fatemeh safari

Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells are essential in biopharmaceutical manufacturing.  Scientists use CRISPR to enhance productivity. mRNAs contain UTRs that regulate gene expression, affecting protein abundance. Targeting these regions creates desirable knockout cells. The Caspase 8 Associated Protein 2 (CASP8AP2) gene is a promising target for improving host cell viability. This study used the CRISPR-Homology-Independent Targeted Integration (HITI) strategy to modify the 3′UTR region of the CASP8AP2 gene in CHO cells. The aim was to evaluate the effects of CASP8AP2 silencing on cell proliferation, viability, apoptosis, and the cell cycle. CASP8AP2 silencing was assessed post-modification by extracting genomic DNA from modified and unmodified CHO cells, followed by PCR and sequencing to confirm deletions. Cell proliferation and viability were measured using MTT assays, and cell cycle analysis was performed via flow cytometry. Apoptosis was evaluated through Annexin V/PE staining and flow cytometry, with apoptosis resistance assessed by determining the IC50 of sodium butyrate. Results showed CASP8AP2 deletion did not affect cell proliferation or the cell cycle but improved CHO cell viability and increased resistance to apoptosis. The IC50 for sodium butyrate was higher in CASP8AP2 knockout cells (7.84 mM) compared to native cells (3.43 mM), indicating enhanced apoptosis resistance. This study highlights CASP8AP2's role in apoptosis regulation without impacting cell proliferation or the cell cycle. CASP8AP2 deletion enhances viability and resistance to apoptosis, suggesting it as a target for improving recombinant protein production. Further research is needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and develop therapeutic strategies based on this approach.

In press crime, perhaps lower court acquit or convict accused based on jurie’s opinion. The conviction is appealable based on article 43 (3) of Press law 1986, but about appealable of acquittal (no guilty) the law is silent. Is that appealable based on general rules or legislator contemplated to special expediency? 42th branch of supreme court base on inference of 43 (3) of Press law 1986 and foundation of Press law, which is based on liberty of press, upheld acquittal judgment issued by lower court, a non-appeal judgment (final); a judgment that is conform to the nature press activities and liberty of press law.

Sorafenib and sunitinib are tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitors commonly used in chemotherapy. This study aimed to compare the effects of simultaneous treatment with these two anti-tumor drugs on breast (MDA-MB-231) and pancreatic (Panc1) cancer cell lines.

In this experimental study, breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) and pancreatic cancer (Panc1) cell lines were cultured. The cells were then treated simultaneously with sorafenib and sunitinib for 48 hours. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay, while cell migration was evaluated using the Scratch assay.

The IC50 values for both anticancer drugs, sorafenib and sunitinib, were higher in the pancreatic cell line (Panc1) compared to the breast cell line (MDA-MB-231). The simultaneous treatment with these two drugs was more effective in reducing the viability and migration of breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) than in pancreatic cancer cells (Panc1). Furthermore, morphological changes indicative of cancer cell damage were observed more frequently in the breast cell line (MDA-MB-231) following simultaneous treatment with both drugs.

The simultaneous treatment with the tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitors sorafenib and sunitinib was more effective in inhibiting the viability and migration of breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231). This increased effectiveness may be attributed to the higher expression of tyrosine kinase receptors in breast cancer. However, further experiments are necessary to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects.

 Cancer, the second leading cause of mortality worldwide, represents a global health challenge, primarily due to drug resistance. Vinorelbine is a chemotherapeutic agent that disrupts cancer cell growth by targeting microtubules and inducing apoptosis. However, drug resistance remains a formidable obstacle. This resistance is caused by various factors including genetic mutations, drug efflux mechanisms, and DNA repair systems. Resolution of this challenge requires an innovative approach. This study investigated the potential of small interfering RNA (siRNA) to target and downregulate a vinorelbine-resistant MCF-7/ADR breast cancer cell line.

 Cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) 10% fetal bovine serum/penicillin/streptomycin. An siRNA targeting ABCB1 was designed and synthesized, and the cells were transfected with siRNA at final concentrations of 10, 20, and 30 nM. The3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to assess cell viability. ABCB1 mRNA expression levels were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

 MCF-7 cells exhibited a higher sensitivity to vinorelbine than MCF-7/ADR cells. MCF-7/ADR cells exhibited resistance to vinorelbine at concentrations, 12.50 and 25.00 μM. Treatment with siRNA significantly reduced ABCB1 expression by 2.93-fold (P=0.0001). Similarly, co-treatment with siRNA and vinorelbine produced a substantial 2.89-fold decrease in ABCB1 gene expression in MCF-7 cells compared to that in MCF-7/ADR cells (P=0.0001).

 The results of the present study indicate that the concurrent use of siRNA and vinorelbine holds substantial promise as a therapeutic approach to overcome ABCB1-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) in breast cancer. It is necessary to conduct comprehensive clinical trials to determine the true effectiveness of this combination therapy.

The audit report is the product of audit work and the chain of communication between auditors and users. If the auditor's report is not able to present the audit results, in fact the audit objectives have not been achieved and therefore the audit will lack any added economic value.

The purpose of this research is to explain the pattern of audit reports on investor behavior with an emphasis on behavioral biases.

This study was conducted on 220 experts and investment managers and ordinary investors and auditors who were randomly selected in 1401. To analyze the data and test the research hypotheses, the structural equation model was used with the help of Smart-PLS software.

The results of the research hypotheses test show that the type of audit report has a significant effect on rational behavior. Cognitive bias has a mediating/moderating role in influencing the type of audit report on intuitive decision-making and reactive behavior. The reliability control variable has a significant effect on mass behavior, intuitive decision-making and reactive behavior.

Innovation:

 This research adds new findings in line with the consequences of the type of audit report by examining how its clauses affect investors' behavior.

Auditing is an integral part of the economic information reporting process, enabling users to make informed judgments and decisions. The increasing growth and complexities of society also expand the need for auditing as a part of the reporting process. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the impact of the type of audit report on investors' behavior.

This study was conducted on 220 experts, investment managers, regular investors, and auditors who were randomly selected in 2021. To analyze the data and test the research hypotheses, a structural equation model was employed with the assistance of SmartPLS software.

Audit reports can impact stock prices for two main reasons. Firstly, the audit report may contain information that influences the estimation of future cash flow amounts and risks. Any data that could prompt a revision of these elements is linked to stock prices. Secondly, the audit report may provide essential details about the company's operational continuity (e.g., the audit report on operational continuity). The report should consistently mirror the auditor's access to internal information like projected data and management strategies, and the auditor's reporting choices disclose some confidential information.

The type of audit report significantly influences investors' rational behavior. When making investment decisions, investors prioritize logic and rationality over emotions.

CHO cells are preferred for producing biopharmaceuticals, and genome editing technologies offeropportunities to enhance recombinant protein production. Targeting apoptosis-related genes, such as Caspases 8-Associated Protein 2 (CASP8AP2), improves CHO cell viability and productivity. Integrating robust strategies with the CRISPR-Cas9 system enables its application in CHO cell engineering. This study was performed to develop a cost-effective protocol using the CRISPR-Cas9 system combinedwith the HITI strategy for simultaneous CASP8AP2 gene deletion/insertion in CHO cells and to assess its impact on cellviability and protein expression. We developed an efficient protocol for CHO cell engineering by combining CRISPR/Cas9with the HITI strategy. Two distinct sgRNA sequences were designed to target the 3’ UTR region of the CASP8AP2 geneusing CHOPCHOP software. The gRNAs were cloned into PX459 and PX460-1 vectors and transfected into CHO cellsusing the cost-effective PEI reagent. A manual selection system was employed to streamline the process of single-cellcloning. MTT assays assessed gene silencing and cell viability at 24, 48, and 72 hours. Flow cytometry evaluated proteinexpression in CASP8AP2-silenced CHO cells. The study confirmed the robustness of combining CRISPR-Cas9 with the HITI strategy, achieving a high60% efficiency in generating knockout clones. PEI transfection successfully delivered the constructs to nearly 65%of the clones, with the majority being homozygous. The protocol proved feasible for resource-limited labs, requiringonly an inverted fluorescent microscope. CASP8AP2 knockout (CHO-KO) cells exhibited significantly extended cellviability compared to CHO-K1 cells when treated with NaBu, with IC50 values of 7.28 mM and 14.25 mM at 48 hours,respectively (P-value: 24 hours = < 0.0001, 48 hours = < 0.0001, P-value: 72 hours = 0.0007). CHO CASP8AP2-silencedcells showed a 1.3-fold increase in JRed expression compared to native cells. CRISPR-Cas9 and HITI strategy was used to efficiently engineer CHO cells for simultaneous CASP8AP2gene deletion/insertion, which improved cell viability and protein expression.

Despite of physiological and biochemical investigation on plants responses to drought stress, many plants, including calendula, can not cope with stress through internal mechanisms. Therefore, the aim of this study was to reduce the negative effects of drought stress on calendula using magnetic field as an environmentally friendly method. This experiment was performed as a factorial (2 factors) in a completely randomized design with 11 replications. Factors included tree levels of magnetic field (zero, 1.5 and 3 Tesla) and tree levels of drought stress (100, 80 and 60 perecentage of field capacity). The results showed that with decreasing irrigation, morphological characteristics such as leaf fresh weight, fresh weight and root length, fresh weight, number and diameter of flowers, height decreased. The magnetic field factor was also significant on the properties expressed at the 1% level. So that the magnetic field treatment was able to increase the fresh weight of leaves at the irrigation level of 60 % of field capacity and increased the fresh weight of flowers at all levels of irrigation. Treatment with 1.5 T magnetic field in interaction with irrigation levels caused a significant increase in total chlorophyll, carbohydrate, proline and total phenol compared to the control. However, 3 T magnetic treatment did not show a positive and significant effect on plant traits. In general, the treatment of magnetic fields by creating resistance mechanisms in drought stress conditions can replace chemical methods that have adverse effects on the environment.

Diagnosing hematologic malignancies requires implementing several tests. This study aims to evaluate the chromosomal changes in patients with myeloid disorders and compare the results of flow cytometry and cytogenetics with the initial diagnosis performed by the oncologist.

115 patients with myeloid disorders, 57.2% males and 42.8% females with a mean age of 50.3 years, previously diagnosed by an oncologist based on the clinical features, complete blood count, and peripheral blood smear interpretations, were considered. Moreover, flow cytometry and cytogenetic analysis were implemented on the bone marrow samples.

Cytogenetic results showed that 30% of patients with myeloid disorders had abnormal karyotypes. 77% of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes, 65% of acute myeloid leukemia, and 30.7% of chronic myeloid leukaemia indices showed normal karyotypes, and the others resulted in common and uncommon abnormalities, including the translocation (13;17), 92, XXYY, and del (4q). Considering the flow cytometry and karyotype results, the improved diagnoses were made for 41 patients who had not been diagnosed initially.

This study showed that, in some cases, an initial diagnosis is inconsistent with the flow cytometry and karyotype analysis results. Also, the flow cytometry results may differ from the karyotype depending on the case. Therefore, combining the results obtained by the cytogenetic investigation, flow cytometry, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and molecular testing is preferable to provide a comprehensive report for the appropriate disease diagnosis and prognosis.

FAT atypical cadherin 1 (FAT1) is a member of the cadherin superfamily whose loss or gain is associated with the initiation and/or progression of different cancers. FAT1 overexpression has been reported in hematological malignancies. This research intended to investigate FAT1 gene expression in adult Iranian acute leukemia patients, compared to normal mobilized peripheral blood CD34+ cells.

The peripheral blast (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) cells of 22 acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 14 acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) patients, and mobilized peripheral blood CD34+ cells of 12 healthy volunteer stem cell donors were collected. Then, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to compare FAT1 gene expression.

Overall, there were no significant differences in FAT1 expression between AML and ALL patients (p>0.2). Nonetheless, the mean expression level of FAT1 was significantly higher in leukemic patients (AML and ALL) than in normal CD34+ cells (p=0.029). Additionally, the FAT1 expression levels were significantly higher in both CD34+ and CD34- leukemic patients than in normal CD34+ cells (p=0.028).

No significant differences were found between FAT1 expression in CD34+ and CD34- leukemic samples (p> 0.3). Thus, higher FAT1 expression was evident in ALL and AML leukemia cells but this appeared unrelated to CD34 expression. This suggests in a proportion of adult acute leukemia, FAT1 expression may prove to be a suitable target for therapeutic strategies.

Gastric cancer is the sixth most frequent malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the world with poor survival rate. Early detection may increase patient’s survival and reduce mortality. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs which function as negative regulators of genes expression in post-transcriptional level. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of miR-34a and miR-375 in the plasma of gastric cancer patients in Guilan province.Methods and materials: In this study, 25 gastric cancer patients and 25 healthy individuals in Guilan province during 2018-2019 were enrolled. The expression of miR-34a and miR-375 was evaluated in plasma of patients with Gastric cancer and healthy individuals by Q-RT-PCR method. The correlation between their expression and patient’s clinicopathological characteristics was also investigated. ROC curve analysis of the miRNAs was performed.

There was no significant difference in the plasma level of miR-34a and miR-375 in gastric cancer patients compared to control. There was no significant difference between the the plasma level of miR-34a and miR-375 and clinicopathological features of patients. Area under the curve (AUC) value of ROC analysis for miR-34a was 0.56±0.08 (P=0.42). Area under the curve (AUC) value of ROC analysis for miR-375 was 0.62±0.08 (P=0.14).

Our results suggested that miR-34a and miR-375 probably don’t be appropriate biomarkers for diagnosis of gastric cancer in Guilan province.

Iran is located in the arid and semi-arid belt of the world, which is characterized by low rainfall, thunderstorms, flood flows, and high evapotranspiration. So, quantitative evaluation of evapotranspiration on a regional scale is necessary for water resources management, crop production, and environmental assessments in irrigated lands. In recent years, many crop models are developed for simulation of crop growth and yield in various fields and irrigation managements. These models can simulate crop growth and crop yield. AquaCrop model is a pervasive model and is developed by FAO that can be used in growth simulating and modeling of many crops. In this study, the effect of different methods for estimation of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) on actual evapotranspiration (ET) and biomass at five stations by AquaCrop model was studied and evaluated. For this purpose, the reference evapotranspiration rate was estimated by using two temperature methods and three radiation methods and the results were statistically evaluated by the reference method FAO-56. Based on the evaluation, temperature method, the Blaney-Criddle had for both parameters of ET and biomass in five stations with R2 value greater than 0.5 (strong), moderate to excellent NRMSE and NS close to one, the Turc and the Makkink, radiation methods, with R2 greater than 0.5, excellent NRMSE and NS equal to 0.99 for biomass in five stations were the best. Among the radiation methods for ET, the Priestley-Taylor method had medium and strong R2, good to medium NRMSE and NS equal to 0.96 in Qazvin and Mashhad stations and the Turc method with R2 greater than 0.5, excellent NRMSE and NS equal to 0.98 for Urmia had an optimal and better simulation compared to other estimation methods. Among the studied radiation methods, no suitable method was found to evaluate ET for Rasht and Yazd stations.

Hypertension-induced left ventricular hypertrophy is an independent risk factor of heart failure and sudden death. Progression of cardiac hypertrophy is accompanied by activation of apoptosis signaling pathways. Tropisteron is a 5HT-3 receptor antagonist that its cardioprotective effects has been revealed by recent studies. Though, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. The aim of the current study is to investigate the effect of tropisetron on gene expression of BNP (as the hypertrophy marker) and pro-apoptotic factors (BAD and BAX) in the rat model of hypertrophic heart.

Male Wistar rats (n = 24) were divided to the following groups: (I) control group including intact animals, (II) un-treated hypertrophy group (hypertrophy), (III) tropisetron-treated rats (3 mg/kg/day, 21 days)  during progression of hypertrophy (tropisetron + hypertrophy group), (IV) tropisetron-treated rats without induction of hypertrophy (tropisetron group). The left ventricular hypertrophy model was induced by surgical abdominal aortic banding. Gene expression was assessed by Real-time PCR.

cardiac BNP mRNA level increased significantly in Hypertrophy group compared to the control (p < 0.001). In the tropisetron + hypertrophy group, BNP mRNA level was decreased significantly when compared with un-treated Hypertrophy group (p < 0.05). The transcription level of BAD was also upregulated in left ventricle of un-treated hypertrophy group (p < 0.001 vs. control). However, in the Tropisetron+Hypertrophy group, BAD mRNA level was decreased significantly compared to the untreated hypertrophy group (p < 0.001). The transcription level of BAX did not change significantly among the experimental groups.

Tropisetron can prevent the progression of pressure overload-induced hypertrophy to heart failure at least in part by decreasing BAD expression.
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This paper investigates the performance of differential protection of power transformers in the presence of internal faults, external faults, and cross-country faults in the presence of current transformers saturation, which is one of the main innovations of this study. Today, detection and discrimination of cross-country faults from other disturbances are one of the most important challenges facing protection engineers. Therefore, in this study, maximum overlap discrete wavelet transform has been used in order to accurately detect and classify these disturbances based on the extraction of energy coefficient indices of superior features. First, the cross-country faults, internal faults and external electrical faults, and inrush current phenomenon on the system under study in the EMTP software are simulated and differential current is sampled in different disturbances. Then, the mean indices of the sum of energy coefficient each level are calculated by MODWT by MATLAB software, and based on the values of indices, discrimination and classification of events are done. The results obtained from the simulations confirm that the proposed protection algorithm can detect and classify cross-country faults from other disturbances. Also, this method will improve the differential protection performance in different operating conditions and increase the reliability of power systems.

Recent reports of febrile and inflammatory syndromes have emerged in communities with high levels of Coronavirus infection. The syndrome has been referred to as Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C). Herein, we report a case of a 12- year–old boy with MIS-C, who presented initially with enlarged cervical lymphadenitis and retropharyngeal edema.

The polymorphism associated with liver fat content, which is well-known as PNPLA3 rs738409 (Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3), is one of the critical subjects widely investigated in the literature regarding the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) worldwide. The present research aimed to study the bioinformatics investigations of this polymorphism together with the in vitro analyses among patients with NAFLD.

In this case-control study, after performing bioinformatics analysis, the laboratory examination was performed in several steps. Genomic DNA was extracted from the blood of 53 NAFLD patients and 107 subjects with normal liver ultrasounds. PNPLA3 rs738409 was genotyped by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The laboratory test results, including fasting blood sugar, triglyceride, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase were collected from medical records. Finally, statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, version 18.0.

The frequency of the G allele was 56% and 36% among patients and in the control group, respectively. The frequency of genotypes was 35.8% and 47.7% (CC), 17% and 31.8% (CG), 47.2% and 20.6% (GG) in patients and control groups, respectively. The adjusted odds ratios for PNPLA3 rs738409 C>G were 3.0 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.28-6.98, P=.011) and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.25- 1.83, P = .44) for GG and CG genotypes, respectively.

The findings showed the association between the GG genotype and the presence of NAFLD. Furthermore, the bioinformatics findings suggested the probable risk of the disease incidence regarding the change of hydropathic characteristics resulting from the amino acid substitution.

Cadmium has similar chemical and physical properties to metals such as zinc and copper, can be transferred to cells via an ionic and molecular process, and disrupts cell biological functions and homeostasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cadmium chloride on serum and tissue levels of zinc and copper, Also, the protective role of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in preventing cadmium-induced toxicity and tissue inflammation in the lung tissue of rats exposed to single-dose and continuous-dose cadmium.

30 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups of six in this interventional-experimental study. The control group only received regular water and food. The first group received a single dose treatment of 80 mg/kg of cadmium chloride on the first day of the study, while the second group received a continuous dose of 2.5 mg / kg of cadmium chloride every other day for 4 weeks.  On the first day of the study, the third group received a single dose of 80 mg / kg cadmium chloride along with 50 mg / kg N-acetylcysteine. For four weeks, the fourth treatment group received a continuous dose of 2. 5 mg of cadmium chloride along with 50 mg of N-acetylcysteine. Cadmium chloride and N-acetylcysteine were administered to the animals via gavage. At the end of the treatment period, blood samples from the heart were taken to determine the level of the elements. After anesthesia, lung tissue was removed from the chest and part of it was used for histological work, while the other part was used to measure element levels.

Treatment with cadmium chloride showed a decrease in serum copper levels in the second treatment group compared to the control group (P-value <0.01). In addition, cadmium chloride treatment in the second treatment group compared to the control group caused a significant reduction in copper tissue level (P-value <0.001). Cadmium chloride treatment reduced serum zinc levels in the second treatment group compared to the control group (P-value <0.01). Tissue level of zinc in the second treatment group compared to the control showed a significant decrease (P-value <0.001). Simultaneous treatment of cadmium chloride and N-acetylcysteine ​​in the fourth treatment group as a continuous dose compared to the second treatment group caused a significant increase in serum copper level (P-value <0.05). And copper tissue level in the fourth treatment group increased significantly compared to the second treatment group (P-value <0. 001). Also, simultaneous treatment of cadmium chloride and N-acetylcysteine ​​in the fourth treatment group showed that serum zinc level (P-value <0.05) and tissue level of zinc (P-value <0.01) were significantly higher than the second treatment group.

Continuous N-acetylcysteine administration reduces the toxicity of cadmium chloride in rats exposed to a continuous dose of cadmium chloride and improves serum and tissue copper and zinc levels.

Candida auris, a multidrug-resistant yeast, can cause primary or secondary infections in a wide range of patients, including those diagnosed with the new coronavirus to even healthy individuals. The fungus has been reported in less than a decade on all six continents and in more than 45 countries. Ease of distribution, long shelf life, and resistance to several antifungal drugs have raised concerns about the prevention and management of patients with C. auris infection. Recent reports indicate serious challenges in identifying, understanding the mechanism of drug resistance, and preventing mortality from the infection with this microorganism. Given the prevalence of COVID-19 infection, it is important to identify patients colonized with C. auris correctly and at the early stages, to control and prevent a possible outbreak. In this article, the widespread occurrence of infections due to C. auris in the world and Iran, its clinical manifestations, risk factors, pathogenic mechanisms, diagnostic enhancements and challenges, drug resistance, treatment options, prevention, and control as well as concomitant C. auris infections in patients with COVID-19 virus, are reviewed.

The multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen Candida auris has been associated with healthcare. We need to address COVID-19 pandemic as well as the ongoing global fungal epidemic caused by C. auris, a multi-drug-resistant fungus spreading rapidly throughout the world. This study was conducted on patients admitted to an ICU in Isfahan, Iran, from November 2020 to February 2021 to determine the spectrum of C. auris colonization in immunocompromised patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit (ICU). Therefore, clinical swabs were collected from 32 immunocompromised patients for C. auris detection upon ICU admission after 7 to 14 days. A rich culture medium was used to evaluate C. auris growth at a higher temperature (40°C) and salinity (10% wt/vol) in Sabouraud dextrose agar, which can be used in combination with a C. auris-specific polymerase chain reaction method. C. auris was not isolated in the clinical samples of patients. The most common colonizer was Candida albicans, followed by C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, and C. tropicalis. Candida glabrata was the only species with noticeable growth in the Salt SDA, with D-Mannitol as a carbon source. Currently, C. auris is not a common cause of systemic or superficial fungal infections in Iran. The screening of patients admitted to the ICU for C. auris could aid in the identification of colonized patients and could simplify the application of infection control measures.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with cardiometabolic changes, and menopause exacerbates these conditions, leading to a greater risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), which mediates the rapid effects of estrogen, has beneficial cardiac effects in both T2DM and menopause, but its mechanism of action is not well understood.

This study aimed to determine whether G1 as a selective GPER-agonist has beneficial effects on cardiac lipid metabolism in ovariectomized rats with T2DM.

Female Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups (n = 7 in each group): Sham-control (Sh-Ctl), T2DM, ovariectomized-T2DM (OVX-T2DM), OVX-T2DM-G1 (GPER-agonist), and OVX-T2DM-vehicle (OVX-T2DM-Veh). After stabilization of T2DM, G1 (200 μg/Kg) was administrated for 6 weeks. Then, the levels of free fatty acids (FFAs), CD36, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), and lipid accumulation in the cardiac tissue were determined.

Compared with the Sh-Ctl group, cardiac FFAs (P < 0.001), CD36 (P < 0.05), and lipid accumulation (P < 0.001) increased, and cardiac PPARα (P < 0.01) decreased in T2DM animals; ovariectomy intensified these changes. Also, cardiac FFAs, PPARα, and lipid accumulation (P < 0.05) significantly decreased in the OVX-T2DM-G1 group compared to the OVX-T2DM-Veh group. However, cardiac CD36 levels did not change.

G1 as a selective GPER-agonist affects lipid metabolism in T2DM animals. It also plays a vital role in improving cardiac metabolism during postmenopausal diabetic conditions.

The main purpose of this study is Investigating the impact of Supply Chain Business Intelligence capability on the supply chain agility performance by agile supply chain capabilities mediation in Zarif Mosavvar’s Boroujen Company.

The present study is an applied study in terms of purpose and a descriptive survey in terms of research method. Standard questionnaire of Sangari and Razmi (2015) was used to measure the variables of the research model. After measuring the rational validity, divergence and convergence of the research tool its reliability was also estimated 0/74 by Cronbach's alpha method, which was done through the participation of 296 managers and employees of Zarif Mosavvar’s Boroujen Company whom were selected by simple random sampling. The data analysis method has been used in two descriptive and inferential levels and it was done through SPSS 21 and WarpPLS7 softwares.

The research findings showed that Supply Chain Business Intelligence, with a determination cofficient of 0.94 mediated by agile Supply Chain capabilities, had a very powerful and significant effect on the agile performance, which represents the high predictive power of the business intelligence components. Also, the path of Supply Chain Business Intelligence capabilities with path coefficient of 0.89 and p <0.001 significance had the most impact on Supply Chain agility performance.

Thus a strong business intelligence culture is required to take full advantage of investments in business intelligence processes and technologies, and provides a better understanding of the determinants of business intelligence culture in an in-house supply chain.

 Prostate Cancer (PCa) is the major reason for the high mortality rates among men worldwide. In fact, current therapeutic approaches are not successful. It appears that discovering more effective methods considering several parameters such as availability, low cost, and no toxicity to normal cells is one of the biggest challenges for interested researchers. Green tea (extracted from the plant Camellia sinensis) with high level of polyphenolic compounds and as the most globally consumed beverage has attracted considerable interest. MicroRNAs (or miRNAs) were considered as novel tools in cancer therapy which modulate various biological events in cell by regulation of gene expression. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the antitumor activity of green tea in LNCaP cells through up-regulation of miR-181a expression.

 First, LNCaP cells were cultured and by using quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot methods, the expression levels of Bax and BCL2 were analyzed. Next, a 3D cell culture model was applied to evaluate the expression of miRNA-181a in LNCaP cells.

 It was shown that green tea induced cellular apoptosis. The high number of apoptotic nuclei was also shown by using DAPI staining. The inhibition of tumor growth was revealed by analyzing the size and number of spheroids. Also, up-regulation of miR-181a expression in LNCaP cells was revealed after treatment with green tea.

 Our results are helpful to design antitumor regimens based on consumption of green tea through up-regulation of miRNA-181a expression and induction of apoptosis.

Electronic trade secrets are data messages that have independently the economic value but are not available to the public, and a reasonable effort should be made to protect and safeguard them. In the absence of any of these features, the relevant message data will lose its commercial head feature and will not enjoy the legal protections that exist for such message data. Proof of the existence of these conditions in the case of any message data is on the burden of the owner who claims that his business has been misused, thus resulting in criminal or legal liability for the defendant. The Electronic Commerce Law adopted in 2003 defines trade secrets and then a number of crimes committed against these secrets, and determines its punishment. In this research, the concept and application of this trade secret has been examined, which has been criticized from aspects such as the concept of economic value and the role of having a secret in criminal protection.

Tracheoesophageal voice prostheses (TVPs) have been the gold standard in rehabilitation, after laryn-gectomy, producing faster and premier voicing towards esophageal speech. Fungal colonization shortens the device’s lifetime and leads to prosthesis dysfunction, leakage, and subsequent respiratory infection. Therefore, in the current study, we aimed to investigate the fungal colonization patterns and to propose prophylactic measures that shall in-crease the longevity of voice prosthesis.

Failed TVPs were removed -due to leakage and/or aspiration -from 66 post laryngectomy patients and examined. They were referred to Amiralam and Rasoul Hospital, the main centers of Ear, Nose, and Throat in Teh-ran, Iran from April 2018 to January 2020. Fungal colonization patterns wereassessed using DNA sequencing tech-niques. Furthermore, the susceptibility to fluconazole, amphotericin B, nystatin, and white vinegar was evaluated ac-cording to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines.

Resident fungal species from the upper airways colonized all the 66 TVPs (100%). Diabetes (31%) and smoking (98%) were the predominant underlying disease and predisposing factors, respectively. Among the 79 fungal agents isolated from the 66 TVPs, Candida glabrata(n=25, 31.7%) was the most common. A significant reduction in minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were observed for white vinegar when used alone (P<0.05).

White vinegar at a very low concentration could decrease the amount of fungal colonization on TVPs without any adverse effects; its wide accessibility and affordability ensure a decrease in the overall health cost.

Long-term surge of heart loads causes cell hypertrophy. Left ventricular hypertrophy is an adaptive response of the heart to pathological stimuli such as hypertension. B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family members play an essential role in this process regulation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of thymol on the transcription level of Bcl-2 family factors in the rat model of left ventricular hypertrophy.

Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: 1- Control 2-Untreated hypertrophy (H), 3 and 4 groups which received 25 and 50 mg/kg/day of thymol (H + Tym25 and H + Tym50 groups, respectively). Hypertrophy was induced by abdominal aortic banding, and the real time polymerase chain reaction technique was used for gene expression.

Data showed that in the H group, the mRNA level of the BAD was increased significantly (p ˂ 0.001). However, the transcription level of BAX was increased in the H and H+Tym25 compared with the control group. In the H + Tym50 group, BAX mRNA level decreased significantly compared to the H group (p ˂ 0.05).

Our findings demonstrated that the expression rates of the antiapoptotic factor, Bcl-2, was significantly increased in the H group (p < 0.01) and thymol-treated hypertrophy groups (p < 0.001). Interestingly, the upregulation of Bcl-2 mRNA was statistically significant in the H+Tym50 group compared with H and H + Tym25 groups (p < 0.01). The results showed that thymol could protect heart hypertrophied by increasing the expression of anti-apoptotic factors.