hamid sadeghian

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effects of eight weeks of intense functional exercises on interleukin-6, interleukin-10, CRP, and physical fitness factors among students of Shahid Alavi Boarding School in Minab.

In this semi-experimental research, a pre-test-post-test design with a control group was conducted among the students of Alavi Minab School aged between 14 to 18 years. Thirty students were purposefully selected and randomly divided into two groups. Intense and controlled functional exercises were administered. Measurements of height, weight, body composition, maximum oxygen consumption, and muscle strength were taken from the participants in thepre-test (24 hours before the intervention) and post-test (48 hours after the intervention), followed by a fasting blood draw after 12 hours. The intervention stage spanned eight weeks with three sessions held every week, during which the training group followed the functional program. Meanwhile, the control group continued with their daily activities. The collected data were analyzed using dependent t-tests and covariance.

The results showed that intense functional training reduced interleukin-6 (P<0.05), CRP (P<0.05), body fat percentage (P<0.05), and increased aerobic capacity (P<0.05), muscle strength (P<0.05), and net body mass (P<0.05) significantly.

Based on the results, intense functional training can be used to improve inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors, as well as physical fitness factors, in male students.

In recent years, female characters in the role of the main character of animations have been able to strengthen the audience's sense of identification with deliberate decisions in crises and special situations. The main character in an animation is the center of important events and attracts the children's sense of identity to the character with the type of illustration and animation. Therefore, taking into account the age group of the audience, it is important to examine the elements of attractiveness and plausibility of  main characters in popular animations, especially the recent productions from Walt Disney Company. The important issue is how to illustrate these characters according to events and turning points of the story. Using the descriptive-analytical method and with the aim of understanding the illustration of the main female character based on the threshold position theory of 20th century philosopher Mikhail Bakhtin, this research has investigated six main female characters in the following animations: Brave, Frozen, Zootopia, Moana and Encanto. The characters are from Disney animations from 2012 to 2021. They have been selected due to their popularity and the evolution of the main female character compared to the previous decades. The type of research in terms of method is qualitative and the result of observational and textual data analysis, and its structure is chosen based on the position of the illustrator. According to the theoretical framework, after expressing the behavioral and visual characteristics, each of the studied characters has been analyzed by specifying the level of the threshold position. Studies show that the characters have been illustrated by maintaining the style and special characteristics of Disney, based on race and culture, personality and behavioral characteristics, role and position in the story, non-verbal actions and the placement of the characters in the threshold position and critical moments. Also, each one is illustrated with a distinct element to attract the attention of the audience and strengthen the behavioral characteristics in the story and at the critical moment. From the investigations and findings of behavioral and visual characteristics, character illustration and character actions in Bakhtin's threshold situation theory, it is concluded that; based on their personality and behavioral characteristics, these characters show actions towards a specific and fateful event in their lives, due to which event they are placed in and a critical moment. Getting out of the crisis requires a decisive turn of events, which is accompanied by breaking the custom and being aware of dual confrontations such as failure/victory, death/life. This decision leads to the creation of a wonderful situation that causes regeneration in the life of an individual, family, tribe or society. As a result, the illustration and actions of the main characters are defined in order to strengthen the message of the story and clarify efforts to achieve their goals, beliefs and wishes in harmony with the critical moment and the final decision. So that the characters, by being in a threshold position, can convey the message of the story to the audience and have the greatest effect on its plausible existence.

Acrylamide (ACR) is a neurotoxic agent whose damage could be attenuated by antioxidants administration. Crocetin is a saffron-derived antioxidant that has neuroprotective effects. This study evaluates the protective effects of trans-sodium crocetinate (TSC) and its water-soluble derivative, Bis-N-(N-methylpyprazinyl) crocetinate (BMPC) against ACR neurotoxicity.

PC12 cells were treated with TSC and BMPC (1.95, 3.9, 7.81, 15.62, 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, 500, and 1000 μM) for 24 hr. ACR was then added at a concentration of 6.5 mM (IC50), and cell viability was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide. In the in vivo study, male Wistar rats were treated with ACR (50 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.)) for 11 days alone or in combination with TSC and BMPC (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg, i.p.) or vitamin E (200 IU/kg, i.p.). Motor impairments were then evaluated. The cerebral cortex of sacrificed rats was taken for the malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels measurement.

In vitro studies showed that TSC at a concentration of 7.81 μM and BMPC at concentrations of 3.9, 7.81, and 15.62 μM exhibited the lowest toxicity in acrylamide administration. In the in vivo study, pretreatment with 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg of TSC ameliorated behavioral impairments, but BMPC could not attenuate them. GSH and MDA were improved by 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg TSC and 2.5 mg/kg BMPC.

TSC and BMPC administration improved behavioral index and oxidative stress injuries in Wistar rats exposed to ACR through MDA reduction and GSH content enhancement in the cerebral cortex.

Diabetes and obesity are among the main problems of societies, and the main preventable causes of death all over the world. Also, type 2 diabetes is more common in obese people, and obesity itself causes some degree of insulin resistance. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of an eight-week aerobic training plus a supplement of Portulaca Oleracea seed on metabolic syndrome factors in middle-aged men with Diabetes Type 2 on the threshold of obesity.

In this experimental study, 40 male patients with type 2 diabetes with an average age of 40-65 and BMI between 28 and 30, were selected and then randomly placed into four groups of control (10 people), exercise + placebo (10 people), supplement (10 people), and exercise + supplement (10 people). Lack of a history of regular sports activity and lack of consumption of Portulaca oleracea plant (for the previous 6 months) were controlled. Also, people who had chronic cardiovascular diseases or chronic inflammation, diabetic foot ulcers and hepatitis, as well as people who took vitamin supplements and smoked, were excluded from the study. The training groups had 3 training sessions per week, in the first week, each session lasted for 30 minutes, and in the eighth week, it was changed to 45 minutes of walking without rest with an intensity equal to 50 to 70% of the maximum reserve heart rate. Supplemental groups consumed 5.7 grams of purslane capsules after lunch and dinner daily. The control group was not subjected to any training or supplements during the 8 weeks. Correlated t-test was used to examine intra-group differences, and analysis of covariance was used to examine inter-group differences at a significant level of P<0.05 using SPSS version 26 software.

The results of covariance analysis showed a significant difference in lipid profile values and fasting sugar levels in the three experimental groups compared to the control group (P<0.05).

Probably, the consumption of Portulaca oleracea seed supplement and aerobic exercise improves the lipid profile and fasting sugar in middle-aged men with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, it is recommended for middle-aged men with type 2 diabetes on the verge of obesity to take purslane seed supplement and aerobic exercise.

Recent research has shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) can be regarded as new biomarkers for metabolic and angiogenesis-related diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of resistance training on the expression of miRNAs associated with adipose tissue angiogenesis in rats with a high-fat diet.

Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (each with 10 rats): normal diet, normal diet+resistance training, high-fat diet, and high-fat diet+resistance training. The resistance training groups performed 5 sessions of resistance training protocol each week for 8 weeks. After one week of familiarity with ladders, in the 2nd week, weights of 30% of body weight were attached to the rats’ tails, which gradually reached about 180% of their body weight by the end of 8 weeks. To evaluate the effect of resistance training and a high-fat diet on miR-221, miR-222, miR-329, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) variables, sampling of mesenteric adipose tissue was performed immediately after killing the animals.

The levels of miR-221, miR-222, and VEGF in the resistance training group+normal diet and resistance training group+high-fat diet increased significantly compared to the control groups (P=0.001, and P=0.001, respectively). However, no significant difference was observed in any groups regarding miR-329 (P=0.103).

The results showed that resistance training increased microRNAs levels associated with adipose tissue angiogenesis in rats on a high-fat and normal diet.

Green synthesis as a new method of synthesis of nanoparticles with a simple, biocompatible, safe, and economical approach can be an alternative to chemical and physical processes. Fungi can convert some toxic ions into less harmful forms, including nanoparticles. Nanoparticles with a size of 1 to 100 nanometers have unique quantum properties. Today, the problems of drug resistance have been seen in different species of fungi. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are substances that have been reported to have antifungal properties. The present study aimed to investigate the antifungal effect of biosynthesized SeNPs using Aspergillus fumigatus.

For this purpose, SeNPs were biosynthesized with a specific concentration using A. fumigatus. The presence of nanoparticles was confirmed by various methods, including UV-Vis, FT-IR, FE-SEM, EDX, XRD, DLS, and Zeta potential. Then, susceptibility determination based on the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) testwas performed on standard fungal strains treated with SeNPs.

After confirming the results of nanoparticle biosynthesis, the MICs for Itraconazole and Amphotericin B against the standard fungal strains were 8 and 4 μg/mL respectively. In comparison, MIC values for SeNPs-treated samples were reduced to 1 μg/mL and below.

Due to the increasing resistance of opportunistic fungi to target antifungal drugs, the use of biosafety SeNPs even at low concentrations can have favorable inhibitory effects on the growth of fungal pathogens

Walt Disney Company's works have a special appeal to audiences, especially children and adolescents. One of the main axes of animation production in this studio has been the creation of works on the subject of female characters. These characters were mostly taken from folk tales and literature in the middle of the twentieth century. They are innocent, kind, and obedient girls who are often oppressed. In the shadow of cultural and social developments, the themes and content of heroism in the works mentioned at the beginning of the 21st century and after, have undergone significant changes. The main characters and female heroes in the mentioned works are represented in the form of brave and independence-seeking women with noticeable differences compared to the previous models. Now the main question is, what image does this representation present of the heroine in the pictorial texts of the last decade, and what is the ideological orientation of the text in this representation? The purpose of the research is to examine and analyze the tendency of the text to define feminist discourse in the creation of the protagonist of the target animations in the framework of representational approaches. The two animations of Dalir and Moana are the selected items of this research. The research method is an operational method called Pedam and is based on Fairclough's critical discourse analysis approach. In this native pattern, the three-dimensional Fairclough model, description, interpretation, and explanation are divided into five smaller levels of analysis. The visual actions in the main sequences of both films are the basis of the analysis. Resources have been collected through viewing works and reviewing library and digital data. The findings of the study indicate the presence of images in contrast to the clichéd and stereotypical representation of women, in line with modern and postmodernist views prevailing in the media space. In these two films, stereotyping and counterstereotyping simultaneously play a role in representing the protagonist. The result is that the text, in its constructivist representation of the protagonist, in its representation of the protagonist's childhood, seeks to define and identify a new discourse as opposed to the Disney Studio-centered discourse of feminist discourse.

Exercise and obesity alter angiogenesis in adipose tissue, resulting in large changes in metabolic processes. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of eight weeks of resistance training and high-intensity intermittent aerobic training (HIIAT) on the expression of microRNAs associated with adipose tissue angiogenesis and antiangiogenesis in rats fed a high-fat diet.

In the experimental study, 60 six-week-old male wistar rats (mean body weight = 192.40 ± 11.35) were obtained from Pasteur Institute of Iran. The animals were randomly divided into six equal groups after transfer to the laboratory environment and one week of exposure to the new environment: 1. Normal diet (CO), 2. Normal diet + Resistance training (NRT), 3. Normal diet + HIIAT (NHT), 4. High-fat diet (HF), 5. High-fat diet + Resistance training (HFRT), 6. High-fat diet + HIIAT (HFHT) (n = 10 per group). The training groups performed their training protocol for eight weeks and five sessions per week. Resistance training included climbing a 1-meter ladder with a 90-degree slope and 46 steps. Initially, the weight attached to the rats' tails was 30% of their body weight and gradually reached about 180% of their body weight in the final week. The exercises were performed in five sets of four repetitions. High-intensity intermittent aerobic training was started on the treadmill at an initial speed of 15 meters per minute, and in each session, one to two meters per minute was added to the treadmill speed, depending on the ability of the rats. During the Pabani week, the exercise reached six stages of three minutes of running at a speed of 40 meters per minute with a slope of 15 degrees. To evaluate the effect of resistance training and high-intensity intermittent aerobic training and high-fat diet (58% of calories in the form of fat) on miR-221, miR-222, miR-329 and VEGF variables, subjects in each group were killed 48 hours after the last training session. Sampling of mesenteric adipose tissue was performed immediately after killing the animals. Data analysis was performed using independent t-test, one-way and two-way ANOVA at the significant level (P ≥ 0.05). Scheffe post hoc test was used to compare the pairwise .

The miR-221, miR-222 and VEGF in the Normal diet + Resistance training, Normal diet + HIIT and High-fat diet + Resistance training groups a significant increase was observed compared to the control group (P ≥ 0.01). However, miR-329 was significantly higher only in the high-fat diet group than in the normal diet + HIIAT group (P = 0.022).

The results showed that resistance training and HIIAT by increasing miR-221, miR-222, and decreasing miR329 led to the activation of pathways that increased VEGF protein and ultimately increased angiogenesis in rats with a high-fat and normal diets. Therefore, these exercises are an important factor in angiogenesis and mechanism in adipose tissue, which may be able to cause significant changes in adipose tissue during this process. However, in order to confirm this point and generalize it to humans, more research is needed, especially on human specimens. Also, since the effect of resistance training on miRNAs was greater than HIIAT, these exercises can be a good alternative to HIIAT.

Heroes play a pivotal role in animation. Stories and myths have common structures of archetypes and myths; patterns that are repeated with unlimited variety in literary and artistic works. The hero's journey is one of the theories by which the repetitive structures in different stories can be realized and analyzed. Joseph Campbell is one of the most important and influential writers in the field of mythology. The theoretical basis of Campbell's archetype is based on his understanding of Jung's theories. The purpose of this article is to achieve the application of the archetype of the hero's journey and to retrieve examples of feminism in the narration of Zootopia animation. The theoretical framework of the analysis of this animation is based on the structuralist approach of the hero's journey of Joseph Campbell and the research method is to describe and analyze the visual narrative of this animation. The results indicate that there are many similarities between the story of Zootopia and the archetype of the hero's journey, which is used in the context of current world issues to raise discourses about feminism in the animation media. Based on this discourse, many of the heroic characters of the animation have been reproduced in the last decade. Disney Studios' animations of the last decade focus on female characters and heroes. The company continues its activities for productions centered on female heroes. Zootopia is one of the most successful and influential works of this company, which is trying to show one of its most important products in the field of feminist thought, considering the teachings of the modern world and the transition from modernism to postmodern. Zootopia, winner of the 2016 Academy Award for Best Animation, is also a film with a heroic theme. Told in the form of an animal story or animal allegory, this work tells the story of a girl rabbit named Judy Hopps. Judy is not a princess, unlike many of Walt Disney Studios' stereotypes. She belongs to the middle class and comes from a farming family. The setting of Zootopia is the modern world. In this modern utopian world, animals have evolved and hunter-gatherer animals live together peacefully. Judy Rabbit is a girl who has dreamed of becoming a policeman since childhood. She wants to make the world a better place to live. Judy's childhood is associated with themes such as activity and participation in social affairs, defense of the oppressed against the oppressor, and hunted versus the hunter. In this regard, the efforts of Judy's parents to dissuade her from her modern goals and aspirations are unsuccessful and thus they choose to support Judy's decisions and stand by her. Judy is sincerely striving to achieve her dreams. In this animation, the protagonist goes beyond the ideals of egalitarianism.  Gender-related issues are represented in a more modern perspective in this work. In addition to gender issues, other underlying themes such as racial and social (species) acceptance as well as contemporary issues such as inclusion of all beliefs, creed and habitats have been incorporated

Understanding the effects of social and ideological components in animated films, especially on its intended audience, namely children and adolescents, is important. The gender stereotypes that are introduced to us as children are reinforced throughout our lives. Audiences absorb the concepts of these workss and in return relate them to their own individual lives and current values of the society. Walt Disney Company animations have always been one of the most fascinating pastimes for children and teenagers. Among the subjects of these works, the representation of female characters has been one of the main themes of Disney animation productions. The company's first feature-length animated film was Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, released in 1937.  80 years later, Zootopia was released in 2016. The evolution of gender and personality stereotypes in these works over the past years, given the cultural context in which they are produced, is a thought-provoking process. The influence of cultural and social factors on the studio's heroism can clearly be seen, just as the producers of these works follow certain strategies and policies to represent the content of the films. In this article, 13 examples of the most important works of the Disney Company from the period between 1937 to 2016 have been selected as the subjects of this research. Selected animations are chosen from works in which the female protagonist is the main axis of the story. The main issue in this research is how women are represented in the content of Walt Disney Studios animation media and the evolution of this representation in the direction of its productions. The reason for choosing these works was the impact of the studio's intellectual and cultural developments on gender stereotypes in the context of their production. The research question is how the representation and meaning of animation media of the image of the female heroine in these works has been depicted and how this representation is influenced by discourse, ideology and values of the time in which the movie was produced and finally how the female hero evolves from the first to the last Disney animation. This study tries to analyze the desired works based on the theories and approaches of representation, in order to evaluate the representation of the female protagonist and its evolution in Walt Disney animation cinema. In this paper, explicit, implicit and ideological implications are analyzed using Roland Barthes' three-level semiotic model. Findings indicate major changes in the process of representing female characters in these productions; the way female heroes are represented from the beginning to the end of the twentieth century, the changes of the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, and the changes of the last decade. These developments can be considered contemporaneous and influenced by the first to third waves of the feminist movement.

Neuroblastoma is one of the nervous system cancers, which approximately consists of 9% of childhood cancers. In this study, we evaluated the toxic effects of prenyl hydroxy coumarin derivatives on apoptosis of the neuroblastoma cell line N2A. N2a cells were cultured in DMEM medium, then the effects of different concentrations (0.75–200 μg/mL) of prenyl hydroxy coumarin derivatives during 24, 48, and 72 h were studied. Cell viability was quantified by MTT assay; apoptotic cells were determined using PI staining of DNA fragmentation by Flow cytometry (sub-G1 peak). The toxic effect of 3- farnesyl oxi coumarin in the N2A cell starts at 6.25 μg/ml and increases relatively depending on rising in concentration and time. The toxicity and apoptosis in 3- farnesyl and 6- farnesyl oxi coumarin is more than 3- Geranyl and 6-Geranyl oxi coumarin. Prenyl hydroxy coumarin induces peak sub-G1in flow cytometry compared to the control group, indicating prenyl hydroxy coumarin-induced toxicity, which is involved in apoptotic cell death. Different concentration of hydroxy coumarin derivatives (0.75-200) µg/mL in lymphocytes, did not induce any anti-proliferative effect in 24 h. In conclusion, prenyl hydroxy coumarin derivatives induce apoptotic effects in the N2A cell line. Thus prenyl hydroxy coumarin derivatives sound to be chemotherapeutic agents for the neuroblastoma cancer cells.

Allylbenzenes have been recently developed as inhibitors of lipoxygenases. They decrease peroxidation activity via mimicking 1,4-unsaturated bonds of fatty acids by their allyl portion. We designed and synthesized new derivatives of allyl benzenes (6a-f) with isopropoxy and amide substituents at ortho and meta positions towards allyl group, respectively. The inhibitory potency of the synthetized allylbenzenes against soybean 15-lipoxygenase (SLO) and subsequently structure-activity relationships was assessed. 3-allyl-4-isopropoxybenzenamine (5) as starting material was synthesized by coupling of 4-nitropheol with allyl bromide, performing Claisen rearrangement and finally reduction of the nitro moiety. Final products 6a-f were prepared via amidation of 5 with the desired acyl chloride. Among the compounds, N-(3-allyl-4-isopropoxyphenyl)adamantan carboxamide (6f) potentially showed best inhibition (IC50 = 1.35 µM) while 6a with cyclopropyl carboxamide moiety was the weakest inhibitor and 6e with phenyl carboxamide moiety showed no effect. Energy minimized 3D structures of the compounds were docked into the active site pocket of SLO. For the aliphatic amides, docking results showed compatibility between inhibitory potency and average Ki of the cluster conformers, in which their allyl moiety oriented towards SLO iron core. For the aliphatic analogs, by enlargement of the amide moiety size the inhibitory potency was increased. Docking results showed that orientation of the amide and allyl moieties of the inhibitors in the active site pocket is the major factor in inhibitory potency variation. Based on the mentioned orientation, for cycloaliphatic amides, by enlargement of the amide moiety both inhibition potency and calculated binding energy increases.

Media and artistic animation is a combination of other elements of the arts. This feature, in addition to the possibility of creating a fantasy universe, has special charm that can address all age groups. In this regard, the necessity of publishing scientific and educational texts and adapting them to the latest findings, in view of the ever-increasing development of production methods, doubles the importance of this investigation. In this area of payment, the issue of the elements of attractiveness in the animation cinema is necessary, useful and valuable. Despite its drawbacks, this work is one of the sources of Farsi help for students and animation enthusiasts. However, by studying the configuration of the topics and the content of the book, it can be noted that the correction is effective in advancing the goals and strengthening the content. Such as; the lack of light unity in the structure of the content, the lack of clarity in the presentation of the content for a particular or general audience, lack of attention to the impact of contemporary achievements, the need for appropriate images for the completion and explanation of the topics and the lack of proper communication between some The images presented with the text have been criticized in various ways. This paper, after introducing some points, reviews the content of the book and analyzes the contents of the book.

The inverted pendulum system is recognized as one of the most challenging dynamic systems. The complication becomes even more involved when switching from the downside to upside configurations by reciprocating motions of the base cart is intended. Considering the large range of motion, the swinging-up control of the pendulum is not achievable through linearization and conventional nonlinear control methods do not apply due to the under-actuated character of the system. In the present research, an energy-based method with sliding control aspects is designed that assures a smoothly transition from the lower stable to upper unstable equilibrium state. This approach permits to design a proper Lyapunov candidate established on physical intuition. The controller permits to reach and stabilize to the new state while tracking a defined path with minimal effort simultaneously. The dynamics of the actuator has been included in the controller to reach a realistic model. The proposed method is implemented on an experimental apparatus that perfectly supports the simulation results.

Nasta'liq is a clear indication of the nature and aesthetic taste of Iranians and undoubtedly the most beautiful and finest line between Islamic lines as far as the "bride of the Islamic lines" called. In writing hieroglyphics, the attention is mostly paid to the arrangement of word to reinforce and develop a sense of beauty and tranquility in the viewers. In this regard, balance is one of the line graphics in nastaliq. The visual quality is of utmost importance, as there hieroglyphics balance or lack of it in a work, it is very impressive to see the final.
In this paper, the balance has been studied in works of two famous calligrapher of the Safavid style (Mir'emad) and contemporary (Amirkhni) in the form of letters, rearranging words and combining them into rows and cross, from the different aspects. The visual quality between the two periods, using the library and see the works of comparison and analysis, the questions such as; How to create balance in hieroglyphics, the balance of this line and use the quality in two ways Safavid and put contemporary reflection and scrutiny.
The results indicate that the balance in the composition, in addition to the visual beauty and strength, can be studied in hieroglyphics from the two aspects: 1) based on the measurement of the horizontal line perpendicular to the base 2) based on the energy exchange letters and words of rotational, vertical, horizontal, inclined and concentrated. The overall balance of Mir'emad Calligraphic works is more important than Amirkhni works, Mir'emad put more emphasis on its existence in any combination.

Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer related deaths in males worldwide. Overexpression of 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1) enzyme and high activity of its metabolic pathway is reported to be a driver for prostate cancer malignancy. Farnesyloxycoumarin derivatives (3f, 4f and 7f) inhibit lipoxygenase enzyme. We hypothesized that farnesyloxycoumarins may exert an anti-cancer effect on prostate cancer cells due to their 15-LOX-1 inhibitory potential.
The enzyme inhibitory activity of 3f, 4f and 7f was initially evaluated on PC-3 and DU145 prostate cancer cell lines. MTT assay was performed on cancer cell lines and HFF3 cell line to assess cytotoxicity of the compounds. The apoptotic morphology of cells after treatments was assessed by DAPI staining and single cell gel electrophoresis. Propidium iodide staining was also performed to detect cell cycle variations after treatment.
7f inhibited 15-LOX-1 at IC50=4.3 µg/mL, while 3f and 4f did not show high inhibitory activity. 7f reduced cell viability in PC-3 cells at IC50=22-31 µg/mL, however, no significant cytotoxicity was revealed on normal cells. DAPI staining and comet assay confirmed apoptosis and DNA damage in PC-3 cells after 7f treatment, while flow cytometry results revealed G1 arrest in PC-3 cells.
The results are indicative of a distinctive cytotoxic mechanism for 7f compared to other coumarins, possibly due to its 15-LOX-1 inhibitory potential. Thus, this compound is valued for further assessments with the aim of developing a promising targeted therapy for prostate cancer patients.

Word and image are two important factors to establish the connection. Formation of a signal in the form of letters, for expressing ideas and mental concepts took place distant past. Using text glyphs if the distance of time and space, get a sense was also easier. Writing and calligraphy In addition transferring messages through images and words, are visual structure. So in hieroglyphics only the characters but the message transfer agent Calligraphy artist initiative has been verified and tasteful field writing. The principles and rules of calligraphy in the beauty and attention to visual quality, including features that The line of visual and aesthetic structure has been privileged over other lines. The works surviving from Mir Emad Calligraphy in the Safavid period, showing the peak of the evolution of this line is that after centuries of formation, Attractions and hidden in the works of the best artists of his works of contemporary calligraphy in terms of visual and visual communications verifiable and comparable. So that by comparing the strengths and weaknesses of each of these works can be in terms of aesthetics and visual qualities outlined Selected samples to compare the effects of each period, the index of similar works Miremad the Safavid period and Amirkhni the contemporary period. Such relationships Nstlyq three categories: visual communication, understanding and communication connections are writing. Here are a dedicated communications objective and perceived communication or hidden in two contemporary style and Safavi has been studied. Considering the importance of hieroglyphics as the most beautiful bride Islamic lines and lines of Persian literature, research activity, comprehensive, adequate and functional aesthetic principles have been done in the discussion.
Basically without careful analysis and rational calligraphic works great and can not index any new developments in the field of calligraphy found his way.
So far, few studies have been done on the bases of visual nastaliq
Therefore, none of the visual elements of visual communication objective and hidden relationships and the visual quality of the calligraphy analyzed Nstlyq not taken seriously
In this paper, collecting information through library and documentary descriptive, analytical qualitative comparison of excerpts from the works of Mir Emad and Amirkhni addressed, Objective and comprehensive communications effort is intended to be reviewed in two ways Safavid and contemporary. According to the research are among the examples given.
Questions are being raised in this paper is to both apparent and hidden hieroglyphics need to make contact there, Intuitive knowledge in understanding what role this communication, mainly the similarities and differences in the difference between the samples of Miremad and Amirkhni similar effects are. The result of the research shows is that sensitive artist Safavid period, especially relations of visual communications objective and perceptual visual elements more contemporary artists have been hidden. In addition to recognizing the principles and rules as well as understand the communication writing, Requires a thorough understanding and recognition of objective and perceptual relationship between visual elements and visual quality of the calligraphy is nastaliq Safavid period in the works of the artist fully considered the issue.

15-Lipoxygenases are one of the iron-containing proteins capable of performing peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acids in animals and plants. The critical role of enzymes in the formation of inflammations, sensitivities, and some cancers has been demonstrated in mammals. The importance of enzymes has led to the development of mechanistic studies, product analysis, and synthesis of inhibitors.
The inhibitory activity of all synthetic compounds against SLO (soybean 15-lipoxygenase: L1; EC 1,13,11,12) was determined using the peroxide formation method. In this method, the basis of evaluation of lipoxygenase activity is measuring the concentration of fatty acid peroxide. All measurements were compared with 4-​methyl-​2-​(4-​methylpiperazinyl)pyrimido[4,​5-​b]benzothiazine (4-MMPB) as one of the known lipoxygenase inhibitors. The radical scavenging ability of all synthetic compounds using stable free radicals (DPPH: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) was measured for further investigation.
In this study, a series of esters from phenolic acids with terpenoid alcohols was synthesized and their inhibitory potency against soybean 15-lipoxygenase and their free radical scavenging properties were determined. Among the synthetic compounds, adamantyl protocatetuate 2j and bornyl protocatetuate 2o showed the most potent inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 0.95 and 0.78 μm, respectively.
By changing the alcohol and acyl portions of stylosin, it was found that electronic properties play main role in lipoxygenase inhibition potency in contrast with steric features. Insertion of more reductive phenolic moiety such as catechuate and gallate lead to more lipoxygenase inhibition potency of the esters as observed in their radical scavenging activity.

Nastaʿlīq (also anglicized as Nastaleeq) script has had continuity for centuries for its close relations with literature and showing the special visual effects. This type of script can be broken up into primary elements, the first and most important of which is the element of “point”. In addition to requiring them in reading, points have important roles in coordination and contrasts between visual energies in a word and in a line. Thus, the importance of the visual role of “points” is quite apparent. The considered aim in this article is analyzing the role of “points” from the viewpoints of visual principles and basis. It is also to compare the works done by Mir Emad Al-Hassani (Safavid era artist) and Gholam Hossein Amirkhani (contemporary dominant style), with regards to the components such as 1) the axis of the point, 2)the point slope (in two or three points), 3) the visual weight of the point. It is tried herewith to answer the following questions: - In which of the mentioned styles has placement of points been considered more, in accordance with the visual principles and basis? - What differences have the point axis, the point slope and the visual weight of the point in the styles used by Mir Emad Al-Hassani and Gholam Hossein Amirkhani? - To what extent is the basis and principle knowledge of visual arts important in placement of “points” in a calligraphy? The applied technique in this article is descriptive/analytical, and it is an applied study for its aim. Collection of the data is done by library method, and the author’s analysis is done by comparison of the works by the above-mentioned artists. The results of the present studies show that the allocations of points’ axes, the points’ slopes in two or three point basis, and their visual weight of the points in Mir Emad’s style are exactly in conformity with the visual aesthetics principles. This causes the increasing presence and effects of points in the letters and the words, as compared to Amirkhani’s style. In other words, “points” in MirEmad’s scripts have equivalent importance and status with letters and words.

This paper presents a novel formulation for controlling the task space of the robot with the Remote Center of Motion (RCM) constraint in Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS). In MIS it is usually required to prevent any lateral motion at the point at which the robot enters the body, called the incision point or the trocar. Therefore, the surgical tool is only allowed to penetrate inside the body or rotate around its axis to avoid more injuries to the patient’s body. The proposed control law considers the RCM constraint at the kinematic level and the convergence of the task space error and regulation of RCM constraint are satisfied, simultaneously. Moreover, the null space of the robot is also exploited effectively within the framework to perform two additional tasks which can limit the RCM movement and optimize the manipulability measure of the robot. A comparative study is finally performed between the proposed approach and a well-known approach used in the literature. To evaluate the efficiency of the approach, a planar robot with 5 degrees of freedom with the trocar constraint is simulated and the results is verified successfully.

This paper presents the problem of controlling multiple tasks in a prioritized scheme during accidental external physical interaction with redundant robot. This issue arises when robots are employed in social, unknown, dynamic environments for complex and critical missions. Exploiting robot redundancy to ensure safety and compliance during performing hierarchical tasks is considered in this work. A general approach to control the main task (position/orientation of the end-effector) with allocated priorities beside compliance behavior in the null space of the tasks is proposed. External interactions on the robot body are estimated with an appropriate observer without using any force/torque sensors which is further used to bring compliance in the redundant space. A novel task allocation method is proposed and the convergence of the task space error, interaction estimation error as well as null space velocities are guaranteed. Finally, the performance of the method is investigated through computer simulation and real experiments on KUKA robot arm.

Tuberculosis (TB), a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), stayed a global health thread with high mortality rate. Since TB has a long-term treatment, it leads high risk of drug resistant development, and there is an urgent to find new drugs. The aim of this study was designing new inhibitors for a new drug target, iron dependent regulator, IdeR.
Based on the interaction most populated amino acids of IdeR to the related gene operators, 50 short peptides were modeled. Bonding affinity of short peptides toward DNA were studied by docking. Top 10 best predicted bonding affinity were selected. DNA binding assay, microplate alamar blue assay, colony counting, quantitative real time- PCR (qRT-PCR) of IdeR corresponding genes, cell wall-associated mycobactin and whole-cell iron estimation were done to prove the predicted mechanism of in silico potent constructs.
Amongst the 10 synthesized short peptide candidates, glycine-valine-proline-glycine (GVPG) and arginine-proline-arginine (RPR) inhibited Mtb in vitro at 200 µM concentration. qRT-PCR showed mbtB 58-fold over expression that resulted in Mtb growth inhibition. Cell wall-associated mycobactin and whole-cell iron estimation confirmed the results of qRT-PCR.
We introduced two new lead compounds to inhibit Mtb that are promising for the development of more potent anti-tubercular therapies.

Recently, we showed that some new synthetic compounds structurally related to cilostamide (4-(1,2-dihydro-2-oxoquinolin-6-hydroxy)- N-cyclohexyl-N-methylbutanamide), a selective phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3) inhibitor, produce inotropic effect comparable to that of IBMX (3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine), a non-selective PDE inhibitor, but with differential chronotropic effect. In this investigation, we compared the pharmacological effects of these compounds as potential cardiotonic agents using the spontaneously beating atria model.
In each experiment, rats were treated with reserpine. The atrium was isolated and mounted in an organ bath. We assessed chronotropic and inotropic effects using cumulativelogconcentration-response curves of isoprenaline alone or in combination of each test-compound.
Majority of test compounds augment atria contraction force (ACF) significantly but with different potencies on atrium contraction rate. Cilostamide, MCPIP ([4-(4-methyl piperazin-1-yl)-4-oxobutoxy)-4-methylquinolin-2(1H)-one]), methyl carbostyril compounds- (mc1), mc2 and mc5 increased the isoprenaline effect on ACF synergistically. But, mc6 failed to potentiate the effect of isoprenalin; mc3 and mc4 did not increase ACF, which may be because of their higher hydrophilic nature. It was interesting that mc2, alone or in combination with isoprenaline, produced the highest inotropic effect while it did not affect the basal contraction rate and almost blocked the isoprenaline chronotropic effect.
Combination of mc2 with isoprenaline had synergistic effect on inotropic effect, but this combination reduced isoprenaline chronotropic effect; therefore, these effects cannot be related to reducing B-adrenergic receptors activity. These compounds showed different effects; probably all of them were not mediated via PDE3 inhibition and other mechanisms are involving.

Despite treatment with antibiotics and vaccination with BCG, tuberculosis (TB) is still considered as one of the most important public health problems in the world. Therefore, designing and producing a more effective vaccine against TB seems urgently. In this study, immunogenicity of a fusion protein which consisting or comprising CFP-10 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the Fc-domain of mouse IgG2a was evaluated as a novel subunit vaccine candidate against TB.
The genetic constructs were cloned in pPICZαA expression vector and recombinant vectors (pPICZαA-CFP-10: Fcγ2a and pPICZαA-CFP-10:His) were transformed into Pichia pastoris. To evaluate the expression of recombinant proteins, SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting were used. The immunogenicity of recombinant proteins, with and without BCG were assessed in BALB/c mice and specific cytokines against recombinant proteins (IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-4, IL-17 and TGF-β) were evaluated.
The levels of IFN-γ and IL-12 in mice that received recombinant proteins was higher than the control groups (BCG and PBS). Thus, both recombinant proteins (CFP-10:Fcγ2a and CFP-10:His) could excite good response in Th1-cells. The Fc-tagged protein had a stronger Th1 response with low levels of IL-4, as compared to CFP-10:His. However, the highest level of Th1 response was observed in groups that were vaccinated with BCG (prime) and then received recombinant protein CFP-10: Fcγ2a (booster).
The results demonstrated that binding mice Fc-domain to CFP-10 protein can increase the immunogenicity of the subunit vaccine. Further studies, might be able to design and produce a new generation of subunit vaccines based on the Fc-fused immunogen.

A nonlinear adaptive control algorithm for a multi-task redundant manipulator is developed in this paper. The method considers the parametric uncertainties in the system and defines a proper filtered error signal according to the allocated priority. Based on this error analysis, the asymptotic stability and convergence of the tracking error, both for the main task as well as the sub-tasks are shown using Lyapunov approach. In order to extend the algorithm for the case of orientation control in the operational task, quaternion feedback has been exploited, and the stability is shown. The results of the paper are verified in several simulations on 4DoF planar arm as well as 7DoF KUKA lightweight robot arm.