فهرست مطالب abbas kangi

The United Nations has proposed in the MCR2030 project that it is necessary to make the world's cities resilient against natural crises by 2030. Therefore, the resilience capacity of the citizens of Yazd was measured in the event of a possible earthquake caused by the Taft fault, as large as 6.2 on the Richter scale, in the NHMS and the GIS. Part1, resilience zoning map was prepared using analytical geotechnical information in five homogeneous neighborhoods of Yazd city (A-E). Estimation of earthquake damages and losses in Yazd city during three stages including; Calculation of the maximum acceleration of the earth, estimation of earthquake damage to buildings and vital arteries and estimation of earthquake losses were done. The classification of the resilience of the neighborhoods with the five-point classification of the Likert spectrum showed that the highest resilience belongs to categories E, A, D, C and B, respectively. Part2, measuring the resilience of the citizens of Yazd was done by preparing and distributing a questionnaire and analyzing it with the help of Spss software. The results of the analysis showed that only category E was lower than the average resilience. The neighborhoods of this category are the outskirts of the city in the northwest and northeast of Yazd city. In the final, the classification of the resilience of the neighborhoods, from the highest to the lowest, was related to the category: E, A, C, D and B. The resilience of E, A and C was higher than the average (3).

The most seismic activities have observed around and along major fault systems of this zone in NE Iran that involving of an array active right lateral-strike slip faults have distributed by trending NW-SE. neotectonic activity and mechanism changing of faults to reverse trusting faults have caused to increase stress, shortening and increasing seismicity with high density of earthquakes in their ends bending. Structural relation faults between this zone and Binaloud through Meshkan thrusting-transfer zone which is major motion engine of Bakharden-Quchan zone to put it constantly under neotectonic stresses convergence of Arabia-Eurasia plates since last phase Alpine orogeny. In this paper Fractal analysis through box counting method has done and D values change between 0-2. If D closes to zero, faults an earthquakes are focusing in a point with high tension and if D closes to 2 is shown low tension, dispersal faults and earthquakes in whole of region. Both surface/volume fractal dimension distribution show higher seismicity activity in Central and Western parts of Kopeh Dagh in NE Iran.

The Bakharden-Quchan Faulted Zone is located in central Part of thrusted -folding belt of kopeh Dagh in NE border of Iran-Turkmenistan with array of active right lateral  strike-slip faults by trending NW-SE that their ends have bent to joint blind faults in thrusts. Mechanism changing faults to reverse have caused to increase stress, shortening by thrusting in their ends bending. Most of the historical and instrumental earthquakes have distributed around faulted system of Bakharden-Quvhan Zone. Seismicity results of this zone with micro-seismics and computing parameters of b-value, fractal dimension (D) and mapping of local stresses distribution could have achieved us precious data on crust tension distribution, mechanism faults and system fault changes during time and place of probable occurrence future earthquakes. In neo-tectonic active zone b < 0/6 to 1/1 and D changes between zero to 2. If b< 0/6 and D closes to zero, faults and earthquakes will concentrate in asperities with high rate of stress but if b> 0/6 and D closes to 2 faults and earthquakes will scatter in whole of zone with low rate of stress. Occurrence of major earthquakes are not far away expectation in edge of asperities although there is a possibility that they gradually loss energy to get inactive because the seismology way of releasing energy in these faults is, when group of faults approach to motion threshold are increased b-values and other group of faults are accumulating energy, so their b-values are decreased

Mashhad Plain affects by a series of active faults in the northern margin of the Binalud and the southern margin of the Kopet-Dagh mountain ranges. The activity of these faults forms the morphology of the stepped bedrock of the Plain. In addition, the faults’ activities in the Quaternary period are the main effective parameters in thickness and texture of aquifer deposits in Mashhad Plain. In this regard, one of the active and important faults in Mashhad Plain is Tous fault, which runs from the northwest of Mashhad Plain into the city of Mashhad. The present research aims to analyze the effect of this fault on groundwater resources in the north of Mashhad Plain. For this purpose, ancient geoelectric studies and many well logs data are gathered, interpreted and by the combination of all of the geology information a new model for groundwater resource of the area proposed. The results of this study indicate that activities of Tous fault results to the uplifting of the Neogene Marly bedrock of Mashhad Plain, which such as a barrier prevents the flow of groundwater from the northern plain to the main aquifer of Mashhad Plain, and practically has divided the alluvial aquifer of Mashhad Plain into two parts. The maximum sediment thickness can be seen adjacent to the fault in the north of the Tous region and the tomb of Ferdowsi.

Mashhad plain in a special structural position and Influenced by the performance of a series of active faults in the northern margin of the Binaloud Mountain Range, The southern margin of the Kopet Dagh Mountain Range and the Quchan Eating Zone is located to the west. The activity of these faults has formed the stepping morphology of lowland rock. Also active faults in the thick Quaternary period and The expansion of alluvial sediments has a high potential for discharge. Chaheshk fault as a subsidiary of Shandiz fault zone in central part of Mashhad plain, It plays an important role in controlling the hydraulic behavior of the groundwater resources of this plain. This fault is based on the integration of geoelectric profiles and The results of machine excavations are first identified in this study.Wells drilled to the north of Chahshak fault with good discharge Often at depths of more than 250 meters, they have been impacted by clayey rocks and Neogene conglomerates. But wells drilled south of the fault with very low discharge and Or no discharge generally at a depth of 100 to 140 meters They have been struck by metamorphic rocks. The uplift of the rock in the south of the Chahshak Fault causes The stepping morphology has been followed by metamorphic rocks in the southern part of Mashhad plain. This metamorphic uplift as a positive flower-like building, Under the influence of a straight-strike strike-slip faulting system, it was created by a trance-tension mechanism.