به جمع مشترکان مگیران بپیوندید!

تنها با پرداخت 70 هزارتومان حق اشتراک سالانه به متن مقالات دسترسی داشته باشید و 100 مقاله را بدون هزینه دیگری دریافت کنید.

برای پرداخت حق اشتراک اگر عضو هستید وارد شوید در غیر این صورت حساب کاربری جدید ایجاد کنید

عضویت
فهرست مطالب نویسنده:

babak sabet

  • Mohsen Masoumian Hosseni, Somayeh Rajabzadeh*, Babak Sabet, Roya Vatankhah, Seyed Mohammad Ebadirad
    Background & Objective

    Aligning faculty members' learning styles with their teaching approaches is a complicated topic in education. Understanding these inclinations can help enhance pedagogical practices and build a more inclusive learning environment. Thus, this study examined the relationship between learning style preferences and teaching technique choices among Iranian faculty members.

    Material & Methods

    From May to July 2022, a cross-sectional online survey was conducted among faculty members at Iranian medical universities via the Porsline website. Virtual snowball sampling was used to recruit 526 individuals. The VARK questionnaire was translated into Persian and showed excellent reliability, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.94. The final data collection tools included the translated VARK questionnaire, self-assessment questions about teaching methods, university resources, and digital media center equipment. Analytical methods included descriptive statistics, logistic regression analysis, and chi-square testing for data evaluation.

    Results

    The survey found that clinical teachers preferred reading and writing (54%), whereas fundamental science educators preferred visual-auditory and reading-writing. The effect of gender, field of study, learning style, age, and professional academic factors on the dependent variable, teaching method, was investigated using chi-square tests and logistic regression. The findings revealed that while there was no significant relationship between the variable gender and teaching method, significant associations were found with the variables field of study, learning style, age, and professional academic. Notably, it was observed that the effect size of field of study, age, and professional academic on teaching method is small, while for learning style, it is medium in magnitude.

    Conclusion

    The study uncovers a significant correlation between learning styles and teaching methods, suggesting that their learning backgrounds may shape teachers' teaching methods.

    Keywords: Learning Styles, VARK, Teachers, Teaching Methods
  • Elahe Afshari, Roya Derakhshan, Shahla Chaichian *, Seyed Reza Saadat Mostafavi, Shima Ghafourian Noroozi, Samaneh Rokhgireh, Abolfazl Mehdizadehkashi, Babak Sabet, Mohanna Khandan
    Background

    Endometriosis is a gynecologic disorder which causes dysmenorrhea and infertility. Early diagnosis of endometriosis can help prevent the necessity for invasive diagnostic procedures. Medical imaging has been widely utilized to diagnose various diseases without the need for invasive procedures. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cervical length in women with endometriosis.

    Methods

    In this case-control study, the case group consisted of nulliparous women with endometriosis, while the control group comprised nulliparous women without endometriosis. A total of 42 individuals were included in each group. Cervical length was measured using transvaginal ultrasound from the external os to the internal os. The patients in the case group underwent laparoscopy to confirm the diagnosis. Pearson chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were employed to compare categorical variables with a p<0.05 considered statistically significant.

    Results

    In both groups, there were no notable variations in any of the demographic characteristics. However, the severity of dysmenorrhea was significantly different between the two groups (p=0.01). The average diameter of the mediolateral cervix (29.48±6.2 and 27.14±3.8) was statistically significant between the patient group and control group, respectively (p=0.04). The mediolateral width may have a positive predictive effect on the presence of endometriosis, while cervical length appears to have a protective effect against endometriosis.

    Conclusion

    Demographic data do not predict endometriosis. This study suggests that mediolateral width in transvaginal sonography can serve as a minimally invasive diagnostic tool for endometriosis, showing correlation with endometriosis symptoms like dysmenorrhea and dyspareunia.

    Keywords: Cervical Length Measurement, Endometrial Thickness, Endometriosis
  • Elahe Motamedi Nasab, Joe Diduro, Mohammad Bayat, Fatemeh Zare, Roya Derakhshan, Maryam Rahmannia, Ladan Arab Yaqoubi, Mohammad Javad Fredoni, Houssein Ahmadi, Mohammadhossein Heidari, Babak Sabet *
    Introduction

     Diabetic patients frequently experience a serious complication known as impaired wound healing, which increases the likelihood of foot infection and limb amputation. Investigators have been looking for novel methods to treat diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) recently.

    Case Report: 

    A 75-year-old woman with type one diabetes mellitus (DM) has been accepted. There was a sizable (40 cm2 full-thickness cutaneous wound) in the plantar part of her right foot (Wagner Ulcer Grade Classification System: grade 3) which had not been treated by the usual treatment for DFUs. In this present case, we used amniotic fluid gel (AF gel) and photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) (400 mW/cm2 ; 810 nm, once a week for 16 weeks) to treat and speed up the healing of a harsh DFU. The size of the ulcer area significantly decreased as combination therapy progressed, and within 16 weeks, the wound was healed and the pain was reduced.

    Conclusion

     This revealed contextual analysis demonstrated the useful effect of the mix of PBMT and AF gel on a serious DFU. To confirm the findings, we recommend conducting additional clinical trials in a clinical setting. In addition, it is recommended that additional research using preclinical models uncover the mechanism of action of the combination therapy.

    Keywords: Amniotic Fluid Gel, Diabetic Foot Ulcer, Neuropathic Pain, Photobiomodulation Therapy, Stem Cell
  • Amin Habibi, Taiebe Shokri, Babak Sabet, _ Hossein Rezaeizadeh, Hamed Khani*, Fatemeh Nasouri

    Persian medicine is an ancient medical school that prioritizes preserving health over treatment. It is a holistic approach that considers genetics, lifestyle, and other factors to find the root cause of a disease. This study investigated the virtual course of Persian and complementary medicine from the perspective of students. We conducted a cross-sectional study. A standard questionnaire was used to collect data from 750 participants. The tool's validity was confirmed based on its content validity, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to estimate the internal consistency of this questionnaire. The questionnaire measured the effectiveness of the virtual education system in various dimensions, and the participants completed it electronically at the end of the course. SPSS 26.0 was used to analyze the collected data. The study used frequency, percentage, and mean to describe data and a desirability score was calculated for each question to evaluate course quality from participants' perspective. The results of the one-sample t-test indicate that the sample mean (57.111) is higher than the population mean (90) (p < 0.01). Based on the independent samples t-test, the mean attitude score of female students towards course is higher than that of male students (p > 0.05). The ANOVA analysis results regarding the mean attitude scores of students towards the course based on their field of study show that the mean attitude scores vary across different fields of study (p < 0.05). The result of present study emphasizes the importance of developing education in Persian medicine in universities to meet the clinical needs of the community and improve health and well-being. This can also promote the status of Persian medicine globally.

    Keywords: Undergraduate Medical Education, Persian Medicine, Distance Education, Cross-Sectional Study, Survey Method
  • ثمانه رخ گیره، بابک ثابت، ابوالفضل مهدی زاده کاشی، رویا درخشان*، نوشین کهن
    هدف

    هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی نظرات اساتید رشته زنان و زایمان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران در زمینه نحوه ارائه آموزش مجازی به دانشجویان پزشکی در پاندمی کووید 19 بود.

    مواد و روش ها

    این مطالعه توصیفی مقطعی بر روی 31 نفر از اساتید زنان و زایمان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران انجام شد. ابزار گردآوری داده ها شامل فرم مشخصات فردی و پرسشنامه پژوهش گرساخته با روایی صوری و محتوایی و پایایی تایید شده بود. پرسشنامه در نرم افزار پرس آنلاین در اختیار شرکت کنندگان قرار کرفت. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار 22SPSS و با کمک آمار توصیفی انجام شد.

    یافته ها

    بر اساس یافته های این پژوهش، آموزش مجازی در دوران کرونا بیشتر مباحث عملی مورد نیاز بخش زنان را پوشش داده بود و امکان ارائه موضوعات متنوع بیشتری در قالب وبینار و فرصت مباحثه و کار گروهی برای دانشجویان وجود داشت. از سویی دیگر نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که آموزش مجازی فرصت محدودی برای تمرین مهارت های عملی و یادگیری جراحی های پیجیده را فراهم می نماید و ارزیابی مهارت های نظری و عملی بالینی امکان پذیری کمتری دارد. همچنین شبکه اینترنت موجود برای آموزش مباحث نظری و عملی مناسب نبوده است.

    نتیجه گیری

    با توجه به تغییر شرایط آموزش در دوران پاندمی کرونا و پساکرونا با فراهم سازی زیر ساخت های آموزش مجازی مانند شبکه اینترنت همچنین استفاده از فناوری های پیشرفته آموزشی مانند شبیه سازها در کنار آموزش مجازی، می توان اثربخشی آموزش های بالینی و امکان به اشتراک گذاری تجربیات آموزشی در بخش های بالینی از جمله زنان و زایمان را فراهم ساخت.

    کلید واژگان: کووید 19, آموزش مجازی, اعضای هیات علمی, بخش زنان و زایمان
    Samaneh Rokhgireh, Babak Sabet, Abolfazl Mehdizadehkashi, Roya Derakhshan *, Noushin Kohan
    Purpose

    the purpose of this study was to investigate the attitude of faculty member of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Iran University of Medical Sciences towards virtual teaching in COVID-19 pandemic.

    Materials and methods

    This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 31 faculties of obstetrics and gynecology of Iran University of Medical Sciences. The data collection tool included a personal profile form and a researcher-made questionnaire with confirmed face and content validity and reliability. The questionnaire was provided to the participants in the Porsline software. Data were analyzed using SPSS software

    Findings

    Based on the findings of this research, virtual education during the Corona era had covered most of the practical topics needed by the obstetrics and gynecology department, and it was possible to present more diverse topics in the form of webinars and opportunities for discussion and group work for medical students. On the other hand, the results of this study showed that the faculties believed that virtual education provides a limited opportunity to practice practical skills and learn complex surgeries, and the evaluation of theoretical and practical clinical skills was less feasible. Also, the existing internet infrastructure has not been suitable for teaching practical procedures.

    Conclusion

    To provide effective virtual training, the use of virtual learning along with the use of advanced educational technologies same as simulation will be a way forward. The development of infrastructure and the Internet is also necessary.

    Keywords: COVID- 19, Virtual Education, Faculties, Obstetrics, Gynecology Department
  • Hamed Khani*, Babak Sabet, Amin Habibi

    The increase in technological developments in recent years and its effects on university systems have compelled countries to rethink higher education structures. Due to these developments, universities of medical sciences are now faced with complex conditions that render the traditional models of higher education ineffective. In this article, the authors present twelve tips based on their experience in creating and developing a smart university (SmU) in the medical sciences. To demonstrate the applicability of these tips, they provide a national example at the end. Shifting from a traditional university to an SmU depends on developing hardware infrastructure, advanced software, and innovative technical applications and platforms. It also requires inter-professional collaboration and the formation of smart learning communities, leadership, and interaction of potential physical, human, financial, intellectual, informational, and technological resources. Additionally, it requires the planning of strategies that guarantee this transformation. Moreover, maintaining such a university requires incorporating social accountability into smart education (SmE) processes and promoting an organizational culture that supports smartization and integrating technology into higher education.

    Keywords: Medical Education, Online Learning, MOOC, Artificial Intelligence, Smart Technologies
  • Babak Sabet, Shahriar Eslamitabar, Ehsan Lame, Fatemeh Anvar

    The patent system has long been criticized for limiting access to medicines. Dramatic advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning technology present a revolutionary opportunity in drug discovery, formulation and testing of dosage forms. The pharmaceutical industry claims that patenting is necessary to encourage innovation in the risky, lengthy, and costly research and development (R&D) process. But it still does not provide logical evidence about the actual effects of patents on innovation. The increasing use of artificial intelligence in research is intensifying the debate about pharmaceutical patents. Inventions created or enabled by artificial intelligence raise questions about patentability and patent policy in general. Faster and more efficient research and development weakens the justification for pharmaceutical patents. Research findings suggest that despite the necessity of continuing incentives for drug research and development, lawmakers should consider alternative systems that prioritize access alongside incentives to advance healthcare as a human right.

    Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Pharmaceutical, Invention
  • Somayeh Rajabzadeh, Babak Sabet *, Ata Pourabbasi, Seyed Mohammad Ebadirad
    Background

    Personalized business courses are an effective way to learn the basics of a business or industry. This study analyzed the effectiveness of the business course offered at Smart University of Medical Sciences.

    Method

    This study evaluated the personalized business course using retrospective data to assess learner satisfaction. The course was delivered entirely online but was flexible in delivery. It was designed according to the ASSURE educational model, which emphasizes content presentation and personalization of the learning experience. The course was attended by 132 participants. In this study, the validity of the data collection instrument was confirmed by ten SMUMS faculty members, after which a preliminary study was conducted with 10 pilot samples, yielding a Cronbach coefficient of 96%. For the translation into Persian, the World Health Organization guide was used as a methodological model.

    Results

    A total of 15 out of 18 participants from the Ministry of Science were satisfied with the course, as were 87 out of 107 participants from the Ministry of Health. Satisfaction with the course was higher among males than females, (84.6% versus 74.3%). The course was rated satisfactory by 81.4% of participants.

    Conclusion

    Satisfaction with the course may lead to similar courses being offered in the future. This personalized business course was a great success. Participants were satisfied with the content they learned and the progress they made.

    Keywords: Personalized Business Courses, Innovation, Online, Flexible, Satisfaction, Model Of ASSURE
  • نوشین کهن، حامد خانی، هانیه زهتاب هاشمی، وحیده منتظری، بابک ثابت*
    زمینه و هدف

    امروزه، دانشگاه ها برای پاسخگویی به تقاضای گسترده دانشجویان به ارائه دوره های فشرده مجازی یا حضوری گرایش دارند. در مورد پیامدهای آموزشی این دوره ها بویژه دوره های مجازی در متون آموزش پزشکی اختلاف نظر های وجود دارد. هدف از این مطالعه، طراحی، اجرا و ارزشیابی ترم تابستانی مجازی برای دانشجویان دانشگاه های علوم پزشکی کشور ایران است.

    روش بررسی

    ابن مطالعه از نوع طرح های توسعه ای است که به طراحی، اجرا و ارزشیابی برنامه ترم تابستانی مجازی در دانشگاه علوم پزشکی هوشمند پرداخته است. جمعیت این مطالعه دانشجویان دانشگاه های علوم پزشکی کشور ایران و محیط مطالعه، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی هوشمند بود. دوره حاضر به صورت مجازی ارائه شد. به منظور طراحی برنامه از مدل طراحی آموزشی ADDIE استفاده گردید. برای ارزشیابی اثربخشی برنامه، دو سطح اول کرک پاتریک (رضایت و یادگیری دانشجویان) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. حجم نمونه دانشجویان مورد مطالعه 400 نفر تعیین شد، که به صورت تصادفی انتخاب و داده های ارزشیابی این دو سطح از میان آن ها جمع آوری شد. همچنین برای ارزشیابی برنامه از دیدگاه 8 نفر از اساتید و مدیران گروه های آموزشی از سوالات بازپاسخ استفاده شد.

    یافته ها

    طراحی، توسعه و اجرای برنامه بر اساس یک رویکرد گام به گام انجام شد. نتایج ارزشیابی نشان داد دانشجویان نسبت به دوره واکنش مثبت و رضایت نسبتا بالای دارند. در رابطه با سطح یادگیری، نتایج نشان داد نمرات میانگین پس آزمون در همه دروس انتخاب شده شش رشته افزایش یافته است و این تفاوت برای همه دروس این شش رشته در سطح 99/0 معنی دار است (01/0>p). در نهایت بر اساس سوالات بازپاسخ، اساتید و مدیران گروه های شرکت کننده، نقاط قوت و چالش های را برای این برنامه برشمردند و در عین حال پیشنهاداتی برای ارتقاء برنامه ارائه دادند.

    نتیجه گیری

    بر اساس نتایج می توان از دوره های فشرده مجازی به عنوان یک راهکار موثر و کارآمد برای برای جبران عقب افتادگی تحصیلی، بهبود یادگیری دانشجویان، کاهش هزینه های آموزشی و همچنین افزایش دسترسی به آموزش برای دانشجویانی محروم استفاده کرد.

    کلید واژگان: دوره های فشرده, ترم تابستانی مجازی, طراحی, اجرا, ارزشیابی
    Nooshin Kohan, Hamed Khani, Hanieh Zehtab Hashemi, Vahideh Montazeri, Babak Sabet *
    Background and Objective

    To meet the growing demand of students, nowadays universities around the world inclined towards offering intensive virtual or face-to-face courses. There are differing opinions regarding the educational implications of these intensive courses, especially virtual courses. The objective of this study is to design, implement, and evaluate a virtual intensive online program for students of medical universities in Iran during the summer term.

    Methods and Materials: 

    This study is a developmental design. The study environment was a Smart University of Medical Sciences, and the method of presenting this program was virtual. ADDIE educational design model has been used to design the program. The first and second levels of the Kirkpatrick model (satisfaction and student learning) were investigated. The sample size of the participated students was determined to be 400 people, who were randomly selected and the evaluation data of these two levels were collected from among them. Also, to evaluate the program from the point of view of 8 teachers and head of departments, the open-ended questions were used.

    Results

    The design, development and implementation of the program was conducted based on a stepby- step approach. The evaluation results showed that the students have a positive reaction and relatively high satisfaction towards the course. Also, based on the results, the post-test average scores have increased in 4 selected of six disciplines and this difference is significant (p<0.01). Finally, based on the open-ended questions, the teachers and head of departments participating in the program listed the strengths and challenges for this program and at the same time offered suggestions for improving the program.

    Conclusion

    Based on the results, virtual intensive courses can be used as an effective and efficient solution to compensate for academic backwardness, improve student learning, reduce educational costs, and also increase access to education for disadvantaged students.

    Keywords: Intensive Courses, Virtual Summer Semester, Design, Implementation, Evaluation
  • Babak Sabet, Ali Namaki, Hamed Khani *, Noushin Kohan, Hanieh Zehtab Hashemi, Arash Khojasteh
    Background

     In medical education, determining the strengths, weaknesses, desirability, and success of training courses from the perspective of its stakeholders is of particular importance because it can be the basis for subsequent decisions.

    Objectives

     This cross-sectional research investigated the virtual summer semester from the perspectives of its many stakeholders.

    Methods

     We conducted a multi-methods cross-sectional study. First, remote qualitative interviews were conducted with teachers and heads of departments to explain the features of the virtual summer semester course from their perspective. Twelve teachers and heads of departments participated in qualitative interviews using the intensity sampling method. A matrix was created in Microsoft Word according to the qualitative interview questions (web and telephone), and the answers were categorized based on thematic review. In the second phase, a mini literature review was conducted to develop the desirability and success indicators of online learning courses using questionnaires and checklists. In the third phase, a questionnaire-based survey was conducted among students (82 people). In the last phase, a checklist-based survey was performed among various stakeholders (100 people). Quantitative and qualitative data about the virtual summer semester course have been collected from 194 individuals.

    Results

     Based on the thematic review of remote qualitative interviews and created matrix, strengths, weaknesses, and suggestions for improving this course were categorized. Based on descriptive statistics, the mean and SD of the age of teachers and heads of departments participating in the interview was (52.5 ± 8.68), and the mean and SD of the age of students participating in the questionnaire-based survey was (22.10 ± 2.78). In addition, the mean and SD of the age of students, teachers, heads of departments, and course executive team participating in the checklist-based survey were respectively (22.5 ± 3.5), (49.1 ± 7.5), (54.0 ± 2.8) and (34.3 ± 4.9). The findings of the questionnaire-based survey revealed that about 91% of the students have a positive attitude towards the course. In this regard, the average score of the students on all items about the desirability of the course was higher than the hypothetical average (P = 0.048). In addition, the quantitative findings indicated that all the stakeholders had evaluated the course as successful in terms of the organizational capacity of Smart University of Medical Sciences, pedagogy and educational effectiveness, and sufficient and capable human resources. In this regard, the average score of the course success factors differs from stakeholder to stakeholder for the organizational capacity (P = 0.004) and for the two components of pedagogy and educational effectiveness (P = 0.035) and sufficient and competent human resources (P = 0.043).

    Conclusions

     According to the results and the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic and its effect on medical education, these short-term and intensive structured virtual courses can be expanded and developed into regular semesters. The course's sustainability can be maintained by continual improvement.

    Keywords: Medical Education, Online Course, Summer Semester, Distance Education, Course Evaluation, Multi-methods
  • شهریار اسلامی تبار، بابک ثابت، احسان لامع*، نسرین روزبهانی

    سیستم ثبت اختراع از مدتها پیش به دلیل محدود کردن دسترسی به داروها مورد انتقاد قرار گرفته است. پیشرفت های چشمگیر در فناوری هوش مصنوعی و یادگیری ماشینی فرصتی متحول کننده در کشف دارو، فرمول بندی و آزمایش اشکال دارویی است. صنعت داروسازی مدعی است که ثبت اختراع برای تشویق نوآوری در فرآیندهای تحقیق و توسعه ی (R&D) پرخطر، طولانی و پرهزینه، ضروری است. شواهد منطقی در مورد آثار واقعی پاتنت ها بر نوآوری  وجود ندارد. افزایش استفاده از هوش مصنوعی  در تحقیقات، بحث های موجود در مورد پاتنت های دارویی را تشدید می کند. ابداعات دارویی به کمک هوش مصنوعی سوالاتی را در مورد قابلیت ثبت اختراع و سیاست ثبت اختراع مطرح می کند و این جریان را با چالشهایی مواجه می‍کند. از جمله می‍توان به این مسئله اشاره کرد که در صورت تحقیق و توسعه سریعتر و کارآمدتر به کمک هوش مصنوعی  چگونه می‍توان برای این ابداعات حق پاتنت قائل شد. در این مقاله این سوال مطرح می شود که آیا در موراد کاربرد هوش مصنوعی در تحقیق و توسعه دارو آیا می توان نسبت به آن حق اختراع قائل شد و مشمول داروهای اصیل قرار داد.  یافته‍ای تحقیق حاکی از آن است که به رغم ضرورت تداوم انگیزه برای تحقیق و توسعه دارو ، قانونگذاران باید سیستم های جایگزینی را در نظر بگیرند که دسترسی را در کنار انگیزه سازی در اولویت قرار دهد تا مراقبت های بهداشتی را به عنوان یک حق بشری پیش ببرند.

    کلید واژگان: هوش مصنوعی, دارو, پاتنت, اختراع
    Shahriar Eslamitabar, Babak Sabet, Ehsan Lame*

    The patent system has long been criticized for limiting access to medicines. Dramatic advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning technology present a revolutionary opportunity in drug discovery, formulation and testing of dosage forms. The pharmaceutical industry claims that patenting is necessary to encourage innovation in the risky, lengthy, and costly research and development (R&D) process. But it still does not provide logical evidence about the actual effects of patents on innovation. The increasing use of artificial intelligence in research is intensifying the debate about pharmaceutical patents. Inventions created or enabled by artificial intelligence raise questions about patentability and patent policy in general. Faster and more efficient research and development weakens the justification for pharmaceutical patents. Research findings suggest that despite the necessity of continuing incentives for drug research and development, lawmakers should consider alternative systems that prioritize access alongside incentives to advance healthcare as a human right.

    Keywords: artificial intelligence, drug, patent, invention
  • لیلا ساداتی، پیغام حیدرپور، بابک ثابت، شهرام یزدانی *
    زمینه وهدف

    توسعه صلاحیت جراحی نیازمند شناسایی دقیق و واکاوی ابعاد مفهوم صلاحیت است. این مطالعه باهدف تبیین و ارایه مدل توسعه صلاحیت جراحی دستیاران رشته جراحی عمومی با استفاده ازرویکرد هشت مرحله ای واکر و اوانت انجام شده است.

    روش بررسی

    این مطالعه یک مطالعه کیفی است که در سال 1399 در دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی انجام گرفت. برای مشخص کردن ویژگی های تعریفی مفهوم صلاحیت جراحی از روش هشت مرحله ای تحلیل مفهوم واکر و اوانت استفاده شد. حاصل جست وجوی نظام مند در پایگاه داده ها و بر اساس معیارهای ورود، شناسایی تعداد 20 مقاله مرتبط بود.

    یافته ها

    براساس نتایج حاصل از این مطالعه، مفهوم صلاحیت جراحی تعریف شده و ابعاد چهارگانه عناصر، اهداف، مولفه ها و فرایند توسعه صلاحیت جراحی مشخص شد. سپس با روشن شدن ویژگی های صلاحیت جراحی، مدل توسعه صلاحیت جراحی ترسیم شد.

    نتیجه گیری

    توسعه صلاحیت جراحی منوط به کسب دانش تخصصی و مهارت های متعددی است که ازطریق کسب تجربه و تحت نظارت دیگران در یک جامعه عملی جراحی به دست می آید.

    کلید واژگان: تحلیل مفهوم, دستیار, جراحی, صلاحیت جراحی
    Leila Sadati, Peigham Heidarpoor, Babak Sabet, Shahram Yazdani
    Background

    The training and education of competent and qualified surgeons have been one of the challenges of the surgical profession. The concept of surgical competence has been affected widely due to a series of developments in the new disease emergence, various surgical techniques and the introduction of advanced tools and equipment into the operating. The development of surgical competence and achieving this goal requires accurate identification and analysis of the dimensions of competence. This study was done to explain the concept of surgical competence using the 8-step Walker and Avant approach.

    Methods

    This study is a qualitative study that was conducted from May- October 2016 at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. The present study is a qualitative and conceptual analysis study, which is done with Walker&Avant's eight-step approach to determine the defining characteristics of the concept of surgical competence. A systematic search was conducted between 1990 and 2020 by keywords search such as surgery, surgical, operation OR laparoscopy AND competence competency development competency proficient, proficiency, expertise, clinical, in the database like Google Scholar, PubMed, SID, Magiran, Scopus, Web of Science. Twenty articles were included in the study based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Moreover, the defining features of the concept were extracted from it.

    Results

    Based on the results of this study, the concept of surgical competence was defined and the four dimensions of elements, goals, components and the process of developing surgical competence were identified. Then, by clarifying the characteristics of surgical competence, a model of surgical competence development was drawn. Surgical competence development depends on the acquisition of specialized knowledge and numerous skills that are acquired through experience and deliberated practice under the supervision of others in the surgical community of practice and over time.

    Conclusion

    Surgical competence is a set of observable and measurable skills that allows a surgeon to manage the surgical process independently pbt while maintaining the patient's safety. It includes specialized knowledge, communication skills, cognitive and technical skills, and basic surgical skills.

    Keywords: concept analysis, residency, surgery, surgical competence
  • Roya Derakhshan, Houssein Ahmadi, Mohammad Bayat, Leila mehboudi, Erfan Pourhashemi, Abdollah Amini, Dorsa Vatandoust, Shahin Aghamiri, Robabeh Asadi, Babak Sabet

    Weakened wound healing is a popular, severe complication of patients with diabetes which poses a risk for foot infection and amputation. Researchers have searched for new treatments for treating diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) in recent years. In this case report, for the first time, we applied photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) and Altrazeal powder together to treat a severe case of DFU in a 47-year-old woman who was suffering from type 1 diabetes. Along with the progress of combination therapy, we observed that the ulcer area was significantly reduced, and the wound healed within 16 weeks. Furthermore, dermatitis and purulent secretion were treated, and the pain was reduced. This reported case study indicated the beneficial effect of the combination of PBMT and Altrazeal powder for the healing of a severe DFU in a patient with type one diabetes. The combined application of PBMT plus Altrazeal powder demonstrated an additive effect. Further clinical trials in the clinical setting are suggested to validate the results further. Besides, more studies in preclinical models are suggested to find the mechanism of the action of combination therapy.

    Keywords: Photobiomodulation therapy, Altrazeal powder, Diabetic foot ulcer, Wound healing, Diabetes mellitus
  • Ahmad Javanmard, Sara Ashtari, Babak Sabet, Seyed Hossein Davoodi, Mohammad Rostami, Nejad, Mohammad Esmail Akbari, Azadeh Niaz, Amir Mohammad Mortazavian
    Cancers of the gastrointestinal (GI) track are a serious global health problem. The human GI tract is home to trillions of
    microorganisms that known as gut microbiota and have established a symbiotic relationship with the host. The human intestinal
    microbiota plays an important role in the development of the gut immune system, metabolism, nutrition absorption, production of
    short-chain fatty acids and essential vitamins, resistance to pathogenic microorganisms, and modulates a normal immunological
    response. Microbiota imbalance has been involved in many disorders including inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, asthma,
    psychiatric illnesses, and cancers. Oral administration of probiotics seems to play a protective role against cancer development as a
    kind of functional foods. Moreover, clinical application of probiotics has shown that some probiotic strains can reduce the incidence
    of post-operative inflammation in cancer patients. In the present narrative review, we carried out update knowledge on probiotic
    effects and underlying mechanism to GI cancers. Currently, it is accept that most commercial probiotic products are generally safe
    and can used as a supplement for cancer prevention and treatment. Nevertheless, well-designed, randomized, double blind, placebocontrolled
    human studies are required to gain the acceptance of the potential probiotics as an alternative therapy for cancer control..
    Keywords: Probiotic, Prebiotics, Gastrointestinal cancer, Gut microbiota.
    (Please cite as: Javanmard A, Ashtari S, Sabet B, Davoodi SH, Rostami-Nejad M, Akbari ME, et al. Probiotics and
    their role in gastrointestinal cancers prevention and treatment; an overview. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench
    2018;11(4):284-295).
    Keywords: probiotic, prebiotics, gastrointestinal cancer, gut microbiota
  • Mojtaba Javaherzadeh, Babak Sabet *, Mohammad Nejati, Ali Shekarchizadeh, Abass Mirafshrieh, Mohammad Bayat
    Background

    Intra-abdominal adhesions and their complications occur frequently after laparotomy. The aim of this study was to compare oral versus intraperitoneal administration of simvastatin in decreasing post-laparotomy adhesions in rat.

    Methods

    Thirty male Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups of ten. All the rats underwent laparotomy and induction of adhesions using the method of Meso-Stitch approximation of injured cecum and abdominal wall. One group received oral simvastatin (40 mg/kg) daily during two weeks before the laparotomy. In the two other groups, 2 ml of solution of simvastatin (40 mg/kg) or distilled water (as placebo) was spilled into abdomen before closing abdominal wall, respectively. After 14 days, all the rats were put under laparotomy again to be compared. Rates and grades of adhesions were assessed using Hoffman et al. and Lauder et al. Scale and histopathological reports.

    Results

    In placebo group, the grade II and III adhesion was seen in 2 and 8 rats, respectively. In local simvastatin group, there was no adhesion in 5 rats, and grade I and II adhesion was seen in 3 and 2 rats, respectively. In oral simvastatin group, 6 rats were without adhesion, and 3 cases with grade I and 1 case with grade II adhesion. The frequency and grade of adhesion were statistically different in simvastatin groups compared to the placebo group (P < 0.001), but not with each other.

    Conclusions

    Oral simvastatin for two weeks before the laparotomy can reduce post-laparotomy adhesion bands as well as local administration of simvastatin solution.

    Keywords: Abdomen, Surgical adhesions, Simvastatin, Laparotomy
  • * Mojtaba Javaherzadeh, Ali Shekarchizadeh, Amir Hossein Karimi, Babak Sabet
    Background

    Hydatid cyst communicated with biliary tract increases the morbidity and mortality rates. Therefore, early detection and treatment are vital.

    Methods

    From 96 patients undergone hydatid cyst surgery, 12 were excluded. The specifications, size, location, and position of the cyst, the condition of the cyst wall thickness, the caught lobe, cyst rupture, liver abscess, and the size of the inside and outside liver bile ducts were identified through computed tomography scanning. Age, gender, icterus, white blood cell (WBC) count, the total, direct, and indirect bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase were identified.

    Results

    In 21 patients (13 men and 8 women), there was communication between the hydatid cyst and biliary tract; from them, 14 patients had icterus. There were significant differences between the size of the cyst, the levels of liver enzymes, bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase, and WBC count in communicated and non-communicated hydatid cysts (P = 0.001). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, gender, location of the cysts in the liver, and the thickness of the liver.

    Conclusions

    Only the cyst size and the level of bilirubin were the predicting factor for the communication between hydatid cyst and biliary tract.

    Keywords: Hydatid cyst, Biliary tract, Morbidity
  • Seyed Mohammad Vahid-Hosseini, Seyedeh Narges Tabatabaee, Babak Sabet, Manuchehr Kamali, Sakieneh Falahi
    Background
    Nephron sparing surgery (NSS) for unilateral Wilms tumor (WT) has been debated recently and is being used to preserve kidney tissue and function. However, NSS is feasible only for selected cases with higher local relapse rates. There is a significant reduction of nephrons with the development of renal hypertension and progressive renal failure. In this paper, we have analyzed outcomes after bilateral partial nephrectomy (PN) and unilateral partial plus contralateral total nephrectomy in our patients with bilateral WT.
    Methods
    We have analyzed our four patients (8 kidneys) with bilateral WT and 8 unilateral complete resection. Kidney size was measured using volumetric analysis computed tomography scan imaging. The patients were matched with children who had undergone imaging of the abdomen for other malignancies.
    Results
    Mean kidney volumes after unilateral partial plus total contralateral nephrectomy (60.9 cm3) were significantly greater than the reference kidneys. Total kidney volume was significantly larger after bilateral PN (98.1 cm3) versus unilateral partial plus total contralateral nephrectomy (60.9 cm3).
    Conclusions
    Our findings suggest that patients with bilateral WT benefit from bilateral NSS. Hypertension is less common after bilateral PN. However, rates of local relapse or disease associated death are separately between the groups.
    Keywords: Wilm's tumor, Hypertension, Nephron-sparing surgery
  • Babak Sabet, Mojtaba Javaherzadeh, Sayed Saeid Rajabian, Sivak Elyasian, Ali Shekarchizadeh
    Background
    This study was performed to compare the efficacy and long-term outcomes of three surgical treatments for uncomplicated pilonidal sinus disease, tension-free primary closure, Limberg flap, and secondary intention (wide excision and packing).
    Methods
    In this randomized clinical trial study, 66 patients with uncomplicated pilonidal sinus disease were randomly assigned to be surgically treated using tension-free primary closure, Limberg flap, or secondary intention methods. The outcomes including pain, healing time, recurrence, complications, disability, reoperation, and patient satisfaction were compared between three groups after two years of follow-up.
    Findings: In Limberg flap group, the healing time and disability were significantly less than the two other groups; besides, the pain was significantly less than secondary intention group and more than the primary closure group (P 0.05 for all).
    Conclusions
    Totally, according to our findings and comparison with other studies, it may be concluded that Limberg flap is relatively better than primary and secondary intention in patients with uncomplicated pilonidal sinus disease.
    Keywords: Surgical flaps, Wound closure techniques, Pilonidal sinus, Postoperative complications
  • Mojtaba Javaherzadeh, Babak Sabet*, Ali Solouki, Ahmad Javanmard, Ali Shekarchizadeh
    Background
    Nowadays, esophageal cancer is among the most malignant cancers with high mortality and morbidity. Although reasonable progress in radiotherapy and chemotherapy has been made, still esophagectomy is the main treatment for the disease. Using esophagectomy induces a durable palliation and provides possible cure.
    Objectives
    This study aimed to assess the three-month and three-year survival rates and complications of transthoracic surgery in patients with esophageal cancer.
    Methods
    In a longitudinal case series study was performed in three years, 34 patients with esophagus cancer, operated using trans-thoracic approach were assessed for short- and long-term survival rates and complications.
    Results
    Immediately after the surgery, anastomotic leakage was seen in 17.6% and vocal cord paresis in 26.6% of cases; in next days, the vocal cord paresis decreased to 11.8%. Hospital mortality rate was 20.6% and the rate of malignancy recurrence in long-term follow-up was 8.8%. Long-term morality rate was 39.0%. There was microscopic residue in 20.5% and macroscopic residue in 6.0% of the patients. Three-month and three-year survival rates were 76% and 61%, respectively.
    Conclusions
    The achieved three-month and three-year survival rate were reasonable in comparison to other studies. Although the rate of vocal cord paresis after the surgery was about two times more than previous studies, most of the cases were temporary paresis and resolved in coming days.
    Keywords: Esophageal Cancer, Survival, Trans, Thoracic Esophagectomy, Complications
  • Shirvan Salaminia, Ahmad Ali Amirghofran, Babak Sabet
    Background
    Giant left atrium (GLA) associated with mitral valve surgery reported to have a mortality ranging from 8% to 32%. Most of the patients are symptomatic with that of shortness of breath, dysphagia, palpitations, chest pain, and thromboembolic events. Asymptomatic giant enlargement of the left atrium is rare. Either we must do or not do a reduction arterioplasty at the time of the mitral valve surgery is a controversy in the literature.
    Case Report: The patient had mitral valve replacement with a with a 31 mm carbomedics mechanical valve prosthesis 7 years past during her last visit. No reduction arterioplasty was done with a valve operation. Her 7-years close follow-up was uneventful. In the last visit, echocardiography and spiral chest computerized tomography scanning were requested. In both of the requested images giant left trial enlargement was seen, but the patient was without symptoms regarding her giant left atrium.
    Conclusions
    In this case report, it seems that if we want left atrial size decline, it is necessary to have reduction arterioplasty during mitral valve surgery. However, it does not mean a definite therapeutic efficacy, especially when considering future symptoms.
    Keywords: Giant left atrium, Atrioplasty, Mitral valve disease
  • Mojtaba Javaherzadeh, Ali Shekarchizadeh, Babak Sabet, Sayed Ali Mousavi, Almaleki, Abass Mirafsharieh
    Background
    This study aimed to assess the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric and gallbladder in patients with acute cholecystitis or symptomatic cholelitiasis undergoing cholecystectomy.
    Methods
    43 patients with biliary disease (cholecystitis or cholelitiasis) with inclusion criteria were selected in Shahid Modarres Hospital, Tehran, Iran. The data including age, sex, and the presence of Helicobacter pylori in biopsy samples of gallbladder and gastric mucosa for each patient were recorded and analyzed using SPSS software.
    Results
    The biopsy specimens of gastric and gallbladder mucosa of 43 patients with the mean age of 54.8 ± 9.9 years were studied. 22 (51.2%) patients had acute cholecystitis and 21 (48.8%) had cholelithiasis. Among the gastric samples, 14 patients (32.6%) (9 men and 5 women) and in the gallbladder samples, 19 patients (44.2%) (8 women and 11 men) were positive for Helicobacter pylori. The simultaneous presence of Helicobacter pylori in the gastric and gallbladder mucosa was seen in 6 patients (13.9%). 10 patients (23.2%) were smokers, and 33 (76.7%) were non-smokers.
    Conclusions
    It can be said that the presence of Helicobacter pylori in gallbladder can play an important role in the creation and spread of the infection. But the simultaneous presence of Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric and gallbladder cannot be a good standard to evaluate the diseases of the bile ducts.
    Keywords: Acute cholecystitis, Cholelithiasis, Helicobacter pylori
  • مجتبی جواهر زاده، بابک ثابت، ناصر ملک پور علمداری، بهرنگ کاظمی نژاد، نوید نورایی، مجتبی مخبر دزفولی
    مقدمه
    دیرکرد یا تعلل در تشخیص التهاب آپاندیس، به عنوان شایع ترین علت شکم حاد در سراسر جهان مهم ترین عامل افزاینده مرگ و میر در بیماران می باشد. لذا، تشخیص زودهنگام آن، هنوز چالشی برای جراحان محسوب می شود که باید بر اساس علایم و نشانه ها و آزمایش ها ی پاراکلینیک به نتیجه ای مطمئن جهت اقدام به عمل جراحی یا درمان غیرجراحی برسند.
    روش ها
    در یک مطالعه ی مقطعی آینده نگر، در جمعیت هدف مراجعه کننده به اورژانس مرکز پزشکی بیمارستان مدرس تهران با شکم حاد در طول 12 ماه، در مجموع 200 بیمار مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند؛ اطلاعات 181 بیمار کامل بود و وارد مطالعه شدند. معیار Alvarado و معیار Alvarado تغییر یافته برای همه ی بیماران توسط دستیار ارشد مجری طرح تکمیل شد. گزارش پاتولوژی به عنوان معیار استاندارد قرار داده شد. لام های پاتولوژی توسط دو نفر پاتولوژیست بیمارستان شهید مدرس قرائت گردید.
    یافته ها
    دقت تشخیصی معیار Alvarado تغییر یافته 4/81 درصد در مقابل دقت 0/74 درصدی معیار Alvarado به دست آمد. معیار طراحی شده ی ما با حساسیت 0/88 در مقابل 7/67 درصد و ویژگی یکسان 4/64 در تشخیص موارد طبیعی، ارزش اخباری 0/66 درصد در مقابل 9/41 درصد در تشخیص موارد آپاندیسیت حاد و ارزش اخباری مثبت 3/87 در مقابل 1/84 درصد، از نمره ی اسکور بالای 6 برخوردار بود.
    نتیجه گیری
    در جمعیت مورد مطالعه ی ما، اضافه کردن درد شکم به همراه جنسیت مرد و C-reactive protein (CRP) کیفی به عنوان تست های قابل انجام، باعث بهبودی دقت تشخیصی آپاندیسیت حاد با یک معیار بالینی ساده می شود.
    کلید واژگان: آپاندیسیت حاد, معیار Alvarado بهبودیافته, درد شکم
    Mojtaba Javaherzadeh, Babak Sabet, Naser Malekpour, Alamdari, Behrang Kazeminejad, Navid Noraee, Mojtaba Mokhber, Dezfolly
    Background
    Tardiness or delay in diagnosis of appendicitis, as the most common cause of acute abdomen around the world, is the most important factor in increasing mortality rate in patients. Therefore, early diagnosis is still a challenge for surgeons to be based on signs and symptoms and laboratory tests to make them sure to decide about the surgery.
    Methods
    In a cross-sectional antegrade study, 200 patient who had come with acute abdominal pain to Modarres hospital emergency room, Tehran, Iran, in 12 months were enrolled; the data of 181 patient were complete that was relevant to our study. Alvarado and modified Alvarado scales were used for data collection by the chief resident of surgery. Pathology report was the standard criterion in this survey.
    Findings: The accuracy of modified Alvarado score in diagnosis of appendicitis was 81.4% in comparison with 74.0% of Alvarado score. Our modified score with the sensitivity of 88.0% (vs. 67.7%) and the same specificity of 64.4% in detecting normal cases and positive predicting value (PPV) of 66.0% (vs. 41.9%) in diagnosis of acute appendicitis and positive predicting value of 87.3% (vs. 84.1%) in cases of score of more than of 6 was a better score compare to Alvarado score.
    Conclusion
    Adding abdominal pain, male gender, and qualitative C-reactive protein (CRP) to Alvarado score was resulted in obtaining a higher accuracy in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.
    Keywords: Acute appendicitis, Modified Alvarado scale, Abdominal pain
نمایش عناوین بیشتر...
بدانید!
  • در این صفحه نام مورد نظر در اسامی نویسندگان مقالات جستجو می‌شود. ممکن است نتایج شامل مطالب نویسندگان هم نام و حتی در رشته‌های مختلف باشد.
  • همه مقالات ترجمه فارسی یا انگلیسی ندارند پس ممکن است مقالاتی باشند که نام نویسنده مورد نظر شما به صورت معادل فارسی یا انگلیسی آن درج شده باشد. در صفحه جستجوی پیشرفته می‌توانید همزمان نام فارسی و انگلیسی نویسنده را درج نمایید.
  • در صورتی که می‌خواهید جستجو را با شرایط متفاوت تکرار کنید به صفحه جستجوی پیشرفته مطالب نشریات مراجعه کنید.
درخواست پشتیبانی - گزارش اشکال