فهرست مطالب fariba soheili

The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Parenting Dimensions and Behavior Questionnaire. in this descriptive-normative research, the sample consisted of 329 parents with children aged 7 to 12 years at the elementary educational level who were selected by convenience sampling method in Sanandaj and Marivan in the academic year 1400-1401. To collect data, parenting dimensions and behavior questionnaires (PBDQ, 2015) and Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (APQ, 1990) were used. The results of calculating the content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) with scores higher than 0.83 and 0.75 indicated the appropriateness of the content of the questionnaire. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the 6 main factors of the questionnaire and the good fit of the model. The results of the convergent and divergent validity showed a significant correlation between the subscales of the Dimensions and Parenting Behavior Questionnaire and the subscales of the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (p<01; p<05). The internal consistency of the questionnaire was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α=0/87) and McDonald’s omega coefficient (ꞷ= 0/88). Thus, considering the appropriateness of psychometric properties of the Persian version of the questionnaire (29 items), it can be used in research and evaluation studies to explore more accurately parenting behaviors in Iranian parents.

In this research, an intercultural comparison between medical students from Iran and England was made to investigate the potential impact of culture on empathy and the relationships between empathy and child birth order in the family. The population consisted of medical students of medical universities from three cities: Tehran (Iran), London and Sheffield (England). The sample consisted of 182 students from two countries (88 Iranian, 94 English) which was selected by convenience sampling method. Data was collected by scale of empathy- student version and researcher made demographic questionnaire. Data was analyzed by using student’s t- test, MANOVA and Scheffe post hoc test. Results showed that the physician empathy of Iranian medical students is significantly higher than English students (P <0.01). Also the results showed that birth order of students has a meaningful correlation with their empathy (F=2.96,P<0.05). The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that in the empathy variable, empathic care and self-care is more than English students rather than the patient of Iranian students, but they do not differ in the component of adopting the view. The result of this study reveals the importance of cultural differences and family factors such as birth order on personality factors for instance the physician ability to empathize with patients.