ali mirzaei

Considering the costs of providing feed for feeding ruminants, agricultural by-products, which are generally cheaper than conventional feeds, can be included in the diet of fattening animals, which will reduce production costs. One of these agricultural by-products is cotton waste from cotton ginning factories, which due to its plant origin and as a source of protein, fat and raw fibers, this product has the ability to be used as an alternative feed in the diet of fattening animals. This edible material is a mixture of woody parts of cotton bolls, stems, remnants of cotton fibers and leaves.This study was conducted to investigate the effects of substituting different levels of cotton waste for dried alfalfa on growth performance, quantitative and qualitative carcass traits, apparent digestibility, blood parameters, and liver enzymes Afshari lambs.

In this study, 24 male Afshari lambs with an mean weight of 30±1.9 kg and an mean age of 4 months were used in 4 treatments and 6 repetitions for 90 days. The experimental treatments included: 1) control group, 2) diet containing 33.33% cotton waste, 3) diet containing 66.66% cotton waste, 4) diet containing 100% cotton waste instead of dry alfalfa. Growth performance traits including daily feed intake, daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio were measured during the experiment period. Also, at the end of the experiment, three lambs from each treatment were slaughtered to measure the quantitative and qualitative traits of the carcass. On the 90th day of the experiment, blood samples were taken from five lambs from each treatment to measure blood parameters and liver enzymes..

The growth performance results showed that replacing 100% of cotton waste instead of dried alfalfa (1890 gr) in the diet of fattening lambs significantly increased the daily feed intake compared to the control group (P<0.05). The feed conversion ratio in the treatment containing 100% replacement of cotton waste instead of dried alfalfa (6.70) was significantly reduced compared to the control group (P<0.05). The final live weight in treatments where cotton waste was replaced by dried alfalfa was higher than the control group (P<0.05). Also, the treatment containing 100% replacement of cotton waste instead of dried alfalfa had a higher final weight (56.22 kg) than the control group and other groups. Apparent digestibility of crude fat (75.11%), NDF (69.31%) and ADF (30.32%) in the treatment containing 100% replacement of cotton waste instead of dried alfalfa compared to the control group It increased significantly (P<0.05). The concentration of blood urea nitrogen, cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and VLDL in blood serum increased with consumption of cotton waste (P<0.05); But the concentration of HDL decreased (P<0.05). A decrease in cholesterol and blood urea nitrogen was observed by replacing 33.33% of cotton waste (P<0.05). The live weight before slaughter, hot carcass weight, hot carcass percentage, cold carcass weight, cold carcass percentage, cold half carcass weight, thigh percentage and head percentage in the treatment containing 100% replacement of cotton waste instead of dried alfalfa increased significantly compared to the control group. had (P<0.05).

The general result of the present study showed that replacing 100% of cotton waste instead of alfalfa improved the growth performance, quantitative traits of the carcass and the apparent digestibility of nutrients.

The ripple effect, which refers to disturbances with a low probability of occurrence but a high impact, has been able to have many negative effects on the supply chain of Iran's food industry. Considering the strategic importance of the food industry, it is necessary to investigate the causal conditions of this effect.

Design/methodology/approach: 

This study has been performed in two phases with a mixed approach. The qualitative phase was conducted to identify the causes of the ripple effect and the quantitative phase was conducted to model and analyze the scenario. The participants in the qualitative phase were industrial experts, and judgmental sampling was used to collect data. The sample included 15 respondents, and the data analysis method was thematic analysis. The statistical population of the quantitative phase included industrial experts and university professors, and judgmental sampling was used to collect data. The sample included 10 respondents, and the data analysis method was fuzzy cognitive mapping. To analyze the scenarios, two categories of backward and forward scenarios have been designed. FCMapper software has been used to design the scenarios.

The results of the thematic analysis indicated 56 causes, which were grouped into 14 sub-categories: “business planning”, “production problems”, “financial problems of the organization”, “logistical problems”, “supply chain management”, “supplier problems”, “human disasters”, “natural disasters”, “legislative issues and law enforcement”, “political crises”, “macroeconomic issues”, “the increasing complexity and uncertainty of the business environment’, “infrastructure problems”, and “problems of production of complementary industries”. Finally, the sub-categories were grouped in four main categories: "business-level problems", "supply chain-level problems", "natural and unnatural disasters", and "macro problems of the country". The results of the second phase indicated that "political crises", "macroeconomic issues", and "complexity and uncertainty of the business environment" had the highest degree of influence. The results of the analysis of the scenarios implied the significance of "complexity and uncertainty of the business environment", "macroeconomic issues", and "political crises".

Research implications:

 Since inventory plays a significant role in dealing with the ripple effect, and inventory in the food industry is perishable, it is necessary to investigate how to balance the amount of buffer and perishable inventory. Another important issue in the supply chain of the food industry is the lack of advanced technologies and sufficient information on the areas under cultivation, the amount of harvest, and the amount of surplus or shortage of products in different parts, which strengthens the ripple effect. Studying the obstacles, challenges and key success factors of using advanced technologies in the supply chain of the food industry can help solve this problem.

Practical implications: 

According to the findings, it is suggested to include long-term factors, price flexibility, and support clauses in the contract with suppliers. For foreign products, it is recommended to contract with companies that have active agencies inside the country. The purchase of critical layers of the supply chain (vertical integration) is recommended to reduce risk. Contingency plans are necessary to deal with the ripple effect, while environmental and political issues must be monitored carefully to develop suitable contingency plans. As a result, it is necessary to form management teams in the food industry to investigate environmental and political issues and communicate with people with political influence to receive news faster.

Originality/value:

 Considering the problems that the supply chain of Iran's food industry has with the occurrence of a ripple effect, in this research the reasons for such an effect were investigated for the first time. Modelling and scenario analysis of the causes of the ripple effect was also performed for the first time.

The supply chain of the food industry is crucial for countries, yet it is vulnerable to disruptions caused by natural disasters like floods, frost, and heatwaves, as well as operational shutdowns. These disruptions can trigger a ripple effect throughout the food supply chain, posing significant challenges for the country. Therefore, it is imperative to identify and analyze strategies to mitigate the ripple effect. This research has been conducted in two stages: qualitative and quantitative. The qualitative stage aimed to identify coping strategies, employing thematic analysis. The quantitative stage involved scenario modeling and analysis using fuzzy cognitive maps. The findings revealed 84 primary codes grouped into 21 sub-categories and 4 main categories: "Strategic Management," "Operations Management," "Compilation and Correct Implementation of Laws," and "Supply Chain Management." Analysis of backward scenarios underscored the importance of "supplier relationship management," "cooperation and coordination in the supply chain," and "contingency plans." Conversely, analysis of forward scenarios highlighted the significance of "monitoring environmental changes" and "strategic planning." Focusing on short-term plans, enhancing managers' decision-making and problem-solving skills, refining supplier selection criteria, optimizing supply network design with backup locations, and maintaining safety stock for critical goods are recommended actions for industry stakeholders.

Today, with the growing demand for hybrid electric vehicles in microgrids, electricity supply, environmental issues, and rescheduling are among the challenges of microgrids that must be solved and suitable solutions provided. To overcome these challenges, this paper introduces a new multi-objective optimization model, which in the first objective, minimizes the total operation cost of the microgrid, and in the second objective, improves the reliability index by reducing the amount of energy not supplied. Due to these two objectives, a multi-objective evolutionary seagull optimization algorithm is used to find the optimal global solutions. In this regard, hybrid electric vehicles and demand response programs are used to smooth out distribution nodal prices and reduce CO2 emissions. The 69-bus distribution network has been used to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed method.

This article examines and identifies the tombstone of the late Seyyed Rouhollah Kashfi Darabi and discusses how to carry out its restoration, reconstruction, and display. The necessity and importance of this research is the attention to the conservation and restoration of outdoor stone artefacts in the museum that are exposed to environmental factors in open areas. This has been accomplished through laboratory studies identifying stones using petrographic methods and examining similar past experiences in the region through field and library research. After documenting, analyzing, and evaluating the intervention and reconstruction methods, the incomplete interventions of previous restorations were cleaned up and rectified. In continuation, the reconstruction of the tombstone was carried out using silicone molds and polyester resin. The restoration intervention was done by examining and comparing various reconstruction methods for such works and the less-considered idea was innovatively implemented by reconstructing the missing parts with polyester resin (simulating marble stone) while considering technical and aesthetic principles. Finally, conservation and restoration measures were carried out using 4% Paraloid B-72 as a coating-stabilizer and it was entrusted to the technical office of Tabriz Islamic Art University with arrangements for display and conceptual space. Despite the positive aspects of the reconstruction measures in terms of technical and aesthetic principles, due to the location of the artifact in the outdoor environment and exposed to destructive environmental factors, follow-up researches are needed to investigate the behaviour of stone and restoration materials.

Air pollution is one of the most harmful natural hazards in Tehran metropolitan. Particles with a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) as one of the most harmful pollutants have endangered the health of people living in Tehran. One of the PM2.5 estimation techniques is the use of Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) products derived from satellite observations. Various AOD products are retrieved with different algorithms that do not have the same accuracy and spatial resolution. Due to the differences in many assumptions and approximations adopted in the AOD retrieval process, the generated AOD products involve uncertainties. This issue reduces the accuracy of PM2.5 concentration estimation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of fusing AOD products obtained from MODIS sensor observations (retrieved by Deep Blue and Dark Target algorithms) to estimate PM2.5 more accurately. First, the performance of different machine learning algorithms in estimating PM2.5 from AOD data was evaluated. As a result, the XGBoost algorithm with the highest performance was selected as the base model for PM2.5 estimation. Then, the AOD products were fused using a weighted averaging based on the retrieval quality of the primary products. Finally, the fused AOD product along with meteorological data were employed to estimate PM2.5 using XGboost. The results demonstrated that the accuracy of PM2.5 estimation from the fused AOD product is better than when the AOD products are used individually (= 0.77, MAE = 7.00 , RMSE = 9.59 ). Thus, the retrieval quality of AOD products will lead to more accurate estimation of PM2.5 in the end.

Nader Ebrahimi, one of Iran's greatest contemporary writers, follows a personal and special style in his works. The book "Sufianehā and Arefanehā" is one of his valuable monuments in the field of mystical literature and the novel "The City I Loved Again" is one of his most brilliant works in the field of fiction. Examining the content of the two mentioned works is the main subject of this research. The author appears in the role of a literary critic in "Sufianehā and Arefanehā" and analyzes the book's structure and content. This work is Ebrahimi's only writing about Sophia and, in fact, the analytical history of five thousand years of Iranian fiction literature and a clear example of the connection between mystical literature and the art of storytelling. The novel "The City I Loved Again" is narrated from the perspective of the hero and the main character of the story, the farmer's son. Although this novel has a logical plot, the author's neglect of some points weakens the plot to some extent. Ebrahimi has a practical view of dynamic mysticism in the book "Sufianehā and Arefanehā" and "Once again the city that I loved" is one of the most brilliant and successful after Hoshang Golshiri's novel "Shāzdeh Ehtejāb" in terms of using the flow of mental fluid. The novels are considered and introduce Ebrahimi as a powerful writer and a master of style. The study and comparison of Nader Ebrahimi's two different works shows the confrontation of the author's thought in different states and the breadth of his thinking and his mastery of Iranian and mystical culture, and finally shows the fluid flow and school of mysticism in this culture.

As a social capital, youths are the driving force of a country, and if they are properly planned and trained, they can act as an active force in raising the high goals of the society. But in some areas, including marginal areas, due to geographical conditions, lack of service, poverty, the prevalence of delinquency and addiction, etc., young people are exposed to all kinds of social harm. In the present study, by studying the background of the research and sources, we have extracted the dimensions of youth empowerment in Ali Ibn Abitaleb Neighbourhood (Arak City) by preparing a questionnaire. This research is descriptive-analytical and practical in terms of purpose. The sample size was determined according to the statistical population of this neighborhood using Cochran's formula. According to the census 2015, the population of the area was 37,249 people. First, questionnaires were distributed (online and manually) among young people, after completing the questionnaire, 200 people were selected according to the variance obtained from the initial sample. The data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software. The results indicate that the environmental factor has the highest factor load with a weight of 0.94. Also, the factor of personal context with a factor load of 0.84 is in the next order, which indicates the existence of a high context for empowerment programs among young people.

MicroRNAs (miRNA) are a group of small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the RNA level. MicroRNAs have positive regulatory effects on protein translation processes and often induce their performance by binding to the 3'-UTR mRNA region. Also, microRNAs are involved in various cellular processes, including development, cell division, cell signaling, and cell growth, and generally play an effective role in the cell cycle and control of physiological processes and cell pathology. Several studies confirm that microRNAs play an important role in the initiation and progression of cancer, and many of them act as oncogenes and tumor suppressors. On the other hand, microRNAs are important stimulating factors that can act as biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of various types of cancer, and in many cases, the occurrence of mutations in microRNAs and open-reading templates can lead to cancer. MicroRNAs also play an effective role in regulating gene expression. Biological studies have shown that about 30% of all genes and the majority of genetic pathways are regulated by microRNAs. In general, microRNAs and their target molecules are potential biological goals for primary screening, targeted treatment, and pharmaceutical resistance, and identifying them provides a clear prospect for a better understanding of the pathways leading to cancer.

Cancer is one of the most complex and common diseases affected by many factors. In recent years, many studies have been conducted on the genetic characteristics of cancer, among which we can mention lncRNA Long Non-Coding RNAs, which effectively eliminate cancer tumors. LncRNAs are non-coding protein transcripts with a length of more than 200 nucleotides that react with other molecules through their unique structure and affect many cellular processes and chemical reactions in this way; they act as tumor suppressors and oncogenes in tumorigenic responses. On the other hand, lncRNAs play an essential role in cell proliferation, apoptosis, regulation of gene expression at different epigenetic levels of transcription, post-transcription, and interaction of molecules with other vital factors such as DNA, proteins, and other RNAs. Some lncRNAs can react with enzymes that change the state of chromatin and increase the transcriptional activity of some genes or turn off another group of genes. Also, lncRNAs are present in essential processes such as directing ribonucleoprotein complexes, regulating alternating processing, and maintaining the state of multipotency. Examining the function of lncRNAs has greatly impacted the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer cells. This review closely examines recent research on the use of lncRNAs in progression as clinical biomarkers and promising therapeutic targets in cancer.

Achieving reality-based valuation of innovative companies is an undeniable challenge for the founders and investors of innovation. The purpose of this study is to model a logical, innovative and scalable approach to valuing innovative companies. In this way, by selecting the Earning Before Interest and Tax (EBIT) of the studied innovative company, as a state variable and simulating its future income flows based on Arithmetic Brownian Motion (ABM) standard and using the framework of Real Option Valuation (ROV) method, the valuation model was created. The accuracy and efficiency of this model was proved by extracting the data of the fiscal years from 1392 to 1395 of Gamron Petro Industry Exchange Company and comparing the results of the model with the market value of the company in Tehran Stock Exchange. On the other hand, in order to test the effect of real interest rate on the model results, by defining three different values of real interest rate, the effect of real interest rate fluctuation on the model evaluation results was investigated. Thus, the high flexibility of the model using the method of real option valuation is fully reflected in the research results.

Autophagy is an effective regulatory process for eliminating tumors and worn-out intracellular components. Different groups of enzymes and regulatory elements are involved in the autophagy process. MAP1LC3A and BECN1 genes are the most important gene groups in autophagy. These genes, through the production of beclin-1 and lc3 proteins, are involved in the production of autophagosomes. In general, both MAP1LC3A and BECN1 genes are active in cellular responses and the biological process. The aim of this study was bioinformatics analysis at the level of genome and proteome and to evaluate and compare the expression of MAP1LC3A and BECN1 genes in different human body tissues. The results of this study showed that the expression level of the BECN1 gene was relatively higher than the MAP1LC3A gene in different mammals. Cell analysis of MAP1LC3A and BECN1 genes by antibodies that bind to proteins of target genes showed that the protein encoded by the BECN1 gene is more present in the cytosol and the proteins encoded by MAP1LC3A gene are locally present in vesicles. It was also found that the protein encoded by the MAP1LC3A gene had a higher expression in brain tissues than in other tissues, while the beclin-1 protein in cardiac tissue showed higher expression than in other tissues. Finally, by using this information, it is possible to provide the ground for targeted therapies.

Revival of any old scientific and Edi work is missing link Binding connects our spiritual and cultural life and the way of researching and following in cultural works and obtaining the path of literary and civic developments and discussion and discussion in words and grammar, provides the meanings of language expression. Considerable literature in the field of mysticism and Sufism has remained from the Qajar period Identifying them is a big step in understanding the evolution of Persian literature and its various type One of the valuable reserves of this period is the Exir-al-jonoon and Tahrir-al-fonoon poem Content analysis and introduction of the work is the main purpose of this article.

Current article Based on Analytical Method (Language and content analysis). Done with library tools scope and community studied the only manuscript of Exir-al-jonoon and Tahrir-al-fonoon poem is a relic of thirteen the century AH, wich is Kept in the Malek library.

The Exir-al-jonoon and Tahrir-al-fonoon of madness is a completely mystical poem in terms of content and it is composed in imitation of Rumi"s Masnavi in an allegorical and allusive way. From the literary point of view, Application of various literary industries, illustrations and the use of forms of meanings in order to simplify and expressing the mystical and religious themes of Arabic poetry and beautiful Bilingual poem the poet"s attention to the verbal and spiritual aspects of speech and the frequency of expressive and visual elements is higher. Intellectually, it is an introverted work and has described concepts such as the unity of existence and the terms Sufism. It is linguistically simple and often has Khorasani style features and generally inside in the style of literary return Explaining the mystical principles of ethics with the tools of storytelling is one of the features of this system.

The Exir-al-jonoon and Tahrir-al-fonoon poem, expresses the growth and prevalence of Islamic mysticism and Sufism and the approach of poets to mystical literature along with other types of literature in the Qajar period. Although the poet imitates the past, in Shiite issues he separates his way from theAncestors. He considers religion to include three times the law of the way and the truth. This poem can be used for researchers and those interested in Persian poetry and literature, the history of the evolution of Islamic mysticism and Sufism in the Qajar era. Folk and fiction literature of hadith and religious narrations can be useful by giving a detailed description of the work and referring to the poetry of different poets.

Different groups of enzymes and regulatory elements are involved in the synthesis of Ribodioside A, which is one of the most important sweetening compounds in stevia. The UGT family (UDP-glycosyltransferase) is a group of regulatory genes that are very effective in converting steviol glycoside to Ribodioside A. Bioinformatics analyses on this gene family, which included the UGT74G1, UGT76G1, and UGT85C2 genes, showed that the protein encoded by these genes had a UDPGT protected protein domain. Also, the study of the secondary structure of these proteins showed that the total corrosion of these proteins is mainly from alpha-helix and random screws or loops that are connected with linear strands. Also, the study of the secondary structure of these proteins showed that the total corrosion of these proteins is mainly from alpha-helix and random screws or loops that are connected with linear strands. The results of studying the three-dimensional structure of the studied proteins confirmed the previous findings of high genomic similarity between these proteins. The results of the ProtScale program showed that the abundance of amino acids with negative hydropathicity in the sequence of these proteins is high, which is effective in creating plant resistance to drought stress. Finally, the codon preference trend of these proteins was investigated using the sequence manipulation suite database. This information can be used for other research, including the transfer of these proteins.

Today, computer games have become one of the most demanded goods in the world, to the extent that it has surpassed the cinema industry in terms of income and is evolving and developing every year, now with the expansion of urbanization and increasing urban population, new means of communication They have changed the lifestyle of the city dwellers and it can even be said that they have created a new culture. So urban policy should be towards normalizing life and taking the city out of various crises. In the meantime, smartphones have played a very important role in changing the behavior of some citizens and have taken them out of the way of normal life to the point that they spend a lot of time with people of all ages. Android games that are installed on these devices have caused many teenagers and young people to turn to this tool to use Android games. Something that today has become a tool to achieve the goals of some countries to make them for the group, they send to a certain class or country. But the onset of the corona epidemic in late 2019 has led to widespread use of the tool by young people and adolescents. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to examine Android games in the Corona era and the possibilities of post-Corona, in addition to the problems of the Corona epidemic, what should be considered in urban policy. This study aims to evaluate the spread of computer games. Is in the corona and post-corona eras and the policy is transient towards the future. The research method is field and with the completion of 190 questionnaires, a one-sample t-test was used to analyze the data. And young people were approved by parents (significance level is less than 0.05) and parents believed that Corona caused children to use Android games a lot, which by reducing the distance from sports, physical fitness decreased and their social isolation increased. Has found and Android games have become a factor for their enjoyment. This is while they have stated that the rate of social interaction (with a coefficient of -2.07) is moderate (less than the desired limit, ie the number 3). Adolescents and young people in the post-corona are likely to return to normal playtime, and in the post-corona the possibility of normalizing social interaction, getting out of isolation, substituting healthy pleasures, physical fitness, and high-level control, and more. Is from the average.

Gastric cancer is the abnormal growth of stomach cells. The symptoms of this disease include difficulty in swallowing, heartburn, stomach pain, indigestion, nausea, vomiting, and blood in the stool. Gastric cancer is a multifactorial and genetic disease, and many genes and factors are involved in it. DCC and CDH1 are the genes silenced by hypermethylation in gastric cancer and play an influential role in suppressing gastric cancer tumors. The aim of this study was bioinformatics analysis at the genome and proteome level and evaluation and comparison of the expression of DCC and CDH1 genes in different human body tissues. The results of this study showed that the CDH1 gene is more expressed in the thyroid gland and Parathyroid gland and the DCC gene is more expressed in the testis, hippocampal formation, basal ganglia, midbrain, cerebral cortex, and hypothalamus. The expression analysis of these genes showed that both genes generally are more active in glands and have little expression in other body organs. Cellular analysis of DCC and CDH1 genes by antibodies that bind to the proteins of the target genes showed that both genes are active in the Golgi apparatus, with the difference that the DCC gene is more present in the nucleus and the CDH1 gene is more present in the plasma membrane. The expression level of the CDH1 gene is relatively higher than that of the DCC gene. Also, phenotypic studies of the DCC gene showed that this gene is related to colorectal cancer, and it was found that the CDH1 gene is effective in Blepharocheilodontic syndrome 1. Finally, considering the role of CDH1 and DCC genes as tumor suppressor genes, these items can be used for targeted treatments in gastric cancer.

Treatises have important insights about poets and writers. Writing treatises is one of the most common types of literature in the subcontinent. Unfortunately, many of these treatises are still in the form of manuscript and may be destroyed. One of these treatises is Khazine-ye Ganj-e Elahi (the Treasury of Divine Treasure) written by Mir Emad al-Din Mahmoud Elahi Asadabadi, one of the poets of the 11th century, which has been found in various sources, sometimes in Elahi Hamedani’s and sometimes in Elahi Sa’dabadi’s, and the present article introduces his work.

Magnetic behavior of Co/Al2O3 catalyst in Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis is performed using a magnetically fixed bed reactor. X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM) method, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) method are used to analyze the catalyst. Magnetic field of 0.015 T is suggested for CO hydrogenation on Co/Al2O3 catalyst with fixed bed reactor. Significant effects of magnetic fields are observed in the FT reaction of CO hydrogenation over Co/Al2O3 catalyst. The CO conversion value increases from 78% to 86% at 250 oC with external magnetic field. The apparent activation energy of FT reaction (102.33kJ/mol without external magnetic field) is reduced (96.45 kJ/mol with applying external magnetic field), and the catalytic activity of Co/Al2O3 catalyst is improved by applying the external magnetic fields during FT process at low temperatures (200-250 oC). The results indicated that the external magnetic fields improved both the rate of reaction and catalytic selectivity to desired hydrocarbons on Co/Al2O3 catalyst.

The performance of a pluralistic extension and advisory system is strongly influenced by the presence of multidisciplinary professional actors and their executive interactions for synergistic achievements in a balanced institutional framework. The specific purpose of this study was to explore the institutional boundary of Iranian pluralistic extension system and the extent to which the multiple providers interact with each other in implementation of related programs. A sequential mixed methods research was developed. Qualitative data were collected via semi-structured interviews, and were analyzed by theme analysis. Quantitative data were gathered using a researcher-made questionnaire and were analyzed by social network analysis. According to the qualitative findings, multiple service providers were classified into 21 distinctive institutional categories. Also, findings showed that the current executive network was not satisfactory in terms of institutional coherence, such that a few dominant providers were very influential in the center, while most of the others had little linkages and thus power at the margin of the extension network. Such a highly centralized network is unsustainable and vulnerable from different viewpoints and cannot fulfill the tasks expected from extension system in Iranian heterogeneous agriculture sector. In this regard, establishing a multi-sectoral institutional platform to focus on enhancing mutual coordination and combining collective actions is recommended as an important structural adjustment in the current extension system. To this end, facilitating roles of the public extension agency as the most influential actor of the existing extension network will be extremely significant.

Nowadays, due to the decline in oil supplies on the one hand and raising the price of petroleum, on the other hand, countries have led to other sources of fuel and energy. The use of methods such as the production of light hydrocarbons from synthesis gas is highly regarded by the Fischer-Tropsch process, in these countries. This process is performed by heterogeneous catalysts, which consist of two parts. The first part is a catalyst support (generally porous and made of silica) and the second is an active phase, which is generally made of metal. In fact, the catalyst is the heart of Fischer -Tropsch process. In this study, iron-cobalt-cerium tri-metallic nano-catalyst based on silica was prepared by the wet impregnation method. The catalyst was tested in a fixed bed micro-reactor and a wide range of products was analyzed by GC technique. By increasing temperature, the CO conversion was increased and the efficiency of products was improved. Finally, the structure of nano-catalyst was characterized using the technique of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to realize the particle size and surface properties of the catalyst.

In this research, the nonlinear buckling analysis of Functionally Graded (FG) nano-composite beam reinforced by various distributions of Boron Nitrid Nanotube (BNNT) is investigated under electro-thermodynamical loading with considering initial geometrical imperfection. The analysis is performed based on nonlocal elasticity theory and using the Finite Element Method (FEM). Various distributions of BNNT along the beam’s thickness are considered as uniform and decreasing-increasing functionally graded; and the extended mixture model is used to estimate the properties of nano-composite beam. The elastic medium around the smart nano-composite beam is modeled as elastic foundation. The governing equations of equilibrium are derived using energy method and nonlocal elasticity theory; and the critical buckling load is obtained for various boundary conditions such as simply-simply supported (S-S) and clamped-clamped (C-C) using the FEM. The results indicate that with an increase in the geometrical imperfection parameter, the stiffness of nano-composite beam increases and consequently the stability of the system increases. The effect of FG-X distribution type is more than uniform distributions. Also, the critical buckling load of nano-composite beam increases with an increase in the electric field and elastic foundation.

Marine algae are shown to contain a wide range of bioactive compounds, which have commercial application in pharmaceutical, medical, cosmetic, nutraceutical, food and agricultural industries. The biological activity of the natural bio-active compounds in algae has wide effects on bacteria, tumors and antioxidant activities. The purpose of this study was to determine antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the marine algae. The ethanol extracts of three species of green, brown and red algae were done by soaking method from northern coast of the Persian Gulf in Busheher province. Antibacterial activity of L. monocytogenes and E. Coli were performed using disk diffusion and well method, and also antioxidant activities of ethanol extracts of added three species accomplished using DPPH, FRAP and PMB tests. The highest antioxidant activity was belonged to brown algae C. trinodis. Meanwhile Algae extraction was not revealed antibacterial activity against E. coli, but showed antibacterial activity against L. monocytogenes. In this study algae species was exhibited excellent antioxidant activity when compared with their antibacterial effects. The highest anti-oxidant activitie was found in brown algae C. trinodis.

Patients with thalassemia experience complex symptoms and encounter many physical and mental problems. This problems can affect their quality of life. This study is carried out to find the relationship between psychological characteristics and the quality of life of patients with thalassemia. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted to determine the psychological reactions and quality of life of patients with thalassemia in Kerman. The instruments for data gathering were DASS (42) and Quality of life (SF 36). Data analyses were done by central indexes, chi2, ANOVA, and t-test. The results showed that 49.3% were male and 50.7 % female. The age range varied from 15 to 22.6 years. The results of 8 domains of the quality of life indicates that the score of physical domain was higher than the mental domain (p < 0.0001). The results regarding the psychological reactions showed that the patients had levels of “depression, anxiety, and stress” with 44.9%, 53.6%, and 50.7%, respectively. The results also showed there were significant differences between the quality of life and psychological reactions of patients. The results showed the patients were at risk of psychological problems and the poor quality of life in mental domains; thus, all domains of quality of life and mental problems of patients must be considered by caregivers, and holistic care of patients also should be one of the priorities of caring and curing.

Kangan and Dalan formations are one of main resevoir rocks in Fars structural province in Iran south. in XXP gas field available fractures in Kangan formation have main effect on drilling mud loss. Although shale rate change of reservoir rock units is a key factor in control of fractures distribution in upright direction. But lateral distinction in reservoir rock leakage is affected by opening amount of intersection fractures. During 31 wells drilling in TBK, drilling mud loss has occurred in 12 wells. Drilling mud loss in these wells has been observed in Kangan formation and in anticline axis range. On the basis of surface studies and EMI images’ interpretation, two major groups of fractures with non tectonic origin have been recognized in XXP anticline. These fractures have geometric characteristics including Dr. 150/80, Dr. 240/80. Two desired fracture groups are crossover and vertical on layered surface. These fractures are co-direction and intersection type with main fractures of southern Pars field. Desired fractures have evolved by the effect of upper layers’ weight before folding. Fracture Intersection have been stretched in fold axis range by folding effect and extra opening has been occurred on their surface. Extra opening of fractures intersection in fold axis range has caused drilling mud loss increase in this part of the field.

Antioxidant and antibacterial potential of hydro-alcoholic extracts of 3 marine green, brown and red algae species were investigated.According to the Trolex antioxidant potential test, Entreromorpha intestinalis (green algae) and Gracilaria corticata (red algae) showed the highest and the lowest amounts of total phenol and the best antioxidant activity, respectively. In this test, the most inhibitory percent were calculated in green algae and the lowest percent were from Cystoseiramyrica (brown algae). According to the Azinobis ethyl thiazolinesolphonic test (ABTS, 50mg/ml), green algae and brown algae showed the highest and the lowest amounts of total phenol and the best antioxidant activity, respectively. Hydro-alcoholic extracts from these different species had no antibacterial effect on two species of bacteria, which were tested in this study.