fatemeh sayadi

Osteoporosis and periodontitis are two diseases associated with bone loss and are common among postmenopausal women. There are many contradictory results on the effect of osteoporosis on periodontal tissue. This study aimed to determine the association between osteoporosis and periodontal status in postmenopausal women.

This cross-sectional study was part of the second phase of the Amir kola Health and Aging Project (AHAP), in which 210 postmenopausal women were randomly divided into three groups (n=70 per group); normal bone density group,  osteopenic group, and osteoporotic group. Periodontal status was measured using Periodontal Disease Index (PDI), Plaque Index (PI), and Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S). Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Data were analyzed in SPSS V17 applying ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and Pearson correlation coefficient.

The average age of the participants was 65.24±4.36 years. There were no statistically significant differences between the mean OHI (2.26±1.40), PDI (2.76±1.42), and PI (1.23±0.87) in the osteoporotic group, and the mean OHI (2.01±1.62), PDI (2.56±1.61), and PI (1.35±0.91) in the osteopenia group, and mean OHI (1.73±1.37), PDI (2.47±1.43), and PI (1.23±0.87) in the normal group (P>0.05). The OHI, PDI, and PI had a slight but insignificant negative correlation with BMD.

According to this study, there is no link between osteoporosis and periodontal status in postmenopausal women.

Considering that nutrition plays a prominent role in the health of the elderly, oral health and the associated quality of life are very important for a healthy diet. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among the elderly in Amirkola.

 This study was part of the second phase of the Amirkola elderly cohort study conducted on 750 older people who underwent a special oral and dental examination in 2016-2020 using the Oral Health Questionnaire. The frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption was assessed with the  Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency  Questionnaire (SQFFQ), OHRQoL was assessed with the  General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI), and information on age, sex, history of systemic diseases, and the number of teeth was extracted from the full data set completed by specialists for each patient. Data were analyzed with SPSS 20 using the chi-square statistical test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient. A value of p<0.05 was considered significant.

 Non-smokers and people with a higher level of education had a better OHRQoL (P=0.022 and P=0.036, respectively). There was no significant relationship between the frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption and OHRQoL, but a significant relationship was found between the frequency of fresh herb consumption and OHRQoL (p=0.005). In men, there was a significant relationship between the number of teeth and frequency of vegetable consumption as well as between OHRQoL and frequency of fresh herb consumption in men (P=0.048, r=0.096).In women, a significant relationship was observed between the frequency of total vegetable consumption and OHRQoL (p=0.021, r=0.129).

According to the results of the present study, it was found that the amount of fruit and vegetable consumption has no effect on improving the OHRQoL among the elderly of Amirkola city.

Hypertension is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world. The prevalence of hypertension in the elderly is increasing. Patients with high blood pressure have to take medication throughout their lives. In this study, the relationship between antihypertensive drugs and oral health-related quality of life in the elderly was evaluated.

This modified cross-sectional study, which is the part of the second phase of the Amirkola Health and Ageing Project (AHAP), was performed on 900 elderly people. Participants included 300 people with hypertension under medical treatment, 300 people with hypertension without medication and 300 people with normal blood pressure. All patients’ blood pressure was recorded, and the standard xerostomia questionnaire and GOHAI questionnaire (Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index) was completed for all participants. Then, the obtained data were analyzed by SPSS 17, whereby student’s t-test, ANOVA and chi square, Pearson correlation coefficient and logistic regression model were used. A p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The mean GOHAI score in the three studied groups: hypertensive under medication treatment, hypertensive without medication treatment and normal blood pressure (51.1±7.4, 51.7±7.3, 51.1±7.5, respectively) did not differ significantly (P=0.533).The frequency of xerostomia was significantly different in the three groups (P=0.008). Among the antihypertensive drugs, the highest rate of xerostomia was due to the use of calcium channel blockers (31.1%) and diuretics (26.8%).

In our study, although antihypertensive medications were associated with xerostomia, they did not decrease the oral health-related quality of life.

For more than 40 years, Robert Dahl’s theory of polyarchy democracy has been considered by scholars as one of the most effective, robust, and enlightening forms of contemporary revisionist democratic theory. The English version of this book was published in 1971 and its translation was published in 2018. Polyarchy is defined as a set of institutional arrangements that allow for public opposition and inclusive participation in politics. The central assumption of the sign in this book, which involves a linear process, is that when hegemonic systems and competitive dictatorships move toward multiculturalism, opportunities for effective participation and questioning increase. Therefore, the number of individuals, groups, and interests whose policy priorities are considered increases. In this article, an attempt is made to examine the intellectual background and studies of Robert Dahl over two decades (1970-1950) and to identify the roots of the development of his theory of polyarchy democracy, presented in the form of an independent book, in his earlier works.

Different disciplines of medical science have a close connection with the health of the public. Lack of awareness of the field of study and disinterest to it will have consequences on the educational and health system. While recognizing the field of study and interest in it increases the sense of responsibility and efficiency of individuals in the provision of services. The purpose of this study was to determine the students' interest in their field of study and the factors influencing it from the viewpoint of students of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. In this descriptive-analytical study, 210 students from Zahedan University of Medical Sciences were randomly selected. The method of collecting information was field-based and using a valid questionnaire, including 21 questions (14 items with Likert Triple Scale). Data were entered into SPSS software (Version.20). The confidence level was considered as 0.05. The average interest rate of students in their field of study was 68.3 ± 27.3. 60.3% of the women were female and the rest were male The mean age of the subjects was 21.2±3.3 years. It was found that there was a significant relationship between the level of interest of individuals with marital status (P <0.0001) and previous knowledge of subjects when choosing a course (P <0.0001). The results of this study showed that the students' interest in their field of study was relatively good, but less than half of them had chosen their field of study without prior knowledge.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship role of family in the competence of university graduates is family Yazdi. This research was survey and questionnaires were used to collect data techniques. The population of this research Yazdi families who are university graduates, are based on a sample of 384 families were selected as sample. After calculating the validity and reliability, data spss software and statistical methods, ANOVA test and Pearson correlation and regression analysis were analyzed. Results showed the role of family (Order in the family include: synchronous, sympathy, and empathy The chance as well as socio-economic status, including parental education, father's occupation, income and housing situation), In the competence of graduates was confirmed. The results of regression equation among the respondents indicated that total by 3 covariates, both happiness and sympathy could 17/0% of the variance explained merit. In other words, 279/0 covariate factor in explaining the merits has the greatest impact.

Click synthesis of 1,4 and 1,5-disubstituted 1,2,3triazoles from benzyl azide and ethyl propiolate has been studied by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) from the structural and thermochemical viewpoints in the gas phase and in presence of three different solvent, water, dioxane and tetrahydrofuran (THF) using polarized continuum model. On the basis of calculated thermodynamical results, it has been demonstrated that the production of 1,4-disubstituted regioisomer is more favorable than 1,4-disubstituted regioisomer. Moreover, a significant decrease in the computed values of the reaction enthalpy and free energy changes was obtained in the three solution phases in comparison with the gas phase. Furthermore, the thermodynamical preference in using water as the solvent was obtained in comparison with dioxane and THF to that is in agreement with experimental observations. In next step, electronic and structural origins of regioselectivity were investigated via analysis of variations in the calculated values of some key bond lengths and bond orders. Finally, to present a more concise interpretation on the regioselectivity, we performed the topological analysis of electronic indices via Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecule (QTAIM) approach.

The aim of this study was analysis of relationship between emotional creativity and emotional intelligence with self-efficacy of elite athletes Kermanshah City. Research method was descriptive and type of correlation. Population of study was all elite athletes in Kermanshah City that are present in national teams or have been Experience Membership and sample was 127 person that responded to 3 questionnaire of Eddy et al(1392) emotional intelligence , Sheerer et al (1982) self-efficacy and Averill et al (1999) emotional creativity. For analysis of data used K-S Test, Pierson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. The results showed that, significant relationship between components of Emotional creativity and emotional intelligence with athletes Self-efficacy. Also, components of Emotional creativity and emotional intelligence explain a significantly amount of changes in athletes Self-efficacy. Therefore, we suggest to managers and coaches of sports clubs that, through much attention to these two variables provide Conditions for increased athletic performance and improve their efficiency.

The purpose of this study was to Predict Employee Organizational Performance, According to the Organizational Silence in Office of Youth and Sports of the Kermanshah Province. The research method was descriptive and type of correlation. The statistical population of the study (228 person) consisted of all Employees in the Sports and Youth Offices in Kermanshah Province. According to Kerejci & Morgan, 163 person were randomly cluster. Instruments used in the study, were Questionnaires of Van Dyne et al (2003) Organizational silence and Hersey and Goldsmith (2003) Organizational performance that Primary reliability Was conducted Through a pilot study in between 50 person of the Employees in the Sports and Youth Offices in Kermanshah Province and was approved Then Total reliability were reported through Cronbach's alpha, with 163 participants in the year (1394) of the 0/73 and 0/93 For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics was used (K-S Test, Pierson correlation coefficient and multiple regression). The results showed that, significant relationship between organizational silence) r= -./19, P˂. /05 (and organizational performance. Also, the results of stepwise regression analysis Showed that organizational silence respectively can 27 percent of changes from organizational performance to predict. Therefore, we suggest to managers in the sports and youth offices that, through special attention to organizational silence provide Conditions for increase organizational performance.

In this research, the recreational value of the district was determined in order to study the satisfaction value of the recreational district "Chort Lake". The effective elements of willing to pay in Chort Lake's visitors and the average estimation of their willing to pay were determined by conditional evaluation method and two-stage Heckman model. The necessary data were gathered by filling the questionnaire and verbal interview of 274 visitors in spring and summer, 2013. The results show that 85.3% of visitors had the willing to pay for recreation. Using the conditional evaluation method, the willingness to pay per person per visit was estimated 4307.4 Rials. The variables of the recommended cost, monthly revenue of family members, educational level, satisfaction rate, ability of fishing, seasons, satisfaction level and willingness to revisit, are effective elements of the willingness to pay in this method. Based on two-stage Heckman method, the average rate of the willingness to pay was 3843.5 Rials. Monthly revenue, educational level, satisfaction rate, occasions of visiting the competitor places of Chort Lake and satisfaction rate are the effective elements of people's willingness to pay in this method. The optimized method for determining the recreational value of Chort Lake is two-stage Heckman method.

The economic valuation is a basic strategy in improving of environmental policies to achieve ecologically sustainable development. Given these mechanisms lead to an increase in human welfare. Hence, it is important to quantify and understand these resources. In this study, for value of environmental satisfactoriness of Chitgar forest parks, the recreational values were estimated using contingent valuation method, Factors affecting the satisfactoriness using logit models, respectively. The study in 2010 and stratified random sampling area were collected from 242 tourists. The variables of suggested fee, family monthly revenue, the educational level, satisfaction rate, age, the inclination to revisit, and spring and summer has a meaningful effect on people's inclination to pay for taking advantage of recreational useing of this park. The meaningfulness of three variables the suggested fee, family monthly revenue and the educational level is similar to research findings in another forestall parks. WTP for acquiring recreational amenities of Forest Park Chitgar per person per visit was 2559.9 Rials. The rate of forest compared to other parks in the north generally significantly lower. Difference beauty of this park, resulting in significantly different willingness to pay for the acquisition of recreational satisfactoriness they have. Therefore, measures should be taken to increase their satisfaction. The construction of facilities and infrastructure to attract tourists by encouraging and supporting the private sector to invest in this park is recommended.

The economic value can be recognized as an effective solution on the optimization of environmental policies. These systems provide necessary mechanism to increase social welfare. So, evaluating their values by means of numerical approaches could be properly effective. In this research, the recreational value of "Taleghan Dam" was determined by contingent valuation method. Considerable satisfactory elements were also determined by Logit method. Required data for this study has been collected by filling up 162 questionnaires. The results showed that willingness to pay for recreational utilize in Taleghan Dam touristy area was 3027 and 10534 Rials for each person and family, respectively. According to annually visitors of 120,000 persons, the overall recreational value of this tourist area has been reached to 1,264,033,200 Rials. Variables like family revenue, educational level, originality, and the fishery facilities have statistically positive significant effects on the individual willingness to pay for area environmental services. The elements of satisfactory among independent variables has a significant effect on the willingness to pay, while the time that people allocated to visit alternative places have the least effect.