ali davari

Today, with the expansion of globalization and increased economic competition, capital accumulation has been proposed as one of the main factors of the economic growth process of the countries, which can be provided through domestic or foreign sources. Meanwhile, inadequacy of internal resources and the need for high technical knowledge in some countries that seek economic growth have required a serious approach to this issue. Furthermore, countries with limited domestic resources are not able to expand exports and acquire shares from new markets, and they need stable resources to provide capital and their needs, among which attracting foreign capital is one of the economic solutions. Indirect foreign investment includes investments made by foreign natural and legal entities in the form of buying securities of a financial institution and company and providing them to the host country during a process. Due to the important role of foreign direct investment, the global market for attracting these funds has become really  competitive. Such competition has been formed especially among developing countries due lack of financial resources on the one hand, and the need for achieving rapid development on the other. Therefore, it is crucilaly important to identify the factors affecting the flow of foreign direct investment. As a result, the aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between foreign investment and crimes committed in 31 provinces of the country during 2001-2021 using panel data regression models and unit root stationarity tests of Levin, Lin and Chu, Im, Pesaran and Shin, Fisher and Fisher.

According to the theoretical foundations of foreign direct investment and crime and the study conducted by Daniele and Marani in 2008, regression model (panel data) and static test have been considered to investigate the relationship between foreign direct investment and crime. In other words, in the estimation of regression models in the form of time series, it is critically important to check the stationarity of the variables, and for this purpose, Levin, Lin and Chu, Im, Pesaran and Shin, Fisher and Fisher tests were used in this study. The variables investigated in this study include foreign direct investment as a dependent variable and population variables, GDP per capita, industry index, degree of openness of the regional economy, infrastructure index and crime variable as an independent variable.

The results indicate that the test of the first model shows a negative relationship between foreign direct investment and crime, which is not statistically significant. In other words, with the increase in crime, the power to attract foreign direct investment in each province decreases. The results of the second model indicate that the logarithm of GDP per capita has a negative and significant effect on the entry of foreign direct investment. In other words, with the increase of GDP in each province, the amount of foreign direct investment attraction decreases. In the third model, in addition to the gross domestic product, the logarithm of the investment of exploitation licenses issued in each province as an industry index of each province has been entered into the model, which has a negative and significant effect on foreign direct investment. In the fourth model, the variable related to the country's infrastructure, which in this study is the amount of electricity subscribers of each province, has a positive and significant effect, and by entering the infrastructure variable, the effect of other variables is the same as before. The variable of the degree of openness of the economy in the fifth model shows a positive and significant effect on foreign direct investment, and it shows that the more suitable the country has for trade with other countries, the more the desire to invest in the country increases and the more foreign direct investment is attracted. GDP per capita variables and industry index have a negative and significant effect, and the infrastructure variable also has a positive and significant effect on foreign direct investment. In final model where the population variable is entered, the results indicate a negative and significant effect of the population on foreign direct investment. In other words, with the increase in population, the power to attract direct investment in each province decreases.

The results obtained from the present study indicate that although, based on the data examined in this study, crimes have not had a significant effect on the attraction of foreign direct investment, but the negative effects of GDP per capita and the industry index indicate that despite Iran's capabilities, it requires official and long-term planning to provide the necessary ground for attracting foreign direct investments. It seems that a step can be taken in this direction by applying the reduction of restrictions in the field of commercial policies, especially the foundation through tariff and customs policies and application of protective laws and regulations

The purpose of this research was to present an organizational resilience model with an entrepreneurial approach in the banking industry. The current research method was a descriptive type that was implemented in the field. The statistical population of this research included all experts and knowledgeable people in the field of banking industry in Iran. In order to identify these experts, purposeful sampling was used. This sampling was done until theoretical saturation was reached, and 15 people were selected as the research sample. In the qualitative part of the research, believability, transferability and verifiability were used to check validity. Also, in the quantitative analysis part of the research, Dimtel method was used. The results of this research revealed that the changes affecting organizational resilience with an entrepreneurial approach in the banking industry include structure dynamics, opportunity recognition, management optimization, liquidity consequences, management transformation, creating social justice and structure dynamics and creating banks' flexibility. is. Also, the results of this research show that the factor of structure dynamics with a weight of 0.237 was determined to be the most important factor in organizational resilience with an entrepreneurial approach in the banking industry.

The development and expansion of new Internet-based technologies as the main infrastructure for the growth of cyber space in recent years has been the source of major changes in the personal and social life of humans and like an ecological evolution, many traditional concepts and patterns of known political action such as social movements have undergone fundamental and essential transformations.Based on this, Manuel Castells, by inductively examining the process of Islamic awakening in Arab countries and some other countries, expresses indicators for new social movements. Therefore, the main problem of this research, which has been done by its researchers, is to analyze the nature of the 2022 unrest in Iran by using Castells' theory about new social movements. Thus, the main question of the researchers of this article is whether the unrest in Iran in 2022 is considered a "new social movement" based on Castells' theory? The method of analysis used in the current research was " Grounded Theory" (Network Community Theory). By studying various works published by Castells and more closely examining the book "Networks of Outrage and Hope", the researchers categorized the set of 10 indicators that Castells mentions for modern social movements in three aspects: nature, internal mechanisms and consequences, and based on this new model, they analyzed the developments of 2022 in Iran. The findings of this research show that the unrest of 2022 in Iran, although it has some characteristics of a modern social movement, such as being networked, local-globalized, the virality of the dissemination model, the lack of a specific program, the change of society's values, and the lack of a single leadership, but still it does not have some other key characteristics of the new social movements considered by Castells, such as non-violence, self-reflection, spontaneity and occupation of the urban space due to the deviation arising from the extensive involvement of external factors and for these reasons, the series of changes that occurred as a result of the unrest in Iran in 2022, along with the series of social platforms created during the past years, can be considered as a "social movement in transition".

The main objective of this research is to analyze how KM processes influence innovation in SMEs. The study seeks to bridge the gap in the literature by focusing on SMEs, especially in developing economies, where KM practices are not as widely adopted as in larger corporations. Despite the recognized potential of KM to enhance innovation (Imran et al., 2019), there is limited empirical research on its role in SMEs, particularly in resource-constrained environments (Valdez-Juárez et al., 2016). This research aims to fill that gap by assessing the effectiveness of knowledge acquisition, dissemination, and responsiveness in driving innovation..

A quantitative research design was employed to examine the relationships between KM processes and innovation. Data were collected from 307 SMEs through structured questionnaires, which measured KM practices and innovation using a five-point Likert scale. The survey data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the proposed relationships and hypotheses. This method allows for a comprehensive examination of the complex relationships between KM processes and innovation (Obeidat et al., 2016). Reliability and validity were ensured through the use of Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency and confirmatory factor analysis for construct validity (Rahman et al., 2009).

The findings of the study reveal that all three KM processes—knowledge acquisition, dissemination, and responsiveness—positively impact innovation in SMEs. Knowledge acquisition was found to have the strongest influence, as SMEs that actively acquire knowledge from both internal and external sources are better positioned to innovate (Gui & Lee, 2024). Knowledge dissemination, or the sharing of information across the organization, also plays a crucial role in ensuring that employees can access the knowledge needed for innovation (Shehzad et al., 2021). Finally, responsiveness to new knowledge allows firms to integrate and apply insights effectively, fostering continuous innovation (Zack et al., 2009). These results suggest that SMEs can overcome their resource limitations by adopting robust KM practices, which can enhance their ability to innovate and compete in dynamic markets. The study supports the findings of previous research that KM processes are integral to organizational innovation (Obeidat et al., 2016; Imran et al., 2019). However, it adds new insights by demonstrating that even in resource-constrained environments, SMEs can leverage KM to drive innovation. Future research should explore additional KM dimensions and investigate how these processes influence different types of innovation in SMEs

Various researches are trying to identify the effective factors on entrepreneurship promotion in organizations, Considering the entrepreneurship impact on organizational performance. On the other hand, in recent years, there has been an increasing trend in research on the role of human resource management processes and activities as a beneficial approach that can help the entrepreneurial business growth in companies. Therefore, qualitative research and case study method were used to achieve the goal of the research. The key experts of this research were some managers and consultants of the investigated companies who are familiar with the field of human resources and organizational entrepreneurship, and a total of 26 of these people were identified by the snowball method. Thematic analysis approach was used to analyze the collected data. As a result, 5 categories, 13 components, and 60 concepts were identified. The findings of the research showed that the entrepreneurial performance assessment component includes four sub-components; Performance evaluation is based on entrepreneurial goals, creating innovation, risk taking and team performance evaluation, which can be effective in the occurrence of entrepreneurial organizational behaviors.

Historical tourism is one of the biggest sources of economic development in any region and its rapid growth accompanies abundant changes. As such, it is necessary to value tourism attractions using appropriate methods in order to express the importance of historical tourism as well as convert it into monetary values. In the present study, the recreational value of the largest museum in the southeastern Iran located in Sistan and Baluchistan province was estimated using the conditional valuation method whereas the Logistic regression method was taken into account to investigate the factors affecting the willingness of visitors to pay for the improvement and protection of this museum. For this purpose, first, the sample size was determined based on Cochran's method, and then the data were collected through a questionnaire and face-to-face interviews. The results showed that the variables such as "occupation", "income", "visited season" and "maximum offered amount” have had a significant effect on people's willingness to pay, but the variables like "age", "gender", "marital status", "education”, "number of household members", "conveyance", "being native or non-native", "main purpose of visit" and "attractiveness of the area" have had no significant effect. Also, based on the calculations, the average inclination of each visitor to pay in order to protect and improve the condition of the museum of Southeast Iran was 100,950 Rials per month, and its annual recreational value was estimated to 4,554,860 Rials, which showed the high importance of this museum for visitors.

Summary:Considering that one of the ecosystems that are being formed in Iran is the ecosystem of electronic businesses in the field of education, the analysis of this ecosystem and the identification of its main players and the role of each of them can be used to guide this ecosystem in order to create significant value for each. To be effective and useful from its actors. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to identify the dimensions and factors of the educational e-business ecosystem in Iran, which tries to answer the question, "What are the main dimensions and elements in the educational e-business ecosystem in Iran?"This research is practical in terms of purpose and qualitative content analysis method (theme analysis) was used to identify the dimensions of the educational e-business ecosystem. The statistical population included entrepreneurs and active experts in the field of electronic businesses and owners and managers of internet businesses, as well as academic experts. Among them, 12 people were selected using the snowball sampling strategy in a purposeful and non-random way until the theoretical saturation stage. Qualitative data analysis was done using Max Kyuda version 11 software. The results of this research were 527 open codes in the form of 130 core categories and 15 themes, and based on these 15 themes, the dimensions of the educational electronic business ecosystem were determined. At the end, practical suggestions are provided according to the research results.

When a business faces problems and unsatisfactory results, it is time for transformation. To define an appropriate change strategy, the organization must understand the context of the transformation and the main needs driving it. Understanding the reasons for the change will help implement it and reduce some of the unnecessary costs the organization may incur. Researchers consider strategic agility as an ongoing ability for moment-to-moment strategic sensitivity, agile collective commitment, rapid and powerful resource renewal and expansion, and as an antidote to the pain of the repetitive succession of success, decline, resilience, crises, and updates. They also consider strategic agility to result from a combination of stability in processes and people, values and ambitions, sensitivity and flexibility in views, fluidity in expanding resources, and leadership unity in creating collective commitments. Organizations use strategic agility to respond flexibly to the needs of their stakeholders in the face of various risks and pressures. The agility of the employee performance management system alone is not enough, and government organizations must respond to problems on their own by using strategic methods. In this regard, the present research explains the obstacles and limitations of implementing an agile system for the strategic management of employee performance.

Design/ methodology/ approach: 

The current research is part of applied research and is of a mixed type. To carry out the current research, the interpretive structural approach (ISM) was used, which is a cognitive mapping method for leveling and determining the relationships between indicators. To implement ISM, determining the relationships and priorities of the elements in the system is on the agenda. The validity of this method, considering its mathematical basis, examines whether the interpretive structural model correctly and accurately interprets the information in the data. Due to the standardization of the questionnaire and the data collection method, the validity of this method is different from statistical methods, and it is included in the essence of its mathematical modeling. Also, reliability in interpretive structural modeling refers to the continuity of reliability and whether the interpretive model can maintain stability and honesty in different conditions and with increasing data volume. In this way, the validity and reliability of this method ensure the accuracy and reliability of the analyses and the results obtained, which were examined in this research and confirmed by experts according to its mathematical foundations from both perspectives. The current research is part of applied and mixed research. The statistical population of the research comprised senior managers of government organizations who were interviewed with five groups of experts, totaling 18 people, which continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. To collect data, interviews were used in the qualitative part, and a researcher-made questionnaire was used in the quantitative part. The required items were collected from this statistical population in a specific way (18 people) using standard questionnaires. The qualitative part of this research, relying on critical systems, which is one of the categories of research in liberating operations, fundamentally examined and identified the system from the perspective of different stakeholders. Quantitatively, this structure has been leveled, and their relationships have been determined by examining the interpretive structure.

The research findings identified 11 obstacles, and the results show that conflicts in the rules and, as a result, the separation of informal groups in the system are the most fundamental factors preventing the growth of this system.

 Limitations & Consequences: 

This research was conducted in the public sector, with special cases related to this sector, and the results may face limitations in other sectors.

Practical Consequences: 

This research helps public sector managers identify the obstacles and limitations in the way of the agile system of strategic management of employees' performance, enabling them to address these challenges with appropriate strategies.

 Innovation or value of the Article:

 This research adds to the knowledge of this field by presenting a model for the implementation of the agile system of strategic management of employees' performance and examining its limitations.

the aim of this research is to design the framework of corporate entrepreneurship development policy based on institutional dimensions. For this purpose, using the qualitative method and benefiting from the grounded theory, an in-depth semi-structured interview was conducted with the experts in this field using the snowball method. Then, open coding process resulted in 158 codes, an dselective coding resulted in 129 codes in the form of 6 main categories, causal conditions (challenges: policies of access to financial resources, entrepreneurship motivational policies, business environment evaluation policies, policy cultural factors, legal policies), central phenomenon (barriers: organizational, structural, economic, technological, networking and information), contextual factors (formal, informal, legal and regulatory, cognitive, normative factors), intervening factors (factors environment), strategies (preparation of entrepreneurial planning, providing financial aid and incentives, improvement of business administrative structure, educational and cultural foundation, development of innovative improvement, improvement of sub-structures) and consequences (strategic development and improvement, operational development and improvement). The results showed that the current research can help policy-makers in formulating corporate entrepreneurship policies based on the future trends of businesses in the world.

The institutional structure of any country deeply affects the economic performance of that country. Based on this, in the present research, the design of the strategic model of organizational entrepreneurship development based on institutional role-playing is presented based on scientometric studies. The research method in this research is practical in terms of purpose and from the point of view of gathering information: meta-synthesis with scientometric method. The research community includes all scientific documents including (articles, books, book chapters, scientific reports, ...) in the "Scopos" citation database until 2022, based on which 52 documents were extracted and scientific maps were created by Bibexcel and VOSviewer software. It was illustrated and the documents were analyzed. The results of the research have shown that the country's technical and professional organization can work with the roles of "planning, organizing, systemizing, facilitating, guiding and supporting" and by influencing factors such as "institutional incentives" adaptability (national and international), institutional quality, institutionalization of the organizational culture of skill training, institutionalization, self-improvement and suitability of skill training with new markets, regional advantages and the new method of modern skill training; In order to supply the human resources needed by the industry, it should be fruitful with a present and forward-looking approach.

Today, having knowledge-based organizations and businesses is considered an important and main capital for a country and can create a competitive advantage. As a result, the aim of this study was to drawing a scientific map of the knowledge-based businesses development with a bibliometric approach.

The current research in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was descriptive. The population of this study was the conducted research in the field of knowledge-based business development in the Scopus database from 1985 to 2023 year. The data of this study were analyzed by the bibliometric method according to the systematic approach with the two objectives of functional analysis and citation network analysis and with PRISMA protocol in VOSViewer software.

The functional analysis findings showed that in the field of knowledge-based businesses development, Gambardella and McGahan had the most citations (372 times) with an article entitled Business-model innovation: General purpose technologies and their implications for industry structure. Also, authors including Crenicean, Ichijo, Kohlbacher, Markopoulos, Popescu, Sequeira, Vanharanta and Will and countries including United Kingdom, China, United States, Germany, Italy, Romania and South Korea respectively had the most research in the field of knowledge-based businesses development. In addition, the findings of the citation network analysis showed that for collaboration between authors there were 21 links, 7 keywords and 1 cluster and for collaboration between countries there were 34 links, 22 keywords and 5 clusters. Also, for co-referencing words there were 1475 links, 138 keywords and 6 clusters, which were more related to the words of business development, knowledge-based systems, innovation and knowledge management.

The results of the present research about the knowledge-based businesses development with a bibliometric approach can have an effective role in designing and implementing programs to improve knowledge-based businesses.

Implementing the human resources ecosystem poses a significant challenge for large private and public organizations. This challenge is exacerbated by the comprehensive nature of its concepts and its dependence on the availability of rich and abundant resources. The primary objective of this research is to scrutinize the barriers hindering the implementation of the human resources ecosystem in Iran, considering the prevailing environmental conditions. The secondary goal is to propose viable steps for resolving these problems and overcoming the barriers through a comprehensive understanding of the challenges associated with implementing this ecosystem. The Total Systems Intervention (TSI) meta-methodology system was selected to achieve a holistic understanding of the system. Deploying the Total Systems Intervention framework, a systematic process was initiated to identify the system's principal challenges and pinpoint applicable methods. Nine main challenges were identified, leading to the selection of two methods—namely, the Importance-Performance Approach (IPA) and the Soft Systems Methodology (SSM)—for categorization and the development of implementation solutions. The findings, based on the perspectives of seven experts in the field of human resources, revealed that non-compliance with strategic plans with the human resource ecosystem and environmental dynamism and uncertainty are the most crucial and impactful barriers. Consequently, issues such as the lack of executive flexibility and insufficient stakeholder participation were identified as additional problems of high importance but lower effectiveness. Subsequently, the research delved into discussing methods for implementing and monitoring the ecosystem, resulting in the design of a comprehensive framework for implementation. The research underscores that successfully implementing the human resources ecosystem necessitates internal system integration and alignment among managers, stakeholders, programs, and resources. This alignment accelerates and streamlines the implementation process, highlighting the importance of a cohesive approach to realizing the system's potential.

The main purpose of this article was to investigate the impact of social media marketing on the purchase intention of users with the mediating role of customer support and customer engagement. The current research is a descriptive-correlation-type applied research and it was carried out with a quantitative approach. The statistical population of this research is the followers of selected advertising companies' pages on social networks (Instagram), of which 54 people have been selected as a sample to answer the research questions. Due to the importance of advertising and interaction with customers in the online space, this research aims to explain the consequences of advertising in the digital space, focusing on customer involvement with the brand, customer support for the brand, and purchase intention.The statistical population of this article includes the followers of selected advertising companies' pages on social networks (Instagram). So that the sample members, based on viewing the advertisements presented on the company's page, evaluate the said advertisements and provide their opinions regarding the level of engagement with the advertisement, support of the advertised brand, and the intention to purchase the product from the advertised brand. With the emergence and rapid growth of the Internet and related phenomena such as social networks, traditional business models are no longer sufficient to meet modern needs, and new approaches need to be employed. As mentioned, with the development of the digital space and the increasing use of smartphones by a wide range of people, social media has become a key tool for organizations to interact with customers and implement marketing objectives. The penetration of social media into everyday life is such that different segments of society spend a significant amount of time examining the content published on these platforms. The widespread use of digital space is facilitated by easy access to the Internet through personal computers and mobile phones, allowing users to access these media at their desired time and location. In line with the rapid growth of social media and the inclination of various segments of society to use them, these platforms have become exceptional tools for business interaction with customers and the implementation of marketing strategies. In this regard, online advertising, or digital advertising, has become one of the most important functions of these media. Through attractive and subtle approaches, digital advertising captures the attention of consumers, raises awareness, and influences them. The importance of advertising and customer interaction in the online space has led this research to explore the consequences of digital advertising, with a focus on customer engagement with the brand, brand advocacy, and purchase intention. The results of this study will be discussed and examined further.

The significant growth in scholarly research on CVC investments may be partly related to the volume of participant behaviors over many years. In this situation, there will inevitably remain only companies whose managers are equipped with risk-taking skills, therefore, the entrepreneurial behavior of employees is described as one of the prominent aspects in facing competitive advantage. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of entrepreneurial behavior on corporate venture capital with the mediating role of risk taking. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of nature and method. The statistical population of this research includes 144 people from the general office of Maskan Bank. In this research, Cochran's sampling formula was used to calculate the sample size. In this formula, with a possible accuracy of about 5% and assuming the highest dispersion of the studied traits, the sample size is 104 people. A questionnaire tool was used to collect data. Structural equation method and SmartPLS software were used to check research hypotheses. The obtained results show that when middle level managers perform entrepreneurial behavior, they have to influence their subordinates to imitate their performance behaviors, which ultimately leads to superior service delivery. In addition, the findings of this study can provide insights for policymakers in formulating and implementing human capital development policies and allow banks to benchmark themselves to improve their ability to create value. Considering the increase in global competition and the complexity of the market, it is hoped that this study will help the banking sector to develop effective strategies in stimulating entrepreneurial behaviors among its managerial employees. Hence, for established organizations such as the banking sector, it is critical to foster entrepreneurial behavior, especially at all middle management levels, in order to enhance performance and improve competitive advantage.

 This article examines the role of knowledge base firms on international entrepreneurship development by emphasizing on creactivity and innovation, commercialization and resilience in changes with are features of such a company .Based on this objective, this study is applied developmental in its purpose and descriptive-survey under its methodology. Statistical population of study includes 2800 firms of knowledge base companies of Tehran province where 340 companies are selected randomly based on Morgan formula and required information are collected from their managers and experts. Methodology of data collection in qualitative part of study was conducted through library research and in quantitative part through a researcher made questionnaire. Acquired data were analyzed via statistical tests where based on views of assessed participants, the following finding were obtained: knowledge base firms by holding some features such as innovation and creactivity, competitiveness, commercialization and resilience in changes have effective role in international development and growth of entrepreneurship.

Effectuation and causation represent two types of decision-making logic of entrepreneurs in the entrepreneurial process. Effectuation emphasizes using available means, controlling the future, flexibility, and identifying potential market opportunities in an uncertain context. Causal logic focuses on formal planning, predicting the future, and competitive analysis. Studies show that new ventures are often sources of innovation. However, such firms are rarely able to invest in costly processes and instead use alternative routes to generate innovation. Firms' innovative actions were carried out using the approaches of effectuation and causation to reduce uncertainty. This research examined how combined interactions of effectuation principles (including experimentation, affordable loss, flexibility, and pre-commitment) and causation lead to business innovation. In this study, the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) and configurations of the dimensions of effectuation and causation related to business innovation were investigated. The research sample included 145 entrepreneurs established in science and technology parks. The results showed eight combinations of causation and dimensions of effectuation that lead to a high level of innovation. Findings revealed that no single condition was necessary for business innovation, and entrepreneurs operating in science and technology parks use effectuation components and causation in complex configurations. Finally, recommendations for future studies were provided.

Governments play a significant role in building a constructive environment for the emergence and development of entrepreneurship, which can be achieved through the implementation of entrepreneurship policy. Policy implementation is a link between the formulation and the results of the expected policies. This applied research has been conducted with the aim of designing a model for implementing entrepreneurial policies in Iran. The statistical population of the study consists of experts in the field of entrepreneurship policy, who have been selected by judgmental sampling. The data collection tool is an interview and in order to design this model, we first interviewed 14 experts and implementers of entrepreneurship policies, in order to achieve in-depth theoretical saturation. After collecting and summarizing the interview information, using the theme analysis technique, and open and central coding, 32 indicators to measure 7 factors of standardization, participation in the performance, presenters, performance environment, performance conditions, performance evaluation, and Feedback was identified. Then, in another interview with the same experts who were present in the previous stage of the interview, the pair relationship and two factors were identified and analyzed using the interpretive-structural modeling (ISM) technique, and finally, the relationship and sequence of factors were extracted in a model including 7 dimensions in 5 levels. The obtained results demonstrated that standardization is the basis of the model of implementation of entrepreneurial policies in Iran, which should receive much attention. Moreover, according to the results of this section, the factors of participation in implementation, conditions of implementation, and evaluation in implementation are among the dependent factors, which have a weak influence but high dependence. The feedback factor is the link variable and the standardization factors, executives and implementation environment are independent variables that have high influence and low dependence and are named key variables. According to the factors identified in the research, it is suggested that a national entrepreneurship document and its implementation roadmap be compiled, and in this regard, the opinions and suggestions of executives and beneficiaries should be used both in the actual identification of issues and in providing successful implementation solutions for entrepreneurship programs.

In recent years, we have seen an increase in attention to fintech and corporate venture capital around the world. The new wave of fintech is driven by venture capitalists and not only through investments by incubating domestic projects. In the present study, in terms of purpose and data collection, it is a combination of practical and exploratory. In the qualitative part, semi-structured interviews, focus group, and expert grouping were used, and in the quantitative part, structural equations were used. The results led to the identification and compilation of 174 indicators in the research area, where more than 50% of the experts chose 94 codes, and the codes that are of the same gender were placed in a separate group. The results of examining and extracting the factors of corporate venture capital investment in the banking system based on the SIP model showed that these factors include output (output), platform (context), input (inputs) and process. The product related to the output includes the creation of non-financial value, financial value, strengthening the business and continuous strategy, strengthening the ecosystem and exploitation of complementary assets, expanding the identification and adoption of new and emerging technologies and opportunities. The results related to the platform include general favorable investment conditions, special favorable investment conditions, external environment, internal environment. The results related to input include behavior, investment, property and finance and finally the results related to the process including actions before investment, initial actions of investment, mature investment, actions during investment, communication ecosystem, risk, experience and interaction, limitations in investment, Smart management is strategic organization.

Globalization is interpreted, on the one hand, as the integration of markets globally and, on the other hand, as the internationalization of companies. Internationalization, on the other hand, brings economic advantages of scale, higher revenue, fast investment, learning from export processes, and increased productivity for companies. Research on the internationalization of companies has led to the identification of unusual patterns due to the speed of international development and the diversity of market entry in different temporal and geographical dimensions. Thus, not only do early internationalization studies explain these patterns, but also companies can follow these patterns to achieve a fast-paced position in their entering international markets and expanding their world-class operations. In this research, the factors affecting the early internationalization of small and medium food companies in Iran are investigated, and the most important factors are identified and analyzed homogeneously in the form of six main dimensions. This is done through reviewing previous studies and interviews experts. Also, the structural, managerial, cultural, competitive and institutional environments of industries as well as their psychological characteristics are identified and classified. Then, after the completion of the questionnaire by the managers of food companies as the statistical population, the most important components of early internationalization are identified. In the present study, a mixed exploratory method (qualitative and quantitative) is used to conduct the research. In the qualitative method, by a review of the conducted studies, 68 components of early internationalization were identified. Then, by a survey of 17 industry and university experts in three stages, 61 components were selected through the fuzzy Delphi method. Also, based on the reports of the Trade Development Organization, the data of 149 food industry companies that had international activities were reviewed. Next, using the Morgan table, 107 companies were selected as a statistical sample, and the finalized components were distributed among them in the form of a questionnaire. After the analysis of the data by the SPSS software, the most important components influencing the early internationalization of small and medium companies in the food industry were identified.  The elements of early internationalization were classified into organizational, environmental, and individual types. The structural dimension consisted of 16 components, five of which (strategic resources and assets, company goals and strategies, competitive product price, brand reputation, and company size) were listed in the study conducted by Langst et al.  (2014). In this dimension, most company goals and strategies were considered. Tradition (2019) classified the factors influencing the early internationalization of small and medium-sized enterprises into three dimensions including export incentives, export barriers, and company-specific factors. Also, the presence of companies in specialized international exhibitions, the existence of research and development, new production technology, and the size of the foreign market were mentioned in Scleukin’s research (2017) as the other factors of the early internationalization of small and medium companies. According to Methiosinite and Scelyokin (2015), the factors of early internationalization alone cannot lead the company to its goals and mission, but all the factors must be considered in a specific framework and specific classification. They also found that SMEs struggled to enter global markets due to a lack of resources and manpower, but early internationalization allowed SME executives to save the scale and gain access to new customers in markets. Foreigners can access new resources and overcome these limitations. The study showed that, accordance with theoretical literature, the framework of factors affecting the early internationalization of small and medium-sized food companies consists of organizational, environmental and individual domains as well as structural, managerial, cultural, competitive, institutional, environmental and psychological characteristics.According to the percentage of the respondents, the component of "competitive product price" from a structural point of view, the component of "competitive product price" from a managerial point of view, the component of "existence of export-oriented organizational culture" from a cultural point of view, the components of “attending international specialized exhibitions”, and the component of  "responding to unexpected orders abroad" in terms of competitive environment, the component of "structure appropriate to insurance, banking, tax, export support and financial system" in terms of the institutional environment of the industry, and the component of "managerial leadership spirit" in terms of psychology gained the highest scores.The point to make about internationalization in Iran is the negligence of many modes of internationalization, especially early internationalization, and the over-focus of policymakers on exports. However, export is just one of the facets of internationalization. Opportunities such as production in the destination country, especially countries that have lower production costs and more manpower than Iran, representation and branching in foreign countries, direct supply of products, coalition strategies with foreign partners, and the transfer of material resources and technology should also be considered. In this regard, it is of significance to pave the way for the government and to support the foreign trade of domestic food companies to enter global markets. Based on the research findings, it is suggested that food industry companies be highly sensitivity in the choice of the destination countries, and give priority to advertising and sales promotion to rapidly and powerfully enter foreign markets, especially the markets of 15 neighboring countries, which include a market of 400 million people. The market research team conducted a comprehensive study on the taste, packaging model, foreign market traction, and halal food supply. The results help company management teams formulate an appropriate and comprehensive strategy for entering foreign markets and achieving a rapid international status.

The objective of this applied research is to investigate the reasons behind the differences in the performance of graduates from accelerator programs. The study aims to identify the influence of two fundamental elements of accelerator programs, namely mentorship and access to investors, on the performance of startups. Additionally, the mediating role of startup background is also taken into consideration.

This is a descriptive-correlational study that uses data collected from 157 startups that participated in Canadian accelerators between September 2021 and June 2022. A theoretical model was presented to explain the relationships between variables, and the conceptual model was tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).

The results of the study indicate that the design of accelerator programs, particularly the frequency, intensity, and quality of opportunities given to access investors, and the strength of the startups' network during the program, have a significant impact on the chances of graduates to receive more rounds of investment earlier. The study also found that more time commitment, a high quality of relationship between mentors and entrepreneurs, and better professional and mental support in mentorship could lead to an increase in the number of investment rounds and speed of fundraising. Furthermore, the study revealed that accelerator mentorship programs bring better results for founders whose education field and work experience are related to their business idea.

The study concludes that the design of accelerator programs, particularly the mentorship and access to investors, has a significant impact on the performance of startups. The findings of the study can provide insights for future research and can be useful for accelerators in designing their programs.

The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of developing entrepreneurial behavior in Iran's government organizations, with a focus on the Ministry of Cooperatives, Labor, and Social Welfare.

This study used a mixed method approach, combining qualitative and quantitative data analysis. The qualitative part involved semi-structured interviews with experts and managers of the Ministry of Cooperatives, Labor, and Social Welfare, who were selected using snowball sampling purposively method. The content analysis method was used for qualitative data analysis, which continued until theoretical saturation was reached. The quantitative part involved the use of structural equation modeling method with SPSS and SMART PLS software. For the research validity, the method of "Peers Debriefing and Members Checking" has been used in the qualitative part. To check the reliability of the research in the qualitative aspect, the "Inter-coder Agreement (ICA)" method has been used. Cronbach's alpha was used to check the reliability of each item in the quantitative section, and convergent validity and Discriminant validity were used to confirm the validity of the research in this section.

The study found that institutional and legal mechanisms, organizational mechanisms, environmental mechanisms, group and teamwork mechanisms, individual and personality mechanisms, and cultural and belief mechanisms, all played a role in the development of entrepreneurial behavior in government organizations. The findings suggest that the development of entrepreneurial behavior in government organizations requires a combination of these mechanisms.

The study provides insights into the mechanisms that can be used to develop entrepreneurial behavior in Iran's government organizations, with a focus on the Ministry of Cooperatives, Labor, and Social Welfare. The findings may have important implications for policymakers and organizational leaders who seek to foster entrepreneurship in government organizations. The mixed method approach used in this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms that are necessary for developing entrepreneurial behavior in government organizations.

Resilience as a structure that implies stability; It is considered as an essential element in entrepreneurship and can be considered as a challenging journey in the entrepreneurial process from the stage of action to realization; therefore, the study and analysis of the literature and experiences of the countries Moafaq is the driving force behind drawing a vision of the resilience of innovative businesses in Iran. For this purpose, the current research is an applied research that was carried out with a systematic review method and using the prism technique through the scientific method (co-occurrence of words). . The co-occurrence analysis of words is a tool to discover hidden patterns and emerging conceptual events. In this regard, all the documents of this field in the Scopus database, including 6257 documents, including articles, books, etc., were reviewed and analyzed in the period of 1985-2021. It has been placed and scientific maps have been illustrated using bibexcle1.0.0.0 and VOSviwer1.6.10.0 software. Based on the analysis of scientific maps and the analysis of documents, research gaps have been identified, and based on this, practical suggestions and solutions for the resilience of innovative businesses have been presented.

Given that there is a significant gap in the conceptualization of e-learning business ecosystem with e-learning approach, this paper introduces a conceptual framework of e-learning business ecosystem in the digital age by combining two concepts: digital business ecosystem and e-learning ecosystem. In order to design and explain the model of digital business ecosystem, the e-learning application has been implemented. Therefore, this research is fundamental in terms of orientation and exploratory in terms of purpose, and uses a descriptive-correlation approach to analyze the data for a quantitative stage. In this study, a conceptual model was developed by summarizing theories using library review methods, expert opinions and by reviewing studies conducted in digital businesses and e-learning (virtual education), dimensions, factors and components affecting the design of digital business ecosystem model. E-learning has been selected and extracted and the relevant indicators and the proposed conceptual model have been used to design the questionnaire. In the inferential findings and hypothesis testing section, the confirmatory factor analysis technique and the structural equation modeling technique were used. In this study, data were analyzed using SmartPLS2 software. The maximum alpha error level for testing the hypotheses was considered 0.05. As a result of the framework of the digital business ecosystem with the e-learning approach in the digital age based on dimensions and concepts: technology (infrastructure), cultural and social factors, individuals (talents), Information literacy, government and regulations, networks and interactions, stakeholders (markets and customers), environmental factors, capital, financial assistance, business factors, organizational factors, educational factors, innovation, support, evaluation are introduced.

Resilience in start-ups is a challenging issue that has caught the attention of policymakers and business owners. The present study is an attempt to provide a model for designing the resilience model of start-up businesses as a path to the future of start-up businesses.

This research is practical in terms of purpose and from the perspective of data collection is a qualitative research that has been done by content analysis method. The data collection method is semi-structured interview. Interviews with participants continued until they reached the theoretical saturation point, which was achieved by conducting 15 interviews. Participants were selected by snowball and purposeful method and data analysis was done through three coding steps (open, axial, selective) with MAXQDA2020 software.

Based on the research results, the components of "cognitive resilience, financial resilience, adaptive resilience" as well as the effective organizational factors of "precedent, drivers and boys and resilience consequences" were identified. In this research, foresight and futures studies were identified as the drivers of resilience of start-up businesses.

Resilience enables businesses to respond effectively to the dynamic conditions of their environment and maximize their competencies through strategic foresight and as a result gain more value than their competitors in the field of business. In this regard, the integration of foresight in the process of business resilience can be suggested as a facilitator of drivers.

The present study explains the model of knowledge-based companies in the field of international entrepreneurship, which is applied in terms of development goal and qualitative and quantitative in terms of method. The statistical population of the study consists of knowledge-based companies in Tehran province, which is 2800 people, based on Morgan formula and 340 companies were randomly selected as a sample. Necessary information on the subject of research was collected from the managers of these companies. The method of data collection in the qualitative part is through library studies and in the quantitative part is used to collect information from a researcher-made questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed through statistical tests, which were obtained based on the opinions of the subjects: knowledge-based companies with features such as innovation and creativity; Dissemination of knowledge, having appropriate educational and research activities. Being risk-averse; Competitiveness; Commercialization of products; Successful and efficient managers; Resilience to change and internationalization and globalization have an effective role in the growth and development of international entrepreneurship.