azadeh nasiri

Polyamines prolong longevity due to their role in cell proliferation and are regarded as an essential group of anti-aging substances that reduce the risk of cardiovascular, neurological, and chronic inflammatory illnesses, as well as cancer. Because of its importance in growth and tissue regeneration, discovering polyamine-rich sources has gotten a lot of interest. Given the role of polyamines in controlling plant growth and physiological changes in the spring after cold winter stress, high polyamine concentrations in quickly growing plant tissues such as flowers, blossoms, and germs are possible. Based on this premise, five different spring flowers were selected and isolated from relevant plants, dried, and then quantified for the first time using an accurate, simple, and repeatable quantification method, liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. According to the amount of spermidine found in the samples investigated in this study, dried flower powders of Wisteria sinensis (244.18 µg/g), Lonicera caprifolium (217.28 µg/g), and Jasminum officinale (200.33 µg/g) appear to be a good source of spermidine. With additional research, W. sinensis dried flower powder is a good source of polyamines, whereas L. caprifolium and J. officinale dried flower powders are recommended as a rich source of spermidine for the preparation of natural supplements for people over the age of 30 to improve cell proliferation and anti-aging.

Dysmenorrhea is usually cramped in nature and focuses on the lower abdomen and is a common disorder that manifests during the menstrual cycle and interferes with a person's daily activities. The present study was performed with aim to compare the effect of the medicinal plant of marigold and mefenamic acid on the pain of patients with primary dysmenorrhea.

This randomized clinical trial study with a control group was conducted in 2018 on 80 girls aged 18-25 years who referred to Khomein health centers. The subjects were divided into two groups: intervention (recipient of amaranth drops) and control (recipient of mefenamic acid capsule) (n=40 in each group) and drugs were taken for 2 months. Before the intervention and during 2 months, the primary dysmenorrhea pain score was evaluated by a visual pain measure including a pain ruler and a pain descriptive form and then were compared. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 19) and independent t, paired t and Wilcoxon tests. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Based on the results of Wilcoxon test, the pain intensity score before the intervention and after 1 and 2 months of consumption was significant in both groups (p≤0.001). Based on the results of independent t-tests and paired t-tests, there was a significant difference in the mean number of pain days (pain duration) before and after the intervention in the two groups (p≤0.001), and the duration of pain had decreased in the test group during the first and second month after the intervention.

Marigold medicinal plant and mefenamic acid reduced the duration of dysmenorrhea pain compared to before treatment, therefore, the use of marigold along with mefenamic acid is recommended in the treatment of dysmenorrhea.

Aldehydes are compounds that are widely used and popular in organic synthesis due to their high reactivity. This advantage is a disadvantage in medicinal chemistry. Due to the ability of aldehydes to participate in nucleophilic reactions (especially in aqueous biological media) and access to nucleophiles such as amino acids and nucleic acids, drugs with aldehyde functional groups are always used with caution and carefully quantified in biological fluids. Our experience in working on biologically active aldehydes indicates the transformation of these groups of compounds in aqueous or alcoholic solution and thus the failure of analytical methods for their accurate monitoring in such media. Both mass spectrometry and Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic findings indicate the reaction of spiramycin with water molecules in an aqueous solution, resulting in the conversion of spiramycin to a new molecule with 18 mass unit difference and thus, the residue amount which is measured and reported based on a mass spectrometries method does not show the correct amount of spiramycin in these samples.

This study is intended to investigate the effect of shareholder diversity and value of controlling shareholders on order imbalances and stock price effects concerning the moderating role of shareholder trust-based behavior. The statistical population of the research included companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange during 2014 to 2018, of which 109 companies were selected as a statistical sample through systematic sampling method by elimination. The present applied study follows correlational research method for the data collection of which financial statements, explanatory notes and stock exchange monthly were employed. In order to analyze the data, the researchers first examined the normality of the data by pre-test (Jark-Bra test), and then, they used the multivariate regression test to confirm or reject the research hypotheses through EViews software. The results indicated that shareholder confidence-based behavior moderates the effect of shareholder diversity and shareholder value on controlling imbalances and stock price effects.

Marital infidelity is a problem that severely affects peoplechr('39')s lives and is one of the main causes of divorce. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Schema Therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on communication and problem solving skills and mental health in couples with marital infidelity.
The present study is an experimental one with pre-test and post-test design. Among couples facing marital infidelity in Qain in 1997, 30 individuals were selected by convenience sampling and were randomly assigned to two experimental groups of 15 each. One experimental group received 8 sessions of 90 minutes with schema therapy and one group received 8 sessions of 90 minutes with cognitive behavioral therapy. The groups completed the Mental Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and communication skills and problem solving questionnaire as pre-test and post-test. One-way and multivariate analysis of variance was used to analyze the data.
The mean score of mental health in the pre-test was 146/04 and the post-test was 03/109 in the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Experimental group, and in the Schema Therapy Experimental group was 133.07 and in the Post-test it was 63.01(p<0.01). and this difference in the control group in pre-test 65 and in post-test 152.30 which had no significant difference. The mean score of communication skills in the pre-test and post-test was 1.4000 and in the cognitive behavioral therapy test group was 4.4000 and in the Schema therapy group was 1.2000 and in the post test it was 4.7000 and the difference was significant (p<0.01)and this rate in the control group in pre-test9.000 and post-test 8.7500 which were not significantly different.
Mean score of problem solving in pre-test and post-test 0.8000 and 5.5000 in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and experimental groups respectively.
Schema therapy in pre-test and post-test were 1.95000 and 5.8700 and the difference was significant (p<0.01).
There were no significant differences in pre-test and 8.4400 and post-test 8.9500.
The results support the effect of two methods of cognitive-behavioral therapy and schema therapy on increasing mental health and communication and problem-solving skills.

In this study, we focused on the neuro-behavioral profile, toxicity, and ‎possible mechanisms of action of ‎ Dorema ammoniacum gum essential oil (DAG-EO). For this purpose, passive avoidance and Y-maze tests were performed to evaluate the potential effect ‎of DAG-EO in the attenuation of memory impairment induced by 49 days administration of D-‎galactose and acute injection of scopolamine. Anticonvulsant and anti-nociceptive activities of DAG-EO were evaluated in the pentylenetetrazole and ‎maximal electroshock-induced models of seizure and acetic acid-induced writhing tests, respectively. ‎To find the possible mechanism of action, flumazenil and naloxone were used. ‎Furthermore, the possible side effects were determined in the open field, grip strength, and ‎rotarod tests. Our findings supported that 7-day administration of DAG-EO (50 and 100 mg/kg) improves memory impairment induced following administration of D-galactose and scopolamine. It was also revealed that DAG-EO possesses a dose-dependent sedative-hypnotic (100 mg/kg), anticonvulsant (ED50 ≈ 170 mg/kg), and anti-nociceptive (ED50 ≈ 175 mg/kg) ‎activities possibly mediated via directly and/or indirectly modulation of GABAA and opioid receptors. No side effect was observed except muscle relaxation which was less than that of diazepam. The output of this study confirms anti-seizure, anti-nociceptive, sedative-hypnotic, and memory-enhancing properties of DAG-EO by modulation of GABAA receptors.

Antidepressant-like activity of T. kotschyanus has been recently reported by scientists but insufficient attention has ‎so far been devoted to T. kotschyanus, and there is a lack of information on the other neurobehavioral effects and ‎side effects of this species. In the current study, the anticonvulsant, anxiolytic and sedative-hypnotic, effects of ‎Thymus kotschyanus extract on male NMRI mice were evaluated using pentylenetetrazole, maximal electroshock, ‎elevated plus maze, and pentobarbital-induced sleeping tests. Since phenolic compounds and flavonoids have main ‎roles in pharmacological effects of most plant extracts, the phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extract were ‎measured with Folin-Ciocalteu and AlCl3 reagents. Acute toxicity, passive avoidance, and open field tests were ‎carried out to assess the toxicity of the extract. To find out the possible mechanism of action, flumazenil as the ‎specific GABAA receptor antagonist was used. Anticonvulsant and hypnotic effects of the extract were observed at ‎‎400 and 600 mg/kg. The extract at the dose of 200 mg/kg revealed significant anxiolytic effects, but it did not show ‎any adverse effects on learning and memory at all the tested doses. Results of this study indicate that Thymus ‎kotschyanus extract has anticonvulsant‎, anxiolytic and hypnotic effects, which are likely related to the ability of ‎some phenolic compounds to activate α1-containing GABAA receptors but more experiments still need to be carried ‎out in order to find the exact mechanism, active component, and the toxicity of the Thymus kotschyanus extract. ‎

Cucumber is one of the main vegetables in Iranian food basket. A wide range of pesticides are used for crops protection during the cultivation of vegetables such as cucumber due to heavy pest infestation. Analysis of pesticide residues in food and other environmental commodities have become essential requirement for consumers, producers, and food quality control authorities. This study was aimed at determination of pesticides residues in cucumber as a main vegetable in Iranian food basket.
A reliable, rapid and accurate method based on spiked calibration curves and modified QuEChERS sample preparation was developed for determination of 14 pesticide residues in cucumber by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The use of spiked calibration standards for constructing the calibration curve substantially reduced adverse matrix-related effects.
The recovery of pesticides at 5 concentration levels (n=3) was in the range of 80.6-112.3. The method was proved to be repeatable with RSD lower than 20%. The limits of detection and quantification for all pesticides were