ensiyeh babaie

The aim of this study was to develop a model of Women Returning to drug use based on family functioning and family emotional climate by mediating role of social health in the rehabilitated women addicted to drug. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population consisted of 430 women with a history of substance abuse in the rehabilitation camp of new life in Mashhad, from which a sample of 204 people was selected based on the convenient method. Research tools included the Fadardi, Ziaee and Barerfan (2008) Substance use Scale, Epstein, Baldwin & Bishab (1983) family functioning, Hillburn (1964) family emotional climate and Keys' (1998) social health. The statistical analysis was done in the descriptive part based on frequency percentage and average calculation with SPSS24 software and in the inferential part based on structural equation model in AMOS. The reliability of the mentioned four questionnaires was calculated according to Cronbach's alpha coefficient equal to 0.91, 0.90, 0.87 and 0.77 respectively. The findings showed that social health has a positive mediating role in the relationship between the two variables of family functioning and family emotional climate with the tendency to use drugs again. As a result, due to the influence of social health on the functioning of the family and the family emotional climate, with the influence of social health on the ability of people to avoid the tendency to use drugs again, it should be taken into consideration in educational and therapeutic programs in both the educational system and the treatment system.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of positive-oriented psychotherapy on the treatment adherence of chronic breast cancer patients . This study was conducted using a semi-experimental method with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group of 30 women (test group 15 and control group 15) from women with breast cancer referred to Tehran Cancer Research Center.Samples were selected by available sampling method and randomly placed in experimental and control groups. The experimental group underwent 8 sessions of positivist psychotherapy, while the control group did not receive any intervention. The Chronic Patients Adherence Scale was administered to participants. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS software. The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the scores of adherence therapy (p<0.05). Positive psychology interventions by motivating patients give them the necessary spirit to comply with the treatment. These interventions teach patients that in addition to having morale, they need to follow medical orders. These positive psychology interventions give patients the feeling that if they follow the treatment plans correctly, the possibility of their treatment will definitely increase significantly. In the field of acceptance of his treatment method, he can get better results and pay more attention to treatment and treatment methods. When positive psychology interventions are taught to patients, their opinions about the treatment method and participation in the treatment method are used, and the person considers himself a part of his treatment decision-making team and shows more participation. In the training course of positive psychology interventions, patients are taught special abilities and how to control their emotions so that patients have the best reaction in situations where they are in different emotional situations and adapt themselves to the situation in a better way. In the training course of positive psychology interventions, patients are given the necessary training in the field of focusing on good memories and the need to restore their spirits and create new good memories, and increase their ability to integrate the good and bad feelings of life. In the training course of positive psychology interventions, patients are given methods of contentment and acceptance of life events and satisfaction with life in any physical and mental state. This training teaches them to be patient with fate and events in life and to respect the people who have the duty of treating him and follow their decisions. Also, teaching positive psychology interventions to patients is given the necessary training in the field of optimism and life expectancy and it is instilled in them that by creating positive relationships with the treatment staff and obeying medical orders and creating interaction with the therapist, better treatment results will be achieved. The results of this research and similar researches can be used in the fields of treatment of chronic breast cancer patients.

The present study aimed to predict life satisfaction based on Islamic lifestyle, patience, and tolerance of failure among women in Babolsar, Mazandaran province, Iran.

This descriptive study utilized an applied research method. The statistical population included all women in Babolsar, and 350 cases were selected by convenience sampling method. The required data were then collected using online surveys through the Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener et al., 1985), Islamic Lifestyle Questionnaire by Kaviani (2010), as well as Harrington's Failure Tolerance and Evans's (1980) Patience scales. Stepwise regression analysis in SPSS software (version 24) was used for statistical analysis.

The results of the data analysis showed that the Islamic lifestyle and the ability to tolerate failure could predict life satisfaction among women (P<0.01). The results of multiple regression analysis also indicate that Islamic lifestyle and ability to tolerate failure predict 28% of life satisfaction (P<0.05).

According to the results, the necessity of strengthening the Islamic lifestyle by leading life based on Islamic teachings in various institutions and cultivating positive and constructive character traits, such as patience and tolerance of failure, can be noticed by everyone. Therefore, it seems necessary to strengthen and design programs for educating families based on Islamic culture.

 Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) and perfectionism are the main mental concerns of adolescent students who are the future makers of the country. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on perfectionism and BDD in students with these concerns.

 The quasi-experimental research design was pretest-posttest with a control group. From 360 high school female students from 4 high schools in the 14th district of Tehran (2016), 34 people with high scores on the cut line (score 93) were selected regarding the BDD scale and as a research sample were randomly divided into two groups of 17 cases per group. Due to the lack of collaboration and sample attrition, 11 and 13 cases in the experimental and control groups completed the perfectionism questionnaire, respectively. The experimental group participated in eight CBT sessions based on the treatment guide of Wright et al. in cyberspace; however, the control group did not receive any intervention. Finally, the post-test was administered. The research instruments were the Physical Appearance Perfectionism Scale and Body Dysmorphic Disorder Symptom Scale. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 26) using ANCOVA, MANCOVA, and multivariate covariance analysis.

 The effectiveness of CBT in BDD was not significant at P≤0.01 and the perfectionism variable. The CBT explained 39.9% of the variance of predictor variables.

 Considering the effectiveness and efficiency of CBT to reduce students' mental concerns, prevent related disorders, and improve their quality of life, this piece of training can be included in the school curriculum.

The aim of this study was to predict social adjustment based on the variables of parenting style, perfectionism and creative thinking in ninth grade students in Rasht city. The research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population included all ninth grade girls in public and non-profit schools in Rasht in the academic year 2020-2021, from which 150 people were selected as the statistical sample by available sampling method. To collect data ,Bell Adaptation Questionnaire (1961), Bamrind (1967) parenting styles, Hill et al. (2004) Perfectionism Scale, and Welch and McDowell (2002) Creative Thinking Skills Assessment were used. Data analysis was done using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis in a step-by-step manner.Findings also showed that there is a significant relationship between social adjustment with parenting styles (authoritarian and authoritarian), perfectionism and creative thinking (p ˂ 0.01). The results of regression analysis revealed that among the components of parenting styles, authoritarian style in a negative way with a beta coefficient of -2.74 and authoritative style in a positive way with a beta coefficient of 4.29 equal to the predictability of social adjustment variables. Also, perfectionism and creative thinking each have beta coefficients of 0.37 and -0.24, respectively, for social adjustment, which shows that the predictor variables of perfectionism are positive and creative thinking is negative. Provide criteria for explaining the variable (p ˂ 0.01). Considering above mentioned finding, it seems that  in order to increase social adjustment, the variables of parenting styles, perfectionism and creative thinking  are essential. The type of parenting methods of parents can have the strongest and most stable effects on the emotional and cognitive development of a child, so that its effects will be manifested during adolescence. Also, perfectionism is one of the personality structures that plays an important role in people's compromise. And one dimension of adaptability is social adaptation, which includes the individual's adaptation to his social environment, so positive perfectionism can have logical strategies for the individual.

Most people who commit suicide suffer from psychiatric disorders, especially depression and substance-related disorders. However, major psychiatric disorders are not the sole risk factor for suicide, and other reasons, such as physical illness, may also be considered as an important factor for suicide ideation. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of suicidal ideation and its relationship with depression and the general health status of patients referred to addiction treatment centers in Iran.

This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 689 patients referred to addiction treatment centers in Yazd, Khorasan Razavi, Mazandaran, Sistan and Baluchistan, Fars, East Azarbaijan, and Kermanshah Provinces who were undergoing maintenance treatment with methadone in 2017. In this multicenter study, the subjects were selected by two-stage sampling; in the first stage, seven provinces (clusters) were randomly selected, and in the second stage, the patients from the selected provinces were enrolled via convenience sampling. The instruments used in this study included the General Health Questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Beck Suicide Idea Scale.

Of 689 patients, 218 (31.6%) had suicidal ideation. 21.91% (151 cases) of subjects had history of attempted to suicide. There was a significant relationship between suicidal ideation, depression, and general health status and its dimensions including physical symptoms, anxiety and sleep disorders, social functioning, and depression (P<0.05).

Suicidal ideation is present in one-third of the people who refer to addiction treatment centers in Iran. Depression and poor general health are major contributors to suicidal ideation.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of positive psychology training on students' wisdom, resilience, and cognitive flexibility. The research design was quasi-experimental, using pretest, post-test and follow-up design with the control group. The sample consisted of 30 undergraduate students of Payame Noor University in the academic year 2020-2021. The participants were selected by convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. First, in the pretest stage, both groups answered the questionnaires on wisdom, resilience, and cognitive flexibility. Then, positive psychology training was performed in 14 sessions of 60 minutes for the experimental group and the post-test was administered. After two months, for the third time (as a follow-up), both groups answered the research questionnaires. The analysis of covariance showed that positive psychology training caused stable changes in wisdom, resilience, and cognitive flexibility in the experimental group compared to the control group in the post-test. This effect was also sustained during the follow-up phase. The research findings indicate that positive psychology training could improve wisdom, resilience, and cognitive flexibility. 

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of problem-solving skills in predicting mathematical motivation and mathematical self-efficacy in children with Special Learning Disorders such as mathematics in Tehran. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study consisted of all students with learning disabilities in the first year of elementary school in Tehran in the academic year 2020. For the research sample, 90 students with math learning disabilities were selected by convenience sampling method. Data were collected through Hepner Problem Solving Skills Questionnaires (1988), Usher & Pajares Mathematical Self-Efficacy (2009), Corter Mathematical Motivation (2005) and Iran Mathematical Test by K Matt Grenus, Naji Man and Pritchett (1976). The data obtained from the implementation of the questionnaires were analyzed by regression statistical method. Findings showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the components of problem-solving confidence, attitude-avoidance style and personal control with mathematical motivation and mathematical self-efficacy. The results of regression analysis also showed that problem solving skills are strong predictors of mathematical motivation and mathematical self-efficacy. Considering the role of problem-solving skills in creating and expressing mathematical motivation and mathematical self-efficacy in students with special learning disabilities such as math, it is possible to prevent math-specific learning disabilities by identifying them in a timely manner.

 In all societies, the behavior of children and adolescents is one of the main concerns of the education system and families and social adjustment is the most important aspect of social development that is related to different people as well as career and academic success. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between self-compassion and optimism in students: the mediating role of social adjustment.

 The present study was correlated in terms of the applied nature and design of the present study. The statistical population of the present study included all-female high school students in the city of Islamshahr in the academic year 2021-2022, according to Cochran's formula, 378 people were selected by available sampling to participate in the study. Data were collected using the Self-Compassion Questionnaire (2003), Gettersum Optimism (1982), and the Bell Social Adjustment Questionnaire (1961). Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis method in structural equations were used to analyze the data.

 The results showed that self-compassion, optimism, and social adjustment have a significant positive correlation (p<0.01). The social adjustment also mediated the relationship between self-compassion and optimism.

 Based on the research findings, social adjustment can be improved by designing programs based on improving optimism and self-compassion.

It is very important to pay attention to the issues affecting how to perform tasks and improve the quality of nurses' performance. The aim of the present study is to explain the predictive role of resilience and coping styles in burnout of nurses in corona sections.

This research is descriptive and correlational. Cluster sampling in the second half of 2021 was one of the wards assigned to coronary patients in Ibn Sina Hospital was selected in District 5 Tehran city. 168 people were selected as a statistical sample. The instruments used in this study were Lazarus and Folkman (1988) Coping Strategies Questionnaire, Meslach Burnout (MBI) (1985), Connor and Davidson Resilience (CD-RISC) (2003). Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate linear regression were used to analyze the data.

The results showed that the variables of problem-oriented style (r = -0.399), emotion-oriented (r = 0.365) and resilience (r = -0.277) can significantly predict nurses' burnout. It’s estimated for both problem-oriented and resilience predictor variables and for positive emotion-oriented predictor variables.

High resilience and coping styles reduce the problem of burnout in nurses. Emotional coping styles are also effective in increasing burnout.

This study was to investigate and compare the personality traits and cognitive distortions of people convicted of robbery, drugs, and financial crimes.

A descriptive causal comparison was performed among all prisoners of financial crimes, robbery, and drugs in Shirvan prison; in which two hundred forty male prisoners were selected voluntarily. Neo-five-factor questionnaire and interpersonal cognitive distortion scale were answered by the participants. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance by SPSS software. 

The results of data analysis showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of personality traits and cognitive distortions of people convicted of robbery, drugs, and financial crimes.

Based on these findings, it is suggested that studies be conducted to prevent crime and non-criminal strategies and situational prevention and what facilitates criminal behavior. There is a need to pay special attention to the provision of psychological services, especially psychological training by prison psychologists to prisoners.

The aim of this study was to determine the role of coping strategies, cognitive distortions and personality disorders in predicting violence among women convicted of assault.

This is an applied research and the research method is descriptive cross-sectional correlation. The statistical population of the study consisted of women prisoners convicted of assault in prisons in Mazandaran province in 2020 and 77 of them were interviewed according to Morgan table by available sampling method. To collect data from the Interpersonal Cognitive Distortion Scale, ,, Coping Strategies Questionnaire for problem-oriented strategy was used for emotion-oriented strategy, Spielberger's state-trait anger questionnaire and Milon clinical questionnaire . Were analyzed step by step in SPSS software.

Summarize the findings and results. Anger is negatively related to coping strategies (problem-oriented) (r = -0.351; P <0.06). 0.351% of the total variance of aggressive behaviors is explained by problem-oriented coping strategies. Anger is positively related to cognitive distortions (r = 0.334; P <0.011). 0.334% of the total variance of aggressive behaviors is explained by cognitive distortions. Anger is positively associated with antisocial personality disorder (r = 0.507; P <0.018). 0.507% of the total variance of aggressive behaviors is explained by antisocial personality. Anger is negatively related to compulsive personality disorder (r = -0.420; P <0.03). 3.087 percent of the total variance of aggressive behaviors is explained by forced personality. Coping strategies, cognitive distortions, and personality disorders can predict anger.

Studies on the relationship between the spouses show that over the last few years, there has been a lot of changes in this area that has been able to affect the functions, duties, and lifestyle of family members from the past. These changes also have marital problems with challenges and conflicts. The collapse of coupleschr('39') relationships is the most common manifestation of extreme conflict. Evidence suggests that about half of todaychr('39')s marriages lead to divorce. After divorce, 65% of women and 70% of men are likely to re–marry, and about 50% of those who are married for the second time is divorced again. In this regard, communication problems are one of the most common issues between them. One of the key factors in assessing a personchr('39')s quality of life in general and quality and continuity of marital relationship, in particular, is sexual satisfaction, which is associated with marital quality structures. Satisfaction in marital life depends on several factors; one of these factors is sexual relations that can be among the most critical factors. If the sexual relationship between couples cannot be maintained desirably, it can lead to feelings of deprivation, failure, and marital conflict. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between sexual satisfactions with marital conflicts in women referring to the Mazandaran forensic medicine center in Sari city due to Domestic violence during the last six months of 2016 –2017.

In a descriptive cross–sectional study, sampling in this study was carried out using non–random sampling method (available). This type of sampling involves collecting information from members of the community that these members are easily available to provide information. Using this method, women referring to the legal center of Mazandaran province of Sari center (North of Iran) for the first time due to domestic violence were selected by the researcher at each visit from the legal medicine organization, and this was done until the required number obtained. A total of 132 women who were referred to the forensic medicine organization were examined. Data collection tools were sexual satisfaction and marital conflicts questionnaires and data analysis was performed using SPSS 20 using Pearson correlation coefficient.

There was a significant negative relationship between marital conflicts and sexual satisfaction (r=–0.322, ‏p˂‏0.001).

Based on the findings of the present study, which showed that sexual satisfaction has a significant negative relationship with marital conflicts, it is necessary to pay attention to having sexual satisfaction in marital relations in medical interventions and family education.

Considering that a person’s identity in formed during adolescence and that such identity formation is of particular importance in this period and the many factors that play important roles in it, the present study was conducted to determine the factors related with identity formation among high school students in Mazandaran Province, Iran.

This was a descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study. The participants were 394 high school students in Mazandaran Province, Iran selected by random cluster sampling. Data were collected using 3 questionnaires, namely, the Benion and Adams Identity Scale Questionnaire (EOM-EIS-2), the Identification Factors Questionnaire and a Demographic Questionnaire. For data analysis, Wilcoxon, Spearman correlation and linear regression tests were used.

Over half (51.8%) of the participants were girls and 48.2% boys. The results of regression analysis showed that the factors studied (family, personality, school, community and culture and media) could explain 22.7%, 11.2%, 10.5% and 21.2% of the variance in turbulent, early, delayed and advanced self-identification in adolescents, respectively.

Based on the results of this study, it is recommended to organize parenting and student training courses and make the school environment more favorable for the students, as well as include extracurricular activities in the school to help students identify themselves more easily.

One of the achievements of family developments is conflicts in relations between couples. The results of conflicts are loosening marital relations and followed by the increasing rate of divorce.This study aimed to predict marital conflict on the basis of sexual scheama, sexual function and sexual satisfaction among women involved in domestic violence referred to the legal medical center in Sari city.

This research is descriptive correlational.Statistical population included all laydies referred to Legal Medicine Organization in the first half of 2016, respectively.For this purpose, the 95 samples were selected through random method. In order to collect data, . Four questionnaires consist of, marital conflict; sexual stereotypes, sexual satisfaction and sexual function were administered. Data analysis was performed through Pearson’s correlation coefficient and regression analysis by SPSS21.

The findings showed that there was a significant negative relationship between sexual schemas and marital conflicts (p <0.05), sexual function with marital conflicts Significant reverse relationship (p <0.05), and sexual satisfaction with marital conflicts of women involved in domestic violence had a significant negative relationship (p <0. 0).

It can be concluded that with the increase in sexual performance, sexual schema and sexual satisfaction, the level of marital conflicts decreases. Therefore, considering the importance of positive sex schemata, high sexual performance, and high sexual satisfaction in predicting marital conflicts, the need for attention to informing women about the knowledge of positive sex scenes, sexual performance, and sexual satisfaction is necessary.

According to WHO Expert Committee on Drug Dependence, treatment refers to a process in which the person who has substance abuse disorder is put under contact with a care system or a physician or any social service and moves in an interceptive direction in order to achieve the highest welfare, health and public health level (WHO, 1998). The aim of present study was to compare the effect of treatment programs of mandatory residential canters versus rehabilitation camps on life satisfaction, emotion regulation and mental health in males with substance abuse disorder in Sari-Iran.
This is a two-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental research. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 260 men with substance abuse disorder. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups in equal numbers, namely, those who were staying in mandatory residential centers, and those who were admitted to rehabilitation camps. One-way covariance (ANOCOVA) and analysis of multivariate variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze the data.
The results showed that the both groups in the pre-intervention and post-intervention were significantly different (p The results highlighted the fact that no method can be effective alone. Therefore, each method can have its practical implications in substance abuse interventions and preventive measures. It can also be concluded that the treatment programs regardless of the particular method of treatment, voluntarily or compulsorily, may merely help those understanding and identifying their own solutions for getting to change and develop with an intention to recover.