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In order to produce wheat lines with high tolerance to drought and cold stresses, Sadra variety was generated by a cross between Sardari (male) and promising line Azadi/Azar (female) in Maragheh research station. Results of studies in the cold and moderate cold research stations showed that the grain yield means of Sadra, Azar2 and Sardari cultivars were 2394, 2332 and 2214 kgha-1, respectively, so that grain yield of Sadra was 8% and 3% higher than Sardari and Azar2 check cultivars, respectively. Sadra has a good adaptability to different climatic conditions, so that the new cultivar possess a great potential to be more productive during years with higher precipitation. According to the results, the mean grain yield of Sadra, Azar 2 and Sardari cultivars under optimal rainfall conditions were 3330, 3045 and 2522 kgha-1, respectively. Sadra cultivar has good general adaptability and grain yield stability, winter growth habit, high tolerance to cold and drought stresses, date to heading of 137 days, plant height of 80 cm and 1000 kernel weight of 35 gr. One of the most important characteristics of Sadra is its bread-making quality, so that Sadra with Zeleni number of 33, protein content of 11.3%, hardness of 47, wet gluten content of 30, gluten index of 50 and SDS sedimentation volume of 55 has a great bread-making quality. Based on its high yield potential and other appropriate agronomic characteristics, Sadra cultivar was released for cultivation in the cold and moderate cold dryland conditions of Iran.

In order to study the adaptability and yield stability of dryland promising durum wheat genotypes, this experiment was conducted with 22 genotypes of durum wheat plus 2 bread wheat cultivars as checks in RCBD for three cropping seasons (1998- 2001) in six cold research stations in dry land areas. In each location simple ANOV A and combined ANOV A for three years were implemented. Because in combined" analysis (3 years in each location) and according to Hartly Fmax test, the error mean squares (MSe) at different locations were significant, therefore for uniformity of MSe, the experimental locations were divided into two groups. Linn and Binns parameter, coefficient of variation of grain yield and rank method were used for determination of stable cultivars/lines. Results of combined ANOV A in the first group (Maragheh, Sararood and Ardebil) showed that interaction effects of year x location and year x cultivar were significant (P ? 0.01), and also differences among cultivais/lines in grain yield were significant at 5% probability level. Bread wheat cultivars had the highest grain yield and, in durum wheat, lines no. 2 and 4 with 1585 and 1566-1 kgha,respectively were the superior lines. Lines no.2 and 18 had the most stability and grain xield among genotypes. In this group line no.18 with facultative growth habit is recommended for these regions. In the second group (Shirvan, Uromieh and Ghamloo) the effects of year, location, cultivar and also interaction effects of year x location and year x location x cultivar on grain yield were significant. After bread wheat cultivars that had the highest grain yield, durum wheat lines no. 9 and 18 with 756 and 734 kgha-1, respectively were the highest yielding genotypes. Regarding grain yield, results of stability and adaptability analysis and growth habit, these two lines are recommendable for growing in these locations.

To study the stability and adaptability of grain yield of advanced bread wheat genotypes in cold and moderate-cold dryland areas, 16 adanced genotypes were evaluated in Maragheh, sararood, kordestan, Ilam, Zanjan, Shirvan, Orumieh and Ardebil Experimental Stations in 1998 to 2001 cropping seasons. The experimental design in all the locations was randomized complete block design with four replications. In each location simple and combined analysis of variance were implemented. Based on homogeneity of error variances, combined analysis of variance was done over locations and years. Results showed that interaction effect of genotype × year × location was significatn at 1% probability level. A significant difference was also found among the genotypes, and genotypes No. 4(Azar 2) and No. 10(sbn/ 1-64-199) with 1635 and 1597 kgha^-1produced the highest the highest grain yield respectively, sardari(the check cultivar) produced 1485 kgha^-1 of grain yield. Result of stability analysis on grain yield using parametric method of C.V.% and Lin and Binns, and non-parametric method of rank, showed that genotypes No. 4(Azar 2) No. 16(Sardari) and No. 10(Sbn/1-64-199) were the most stable genotypes. Overall based on the mean of grain yield, stability parameters and diseases results, genotype No. 10(Sbn/ 1-64-199) was found to be the highest yielding, most stable and resistant to yellow rust genotype, therefore it was selected as a desirable genotype.