فهرست مطالب amir hesam rahimi

Enjoying the benefits of physical activity requires an active lifestyle and a continuous participation in a variety of physical activities. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the effective factors of institutionalizing leisure-time physical activity which was based on institutionalization theory.

This qualitative research method was in exploratory type and in the terms of purpose was functional which was conducted in the field format. Participants in the present study (16 people) were people who had continuous physical activity for at least 5 years (three sessions per week) and this behavior was institutionalized in them. These participants were selected through purposive sampling and snowball method to reach the theoretical saturation point. The data collection tool was the semi-structured interview and then a coding method was used to analyze the data of the interviews.

The results of the research led to the discovery of 21 factors, including gaining internal and external rewards and satisfying the sense of competition in the habituation phase, promoting physical activity and its results for others, and forming and leading sports groups in the objectification phase and gaining social popularity and role models. Others were in the process of depositing the process of institutionalization of physical activity in leisure time.

By recognizing, planning and creating mechanisms for the operation of these factors, as well as adopting strategies for experiencing these situations by members of society, the process of institutionalization of physical activity in leisure time can be facilitated for individuals and ultimately for a society as a whole and a healthy and active community would be witnessed.

Enjoying the benefits of physical activity requires having an active lifestyle and continuous participation in various types of physical activity, especially leisure time physical activity, and ultimately its institutionalization in individuals. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify effective factors on institutionalizing leisure time physical activity and presenting a model. The research method was mixed in type of exploratory that was performed in two parts: qualitative, quantitative, and field method. The statistical population in the qualitative and quantitative sections were all people who had continuous physical activity for 5 years in their leisure time. The interview was conducted with 16 people by snowball method until theoretical saturation was achieved in the qualitative section. According to Morgan table, 384 people were selected through convenience sampling. The collection tools in the qualitative part was the interview and in the quantitative part was the questionnaire from the interview. Their validity and reliability were examined. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient, exploratory factor analysis and second-order confirmatory factor analysis) were used to analyze the data. The results showed that a total of 27 factors have an impact on the institutionalization of leisure time physical activity that by recognizing, planning and creating mechanisms for operationalization of these factors can facilitate the process of institutionalization of leisure time physical activity in the community and witnessed a healthy and dynamic society.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors influencing the mistakes of referees of League 1 and Iranian Premier League. The research method of this study was survey and purposeful. The statistical population of this study consisted of all the referees of Iranian Football League 1 and Premier League in 2019-20 (N = 165). The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was calculated by exploratory factor analysis and its reliability by Cronbach's alpha (α = 0.93). One-sample t-test and repeated measures analysis of variance were used to analyze the data using SPSS software. The results showed that except for the environmental factor, other factors including: individual, educational, managerial and economic, had a significant effect on the errors of referees of League One and Premier League and also these components had significant differences with each other. Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that: By controlling the physical and mental status of the referees, conducting more training and justification sessions throughout the season, adjusting the referees' rights to the whole world and paying it on time and using managers. Sport and training in the field of refereeing of Iranian football can create conditions that are less likely to see the referees' mistakes in judging and referees to reach the desired level of referees day by day.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of culture in preventing betting in sport.

The research method was analytical descriptive which was performed by field study method and practical for the purpose. The statistical population of the study consisted of experts related to the fields of culture and sport (faculty members and Ph.D. students in social sciences, education, culture, sociology, psychology, sports science, and religious sciences). A total of 217 individuals were selected as research sample Available sampling method was selected. Research measurement instrument was including a self-made questionnaire which its face validity and content validity with exact considering of study literature and asking experts and authorities on the topic. In edition questionnaire reliability was measured by the Cranach’s alpha (α =0.94). Following methods were used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics methods including average and standard deviation, inferential statistics method including the Pearson correlation coefficient and exploration factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis.

The research findings showed that the most important roles of culture in preventing betting included fundamental values (0.90), socialization and behavioral control (0.89), identity (0.86), creation Change (0.82), motivational factors and factors (0.78) and social stability (0.67).

According to research findings, it can be concluded that having a rich culture and developing it at all levels of society can be used to prevent betting in sport.

The present study aims at investigating the factors affecting the attendance of Iran National Football Team fans in 2018 FIFA World Cup based on the “consumed values” theory. The method was analytically descriptive and applied from objective perspective which was conducted in the field. The population included all Iranian fans attending the Russia during the 2018 FIFA World Cup. Due to lack of accurate statistics on them, 384 persons were selected randomly by accessible sampling technique based on the table developed by Krejcie and Morgan for unknown population. The measurement tools included a researcher-made questionnaire of which the validity and reliability was confirmed through taking the professors and experts (10 persons) opinions while reviewing closely the context and literature. Its reliability was also calculated by Cronbach’s alpha (0.84). To analyse the data, descriptive statistics (mean, SD) and inferential statistical methods (Pearson correlation coefficient, exploratory factor analysis and second order confirmatory factor analysis) were used. Results showed that the most important reason for attendance of fans in stadiums are emotional, social, cognitive, conditional and functional factors with load factors of 0.98, 0.94, 0.91, 0.85, 0.64, respectively. Emotional values and nationalism are among the factors that explain the presence of fans in national team matches globally, far more than other values used by fans at lower levels. This has led fans to neglect obstacles such as distance, economic size, weather conditions, ticket prices and housing conditions, and to attend the stadium to attend the World Cup in these places is synonymous with pride national and social image.

The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of information systems on sporting goods marketing based on the mix model. 440 students who had sport insurance were selected as the sample. A researcher-made questionnaire with 27 items was used; eventually, 23 items (mixed price 6 items, product 6 items, advertising 4 items, and distribution 7 items) were selected after its construct reliability was confirmed. Content and face validity of the questionnaire were confirmed by professors’ viewpoints; its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (0.91) and its construct validity was confirmed by measurement model test. Data were analyzed by 3 methods Friedman, Topsis and SAW. In order to achieve a similar result, an aggregation of three prioritizing methods (average, Borda, Copland) was achieved by a minor ranking collection. The results showed that information systems had better performance than other items examined in mix marketing components in introducing products at different prices, introducing products tailored to the needs of customers, providing advertisements from different brands and finally introducing the easiest route to access the product in question.

This paper aimed to identify and prioritize the influential factors on promotion of sport for all in the dormitories. The research was a survey based, applied research in regard to its method and purpose, respectively. The statistical group consists of students residing in the dormitories of eight southern east national universities of Iran (N=16227), of whom the number of 368 individuals comprise the statistical sample were male and 375 of them were female. Sampling was conducted via the stratified convenience method. The research tool was a questionnaire devised by the authors, for which its validity was evaluated by factor analysis and its reliability with Cronbach’s Alpha of (∝=0.89). For data analysis, the one sample T-test and hierarchical analysis methods were used. The findings indicated that all of the identified factors significantly influenced the promotion of sport for all in the student’s dormitories. Prioritization of the factors conducted through the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy process) method for males were respectively: the structural factor, time, management, individual and cultural and for females were respectively: the structural factor, management, and time, cultural and individual. According to the obtained results of the research, it can be concluded that by planning and concentrating on the influential factors on the promotion of sport for all in student’s dormitories, a proper environment for more enthusiastic attitudes of the students towards sport for all can be achieved.