling Questionnaire (Taghizadeh & Amir Ardejaei, 2017). The positive psychological intervention was held for the experimental group in 8 sessions (1.5–h session) for 3 weeks. The control group received no intervention. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test) were used to analyze the obtained data in SPSS software version 21. The significance level of all tests was considered 0.05.

The results showed that the effect of time (within the group) was significant for the variables of happiness (p=0.022) and good feeling (p=0.010) in the three evaluation stages. The effect of time and group interaction was significant for the variables of happiness (p<0.001) and good feeling (p<0.001). The effect of the group was significant for the variables of happiness (p=0.042) and good feeling (p<0.001). There was also a significant difference between the means of pretest and posttest scores (p<0.001) and pretest and follow–up scores (p<0.001) for happiness and good feeling variables. Also, there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the happiness and good feeling variables in the posttest and follow–up (p<0.001), indicating the stability of the intervention effect in the follow–up stage.

According to the present study results, the positive psychological intervention increases happiness and good feeling in female patients with chronic mental illnesses. Therefore, positive intervention can be used as part of empowerment programs for patients with chronic mental illnesses.

Obsessive–compulsive disorder is one of the most common mental disorders that affects all aspects of life, including academic performance. One of the concepts that can play an essential role in the treatment of the obsessive–compulsive disorder is self–efficacy. Academic self–efficacy is part of the belief in general self–efficacy, which refers to the ability of individuals to perform activities to achieve educational goals. One of the most important and effective factors for disease control is self–efficacy. By increasing self–efficacy, people adapt better to their illnesses, and this adaptation reduces stress and psychological abnormalities. Various approaches and treatments have been proposed for treating obsessive–compulsive disorder and its associated disorders. Cognitive–behavioral therapy is one of these therapies. Given the prevalence of obsessive–compulsive disorder and its negative psychological consequences, such as reduced self–efficacy, it is necessary to plan for intervention to prevent its reduction. So, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive–behavioral therapy on academic self–efficacy and its components in students with obsessive–compulsive disorder.

This quasi–experimental study has a pretest–posttest design with a control group. The study population consisted of all female students studying in secondary high schools in Zahedan City, Iran, in the academic year 2020–2021 who were suffering from obsessive–compulsive disorder according to the cut–off criterion of the Maudsley Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder Inventory (Hodgson & Rachman, 1977). Out of them, a sample of 30 students with obsessive–compulsive disorder was randomly selected by the available sampling method (15 students in the experimental group and 15 in the control group). The samples were according to the criterion of practical obsessive–compulsive disorder score (above the cut–off point of 20) on the Maudsley Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder Inventory (Hodgson & Rachman, 1977). The inventory was prepared online by Google software and WhatsApp and were distributed among students. The inclusion criteria included obtaining a score higher than 20 in Madsley Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder Inventory (Hodgson & Rachman, 1977), being 15 to 18 years old, studying in the secondary high school, providing informed consent, and having a favorable physical and mental condition to participate. The exclusion criteria were no concomitant illness, failure to receive psychological medication during the past month or during the study, and lack of interest in participating in the study. In this study, the participants of the two groups completed Academic Self–Efficacy Questionnaire (Jinks & Morgan, 1999) in the pretest and posttest. The subjects in the experimental group received cognitive–behavioral therapy in eight 60–min sessions once a week. However, for the control group, no intervention was presented. The research data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance) in SPSS software version 16 . The significance level of statistical tests was considered 0.05.

The results showed that after adjusting the pretest scores, there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the control and experimental groups in the academic self–efficacy (p<0.001) and its subscales of talent (p<0.001), effort (p<0.001), and context (p<0.001). The effect of cognitive–behavioral therapy on the increase of talent subscale was 86%, effort 90%, context %92, and academic self–efficacy %92.

Based on the effectiveness of cognitive–behavioral therapy on promoting academic self–efficacy and its subscales of talent, effort, and context, counseling centers and schools are recommended to use this training to improve academic self–efficacy in students with obsessive–compulsive disorder.

One of the most common menstrual disorders is premenstrual syndrome. Premenstrual symptoms are recurrences of periods of physical, psychological, or behavioral symptoms that appear after ovulation and resolve within a few days of the onset of menstruation (the first week of the follicular phase). One of the significant problems with premenstrual symptoms is mood swings that affect women's feelings about themselves, the world in which they live, and those who interact with them. In this regard, depression is one of the major problems in women with premenstrual syndrome. The premenstrual syndrome includes a wide range of emotional, mood, and physical changes, leading to a decline in the quality of the marital relationship and, as a result, marital dissatisfaction among women with this syndrome. New non–pharmacological treatments include acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT). This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of treatment of acceptance and commitment on depression and the quality of the marital relationship of women with premenstrual syndrome.

The present research method was quasi–experimental with a pretest–posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included all women with premenstrual syndrome referred to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic of Razavi Hospital in Mashhad City, Iran, from September 2018 to February 2019 for 6 months. Among them, 30 eligible candidates were selected by the available sampling method and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The inclusion criteria were as follows: meeting the diagnostic criteria of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) based on the conditions mentioned in the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (Steiner et al., 2003), not receiving medical or psychological treatments, being married, being between 20 and 45 years old, having education more than junior high school, not suffering from physical and mental diseases, and having a regular menstrual cycle for the past six months. The exclusion criteria were non–cooperation during the research and absence from therapy sessions. The experimental group was trained in 8 one–hour ACT sessions, but the control group did not receive any training. The groups completed the Beck Depression Inventory–II (Beck et al., 1996) and Marital Relationship Quality Scale (Rust et al., 1990) in the pretest and posttest. Data analysis was done in SPSS version 24 using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation). Also, at the level of inferential statistics, univariate covariance analysis was used. The Chi–square test was used to compare the age distribution of the two groups. The significance level of the tests was considered 0.05.

The results showed that the depression scores of women with premenstrual symptoms after ACT significantly decreased in the experimental group compared to the control group (p<0.001). Also, ACT increased the quality of the marital relationship of women with premenstrual syndrome (p<0.001).

Based on the research results, counselors and therapists can use ACT as a complementary treatment to reduce depression and increase the quality of the marital relationship.

Diabetes is one of the most common chronic metabolic diseases characterized by abnormalities in carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism. The most common symptoms are glucose intolerance or hyperglycemia, which causes short– and long–term complications of diabetes. Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by insulin deficiency and secretion. Diabetes consists of two types, type 2 and type 1. In type 2 diabetes or non–insulin dependent diabetes, the produced insulin by the pancreas does not work well. Diabetes occurs when the pancreas does not release enough insulin or the secreted insulin does not work properly. Reports indicate an increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in developing countries by 4%. The disease alone caused 4.9 million deaths worldwide in 2014, and it is estimated that by the year 2030, Iran will become one of the most populous countries in the world in terms of diabetes. In the etiology of type 2 diabetes, the role of environmental factors is prominent. Studies have shown that complications are common in these patients, especially long–term complications such as cardiac, ophthalmic, and renal, as well as psychological problems in personal, family, and social relationships. Treating all these problems has a high cost, both directly and indirectly, for the patients and the government. Among the most important complications are psychological disorders (anxiety and depression) that negatively affect the patient's ability to perform and maintain recommended medical care. On the one hand, the psychological problems of chronic diseases, including diabetes, which are often overlooked, highlight the need for more attention to appropriate treatment. One of the treatments is Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). This therapy belongs to the third wave of cognitive–behavioral therapies that enhances one's psychological well–being rather than changing cognitions. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of ACT on anxiety, depression, and blood lipid profile of patients with type 2 diabetes.

This study was a quasi–experimental study with a pretest–posttest design and a control group. The study population consisted of all type 2 diabetic patients referred to Birjand Diabetes Clinic in the spring of 2010. A total of 40 patients were selected and randomly assigned into two groups of 20 experimental and control groups. The ACT intervention was performed in eight 90–minute sessions. Data were collected by completing the Anxiety and Depression Scale (Levibond and Lovebond, 1995) and measuring blood lipid indexes before and after the intervention. Ethical considerations included accepting volunteer members in the group counseling sessions, willingly completing the questionnaires by the samples, proper scheduling of meetings, and keeping the information and names of individuals in the study confidential. It is worth noting that this study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Birjand University of Medical Sciences under code Ir.Mums.REC.1398.189. Data analysis was performed by calculating mean and standard deviation in the descriptive part and univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance in the inferential part in SPSS version 22. The significance level was considered at α=0.05.

After the intervention, depression and anxiety scores and lipid indices were significantly decreased in the experimental group compared to the control group (p<0.001). The Eta coefficients for the depression variable (0.220), the anxiety variable (0.0301), total cholesterol (0.257), triglyceride (0.397), LDL–cholesterol (0.184), and HDL–cholesterol (0.171) indicated the efficacy of ACT in reducing anxiety, depression and lipid profile in type 2 diabetic patients.

The results showed that after the intervention, the anxiety, depression, and lipid profile in type 2 diabetic patients were significantly reduced in the experimental group compared to the control group. So, it is recommended that this treatment be used as a complementary treatment for other psychosomatic diseases.

In the present age, the valuable capital of human resources has snatched the ball from other organizational capitals in terms of importance. This has led to the design and preparation of extensive and diverse programs for the growth and flourishing of employees' professional and professional ability to lead to maturity, job satisfaction, attachment and improving the quality of their working life .The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of schema-based group training on quality of work life and job satisfaction of employees of Nimroz Gostaran Energy Engineering Company.

 Method and Materials:

 This research is quasi-experimental. The statistical population of the present study consists of all personnel of Nimroz Gostaran Energy Development Company in 1399. Of these, 30 people were selected by available sampling method and based on the criteria for entering the research, and randomly in two groups of 15 people to control and test. The sample of the research was selected. The experimental group received the schema therapy training intervention and the control group did not receive any intervention. The treatment schema consisted of 10 sessions of 90 minutes. The research tools included the Demographic Questionnaire and Barry Field and Ruth Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (1951) and the Walton Quality of Work Life Questionnaire (QWL) (1973). The SPSS22 software data were analyzed.

Findings showed that after the interventions and calculations and analysis of the results of group schema therapy training led to an increase in the mean scores of variable quality of work life (overall score of quality of work life (P≤0.001, F = 33.87) and also increased mean scores of variable job satisfaction (P≤0.001, F = 17.55) in the experimental group compared to the control group.

According to the research results, group schema therapy training can be effective in the quality of work life and job satisfaction of the company's employees and thus increase their level of productivity in the organization. And as a result of these trainings, the individual finds that a more adaptive response replaces the previous mentality, which is likely to reduce the amount of stress and job stress and the level of job satisfaction and quality Work life will increase it. Therefore, it is recommended that effective training programs be included in the staff work schedule on a regular basis, or in the form of training content, such as posters and short training messages, to continuously improve work performance and prevent any damage caused by high experience, job dissatisfaction or quality of work life