فهرست مطالب hasanali aghajani

One of the most important drawing strategies in the country's upstream documents is the development of petrochemical exports, which means that moving towards increasing petrochemical exports requires a change of attitude in the structure and relevant institutions and policies. The aim of the current research is to design policy scenarios for the development of petrochemical exports until 1414 BAST. A statistical sample of 12 experts was selected for interview and a statistical sample of 24 people was selected in 1401 to complete the questionnaire. In this research, the scenario development method based on mutual effects analysis was used. Among the findings, 26 factors were identified as the main policy drivers of petrochemical export development through thematic analysis. The mentioned factors were analyzed by using Micmac software. In the findings of the research, eight variables were identified as the key drivers that had the least effect and the most effect in the development of petrochemical exports. Then the obtained variables were entered into the Scenario Wizard software and four fair game scenarios; the loser champion; Land transfer and silent death were formulated as the main scenarios for the future development of the export of petrochemical products in the country. At the end, the developed scenarios were compared and analyzed with the background. The results and findings of this research can provide a suitable platform for policy makers and managers in the field of petrochemical exports so that understanding between policy makers is accompanied by an understanding and vision of the future.

The actions of a toxic leader can have a negative domino effect on the overall performance of the organization. The purpose of this research is to analyze the negative consequences of toxic leadership in tourism organizations. In terms of purpose, the current research is applied and belongs to the category of qualitative research. Data collection tool was semi-structured in-depth interview and purposeful sampling method with snowball technique was used. Twenty scientific experts, including prominent university professors with a scientific background in tourism and experimental experts, including general managers and managers of the tourism development department of tourism organizations at the provincial level and heads of tourism organizations at the level of the cities in the northern region of the country, were considered as a sample community. The consequences of toxic leadership were identified under the two main headings of intra-organizational consequences and extra-organizational consequences. Intra-organizational consequences were divided into individual consequences and group-organizational consequences. Individual consequences were identified in two categories: physiological-psychological and attitudinal consequences and deviant-uncivil behaviors. The group-organizational consequences were also analyzed with two categories of communication and organizational climate and internal backwardness. Also, the extra-organizational consequences were investigated in the form of the host and tourist communities. In the host society, three social-cultural consequences, ecological-environmental consequences and economic consequences were investigated. In the form of a tourist with a behavioral-attitudinal background, the negative attitude of the smart tourism market was also investigated.

One of the important missions of the university, in addition to the field of education and research, is the continuous participation in the commercialization of knowledge and responding to the developments and needs of society and industry. The purpose of this research is to identify, explain the relationships and level the knowledge commercialization strategies in a comprehensive and operational way in the industrial universities of the country. The research approach is hybrid and of the mixed-exploratory type using qualitative and quantitative methods. In the qualitative part, using the data theory method of the systematic foundation, a model for commercialization of knowledge in the industrial universities of the country has been designed. Based on this model, components of knowledge commercialization strategies have been identified. In the quantitative part, which is in the category of descriptive-explanatory research in terms of purpose, the relationships and leveling of the identified components are explained using Demethel methods and interpretive structural modeling. The statistical population of the study includes 17 experts, professors, managers and doctoral students of the country's industrial universities and managers of industry and knowledge-based companies who have been purposefully and theoretically selected. Based on the research findings, 15 strategies explained in 5 levels were classified based on the degree of effectiveness and effectiveness. The strategy of "reviewing and approving educational and research instructions and regulations" is the most effective strategy at the highest level (level 5).

In today's business environment, the basis of competitive advantage has changed from quality to innovation, innovation allows companies to quickly adapt to changes and helps companies find new products and markets. In today's competitive world, the survival of organizations requires special attention to the category of innovative organizational culture. The purpose of this article is to identify patterns of innovative organizational culture, transformational leadership style, and quality of work life, and it is developmental in terms of its purpose.

The current research is qualitative and the statistical population includes professors of academic units and managers of Azad Universities of Mazandaran. The sampling method of this research was snowball. A semi-structured interview was used to collect information and 20 experts in this field were interviewed. In order to analyze the data in this research, the theme analysis strategy and six-step technique of Clark and Brown (2006) and MAXQDA software were used.

The results of the research showed that in the main theme of innovative culture, four organizing themes of the effects of innovation, organizational learning, individual development of employees and the desire and tendency to innovate were obtained; In the main theme of transformational leadership, two organizing themes of individual considerations, mental motivation, and in the main theme of the quality of working life, three organizing themes of job nature, security and job relations, and rights and benefits were obtained.

As a result, paying attention to the extracted factors and making policies for the development and optimization of the use of financial and economic resources to increase the sustainability and competitiveness of the university and to improve and modify the service delivery methods and solutions and suggestions in line with their desirability It was recommended to managers and trustees.

Today, moving away from the linear economy towards a circular economy has been considered by many countries and advanced companies in the world. Circular business models are among the tools that are very effective in implementing the principles of circular economics. In this study, a framework for evaluating circular business models is provided and a model for the Iranian steel industry is presented. To this end, based on Systematic Literature Review and meta-synthesis method, which is a type of meta-study methods, 562 English articles were collected and reviewed using Critical Appraisal Skills Program, and finally 28 articles were selected. The research findings showed that the evaluation framework of circular business models in the steel industry is based on reduce, reuse, regenerate, recycling and maintenance strategies. Also, in line with the mentioned strategies, the circular economy actions were localized using the fuzzy Delphi method. At the end of the research, it is recommended that managers, officials and those involved in the steel industry need to pay more attention to these strategies and actions within a circular business model for more profitability and for adhering to the principles of sustainability.

Export is known as the driving force of economic growth and in the current situation, presence in the world markets is inevitable. It is necessary to pay attention to the economic complexity in a resistance economy, usually it is in confrontation with the dependent and consumer economy of a country. It is assumed that it is not passive and stands against the economic goals and tries to change the existing economic structures and localization based on the worldview and goals. The meta-combination method was utilized by searching the databases between 2009 and 2020 and after their staged evaluation. Finally, 58 final articles were approved, which led to the identification of 9 dimensions including export networking, government regeneration, Territorial analysis of export development capacities, formulation of industrial development strategy, future research and foresight based on economic complexity, creation of science and technology observatory, purposeful and intelligent modeling, human capital talent management, are co-evolutionary policy making and identifying variables. They have been considered in terms of model level, type, basis and area of ​​focus. It is suggested that in order to improve the management of export businesses in Mazandaran province, based on the approach of economic complexity, the extracted 9 variables should be used.

Cultural intelligence is one of the capabilities available in the organization that managers can use in various situations. Cultural intelligence can be an important factor in improving the quality of services provided to clients and their satisfaction. The main purpose of this study is to explain the interactive relationships of the dimensions of cultural intelligence of managers in the municipalities of northern provinces. This study aims to review the literature on cultural intelligence, identify the basic indicators of cultural intelligence using the Delphi method, and using the fuzzy Demetel method, to provide a systematic model for modeling and the impact of components. The results of the study indicate that the dimensions of cultural intelligence are: behavioral intelligence, cognitive intelligence, religious cultural intelligence, organizational identity intelligence, motivational intelligence, social capital, behavioral intelligence. Organizational identity intelligence and behavioral intelligence are the most effective components and cognitive, motivational intelligence and social capital are the most effective components. In the end, it is suggested that in order to improve the status of cultural intelligence, while paying attention to all variables, it is necessary to pay more attention to the variable of religious cultural intelligence..

This research aimed to provide a dynamic model of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) in crisis management non-governmental organizations with a social approach (experimental evidence: Red Crescent Society of the Islamic Republic of Iran).

This applied research was conducted using a mixed (quantitative-qualitative) method to analyze the data. The statistical population consisted of university professors as well as the managers and experts of the Iranian Red Crescent Society, who were selected by the snowball sampling method. The total number of experts in the Iranian Red Crescent Society and in the academic community accounted for 10 individuals (n=5 each), and the sampling continued until reaching theoretical saturation. The required information was collected through observation, in-depth and semi-in-depth interviews, review of documents, and experts' opinions; finally, by using the exploratory factor analytical statistical method, appropriate measurement tools were prepared. In this research, the Delphi technique and the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory-based Analytic Network Process were employed to determine and prioritize criteria and sub-criteria. For this purpose, the pairwise comparison matrix was used to determine the weight of the criteria.

In this study, helping behaviors, individual initiatives, organizational obedience, organizational loyalty, chivalry, civic virtue, and personal development were among the dimensions of OCB in descending order.

The results of this research showed that the consequences of OCB included an increase in performance productivity and effectiveness, the promotion of positive relations between employees, more efficiency in allocating resources, reduction in maintenance costs, the provision of necessary flexibility for innovation, improvement of customer service, and effective use of scarce resources.

Organizational anomie (OA) is defined as the lack of law, as well as violations or weaknesses in the implementation of laws and norms in the organization, which can have detrimental effects on the performance of the organization and its members. The main focus of this study is to establish and validate an organizational anomie scale that can be employed to implement and operate this tool in field studies. The present research is applied-exploratory in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of method. To conduct this research, issues related to organizational anomie using factor analysis approach and content analysis method of scientific texts as well as from the perspective of qualified and experienced thinkers and experts and a researcher-made questionnaire on organizational anomie in COVID-19 pandemic are analyzed. it placed. Completed by experts and managers. The reliability coefficient of the test was calculated to be 0.85 using Cronbach's alpha test. Exploratory factor analysis of organizational questions revealed that the components of this questionnaire may explain more than 78.512 % of the desired variance. After one rotation of Varimax factors, the correlation between each item with each component was determined in the best situation and accordingly, twelve components were selected and extracted with the most weight: conflicting goals of the individual and organization, weakness in communication, standard selection ,ambiguity in goals, level of trustworthiness, negative attitude of employees towards themselves, feeling useless, understanding justice, weak control, common norms, organizational indifference, lack of socialization. According to the research findings, it can be concluded that organizational anomie is a multidimensional concept with many dimensions and components and cannot be studied with limited dimensions and components.

Culture plays a significant role in organizations. When members of an organization become accustomed to organizational culture, they perceive the organization's events in a similar way. The main purpose of this study is to present a model of organizational culture in the public sector of Iran using grounded theory.

The research method is applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of this research (qualitative approach) consists of 15 experts and elites in the field of management (Social Security Organization, Tehran Municipality, and Welfare Organization) in Tehran. The sampling method is a semi-structured individual interview using the snowball technique. The Data were analyzed in the framework of Corbin and Strauss's grounded theory process.

Model of organizational culture in the public sector was able to bring new theoretical insights that were recognized as effective in organizational culture with the help of indicators such as sufficient causal conditions of organizational culture in government departments, contexts of organizational culture in government departments, intervening components regarding organizational culture in government departments, effective strategies on organizational culture in government departments and organizational culture consequences of Iranian governments.

The results show that the high status of human resources, creativity, and individual innovation as well as strengthening the sense of responsibility instead of a sense of duty are among the benefits of organizational culture reform on organizational human resources and increase organizational learning, organizational competitiveness, organizational integration as well as organizational adaptability are other consequences that this cultural change will have on all government organizations.

In order to achieve the desired goals and activities, in addition to obtaining material capital, organizations need qualified human resources to help advance the goals of the organization.      

The main purpose of this study was to identify the dimensions of organizational culture model on employee performance in the Development and Cooperation Bank of Mazandaran Province.      

The method of the present study in this study is descriptive-survey in terms of fundamental purpose. The statistical population of the present study consists of employees and managers of Mazandaran Development and Cooperation Bank. Sampling method In the qualitative part of the study, purposive sampling. In the qualitative part, for data collection, in-depth and semi-structured interviews have been used, and in the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire has been used. Cronbach and finally structural equations were used using Smart PLS software.        

The research findings indicate that the components of organizational culture (contextual factors, causal conditions, central phenomena, strategies, consequences, intervention conditions) had a positive and significant effect on the performance of Development Bank and Cooperative staff.      

The results of this study also showed that the impact of organizational and individual outcomes on the organizational culture model was greater than the rest

Cultural citizenship theory oversees and relies on multiple social realities that can also be considered "cultural dimensions of citizenship."

The present study was conducted with the aim of transcending the scores of cultural citizens in the service area beyond the complex.

Using cross-compounding technique, the findings of related internal and external studies were systematically investigated by seven-step Sandoloski and Barso methods. Of the 130 articles searched in this area, 46 selected articles, according to which 68 factors were identified and extracted.

In order to analyze the selected articles, constituent concepts, dimensions and influential components, the content analysis method and the Kappa index, maxqda, were used. At the end of the research findings in the form of 12 categories including: cultural / social, responsibility, citizen participation, citizenship identity, interpersonal trust, media development, following the law, tendency to adhere to laws, social and cultural responsibility, economic situation And social, cultural tendencies, acceptance of cultural capital, classification were presented.

Based on the results of the research, it is stated that taking into account each of the drivers of the cultural citizen and providing the necessary infrastructure for its implementation, a positive step should be taken to improve the services provided.

Considering the COVID-19 pandemic and its severe effects on life, there is no doubt that an analysis of the components and drivers of abnormal behaviors can facilitate the emergence of moral behaviors. Therefore, we conducted this study in order to investigate the drivers of abnormal behaviors from the perspective of health managers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This research is a cross-sectional, qualitative, and applied study that was conducted using snowball sampling method and semi-structured interviews with 13 managers at different management levels in so called social security hospitals in Mazandaran province in the first half of 2020. Also, validation of Lincoln and Guba reliability criteria and data analysis were performed by combined summary content analysis method with MAXQDA10 software.

Findings of this study show that a number of factors are among the drivers that cause the occurrence of abnormal behaviors in hospitals. These factors could be divided into three types: Structural factors that include inadequate payroll system, job characteristics, organizational misconduct, and managerial weakness; behavioral factors include stress, aggression in the organization, antisocial behavior, and individual psychological disorders; and environmental factors as well as internal and external environment of the organization.

Through increasing financial supports and incentives, results of this study help managers reduce stressors, create better conditions for employees, increase the quality of performance and services provided to patients, and improve the health level of the country.

The concept of Entrepreneurship University has been a matter of great interest in the field of higher education for the last two decades. Promoting entrepreneurship will be a solution to the employment problem, and the University of Entrepreneurship, utilizing the potential of the university, will improve entrepreneurship and increase unemployment and reduce unemployment. The purpose of this study was to present a conceptual model of Entrepreneurship University with psychological maturity approach and psychological readiness for commercialization and entrepreneurship in applied science centers of Mazandaran province.

The research method was descriptive-survey. The statistical population of the present study was 12 experts in applied science centers of Mazandaran province and the dominant professors. Data were collected using paired comparisons questionnaire and fuzzy Delphi, Dimitel and ISM techniques.

Findings from the implementation of DEMATEL and ISM techniques show that among the 5 main variables and 21 sub-dimensions selected by fuzzy Delphi technique, the components of social and cultural values and attitudes, infrastructure as the most effective and management components, entrepreneurship. And knowledge-based employment, output and outcome were identified as the most influential dimensions. Finally, it was suggested to focus on issues such as the need for and the primary motivation for commercialization; the knowledge and confidence of university researchers in the commercialization process (intellectual property rights, patent registration and bachelor's degree).

The purpose of this study is to identify the indicators affecting the improvement of the reverse supply chain in the home appliance industry in Tehran province. Preliminary indicators were obtained using theme analysis method and during in-depth and semi-structured interviews with 14 experts of the reverse supply chain in the home appliance industry in Tehran province. The final indicators of the research were identified using fuzzy Delphi method and A model for optimizing indicators in the form of objective function and constraints is presented. . In order to analyze the data, in the first place, with the help of ten experts, the final indicators were introduced and then, using the opinions of 36 people related to the issue of supply chain, the indicators were prioritized. The results of this study showed that the managerial dimension and consumer feedback , is a key factor in accepting new change and entering the issue of reverse supply chain. Knowledge dimension, including continuous improvement in the field of learning and education, etc., after management indicators and in the same initial stages, can be a determining criterion for improving the reverse supply chain in the industry. Finally, a model was designed using a model that shows the output of the status of indicators and using genetic algorithm (along with model testing in Gamz program) in MATLAB software, analysis was performed and the results were introduced by introducing optimal values and An improved model was presented.

One of the most essential missions of universities in educational and research areas is continuous and sustained participation in technological innovation and development. Indeed, universitieschr('39') future success will depend on their ability to respond to changing societychr('39')s needs by commercializing science and technology. The purpose of this research is to design a comprehensive and operationalized indigenous knowledge commercialization model for the countrychr('39')s industrial universities, a qualitative research approach based on a systematic grounded data theory approach. This researchchr('39')s statistical population consists of experts, professors, managers, and PhD students of industrial universities and managers of industry and knowledge-based companies. Based on purposive sampling, 17 people were selected for semi-structured interviews. The validity and reliability of the data collected from the interviews were obtained through participant review methods, expert review, and in-house agreement. Based on systematic grounded data theory and data were analyzed in two stages of open and axial coding, and 643 conceptual statements were organized in 70 main categories and 16 categories and paradigmatic pattern with six general categories (casual, contextual, mediating, strategies), core phenomena and consequences. Then, at the selective coding stage, the conceptual model was presented based on the paradigm model and the researcherchr('39')s understanding and experience. In the quantitative part, structural equation modeling was used to validate the proposed model. Since the t-statistic value for all the relationships between the categories is greater than 1.96 and the path coefficient of all the categories is greater than 0.3 in the standard state. Therefore, all the components, the relationships between the general categories, and the proposed model were finally confirmed.

Social networks, as a new platform for the formation of media at various scales (from small media to large media) provided the ground for the rapid dissemination of information and news, and this feature, along with its undeniable benefits, space for publishing. Opened unreliable content, news, and gossip. The aim of the present study is to deduce a model of effective and influential factors as well as dimensions of rumor management by a hybrid method of various meta-study methods. In the present study, the researcher uses the systematic and meta-combined review method to analyze the results and findings of previous researchers and performs the seven steps of the Sandlowski and Barroso method by identifying 3 factors for influential factors (factors Dolphin, creepy and fiery), three factors for factors affecting rumor management (dolphin, creepy and fiery factors) and three factors for the components of rumor management (black rumor, white rumor and gray rumor) categorize its conceptual model Is. In the category of factors affecting rumor management, four factors were discovered for dolphin factors affecting rumor, ten factors for creeping factors affecting rumor and eight factors for fiery factors affecting rumor. In the category of influential factors of rumor management, six factors were discovered for dolphin factors, ten factors for creeping factors and eleven factors for fire factors. Also, in the category of dimensions of Nir rumor management, eight factors were discovered for the black rumor, seventeen factors for the white rumor and twenty-nine factors for the gray rumor.

Nowadays, talent management as a new approach is able to develop a major shift in human resource management and play an important role in maintaining the competitive advantage of organizations by meeting the weaknesses and shortcomings of traditional approaches. The aim of this study is to develop the conceptual model and categorize behavioral components affecting the management of talent in tourism field. The method of study was qualitative content analysis and main tool for data collection is semi - structured interviews. The data analysis was carried out with the technique of Directed Content Analysis and Summative Content Analysis mixed content analysis technique. The identified factors include 84 open codes, which were classified into three main categories and 10 sub categories, and finally by using MAXQDA v 11 software, classification and conceptual model. The results of directed content analysis are presented in the final Conceptual model. The Summative content analysis was carried out with the aim of identifying and quantifying the extracted factors. The findings can be expressed as follows:  The main categories of talent attraction: the technical skill of the degree of education experience related to decision - making skills and interest to work.  The main category of talent development: job promotion and professional training  . The main category of employee retention: appreciation and attention of the flexible reward system servant servant leadership and payment system.

Given the importance of brand success in small and medium-sized businesses and especially in knowledge based companies, this research was implemented by goals of identifying and leveling factors affecting the brand success of knowledge based industries in technology units based in the science and technology park of Semnan province using the ISM method. To do this, the views of fourteen university professors and experts of the organizations studied, the factors affecting the brand success of knowledge-based companies were examined and after the final refinement, eight factors were selected. In the next step, these factors were stratified by Structural Interpretation Modeling Technique. Finally, among the factors affecting the brand success of knowledge-based companies, the history of the company and the type of ownership, is first and the most influential factor. Next, brand features are located. The third level includes the market share, the fourth level is the size of the company and the market share and, ultimately, the most influential factors, communications and marketing plans are at the fifth level. This leveling enables knowledge-based companies to formulate the strategies needed to succeed in their product brands and move them closer to their ultimate goal as they progress at each level

In recent decades, increasing productivity and reducing losses by improving abnormal behaviors in the workplace have attracted the attention of organizational behavior experts, especially health researchers. The purpose of the present research is to study the factors influencing the reduction of abnormal behaviors in health workplace.

By using meta-synthesis technique, the findings of the related internal and external studies were systematically analyzed using Sandelowski and Barroso seven-step method. The identified codes were classified, analyzed and interpreted by MAXQDA10. Kappa method and SPSS were used to measure reliability and quality control. The calculated kappa coefficient was 0.893, which indicated a good consistency.

From 435 articles investigated in this field, 46 articles were selected, based on which 68 factors were identified. These factors were classified into 3 main categories and 11 pivotal codes. The influential factors identified in this study include individual factors(psychological, demographic, religious, and contextual), group factors(communication, appropriate reward system, and deterrent behaviors) and organizational factors(organizational space, organizational measures, organizational emotions, and job position perception).

The results of this study show that individual factors are the most important ones affecting the reduction of abnormal behaviors. Therefore, the findings of this study emphasize psychological, demographic, religious, and contextual factors in planning and managers’ interventions to increase productivity in health workplace.

Today, organizations need to develop their production systems to achieve a competitive advantage and maintain it in the market. To achieve this, a completely new and innovative approach is needed to manage and produce an organization that dramatically increases productivity and also helps create effective and efficient supply chains. Now that the industrial revolution has grown to the fourth generation, organizations can use its new technologies to achieve and maintain a competitive advantage, as well as to increase productivity. The present study examines the interactive relationships of fourth-generation industry technologies in selected food industries to achieve this; first, through literature extraction, 20 cases of fourth-generation industry technologies were extracted, and in the second stage, with the fuzzy Delphi approach, 13 cases of fourth-generation industry technologies were identified for an explanation in the food industry. Then, the R-DEMATEL was used to investigate the interactive relationships between fourth-generation industry technologies.

The purpose of this study was to identify entrepreneurship education indices of knowledge based businesses in accelerators based on university growth centers. The purpose of this research is applied and developmental in terms of purpose. In this method, the research method is descriptive-survey and correlation type. Fuzzy Delphi method was used for doing research. The research decision team consists of 32 people who are selected by experts and academic masters who specialize in entrepreneurship, with features such as availability, experience, fitness, doctoral or postgraduate degrees, university employment, research background, and compilation. This field has been selected. Fuzzy Delphi method has been used to identify entrepreneurship education indices and entrepreneurship education indices have been measured by factor analysis. The results of the research showed eleven indices: university relationship with industry, facilities, training courses, academic course contents, alumni community activities, research system, processes and working methods, structural factors, developmental factors, behavioral factors and financial system, As the most important indicators of entrepreneurship education, knowledge based businesses have been introduced into accelerators based on academic growth centers.

The present study attempts to review Iran's scientific production, and determine its position in the world's scientific production arena during the course of 1996-2015, and to project this trend in the upcoming years.

To gather data, ISI, Scopus, and SCImago databases’ data were used. Then, using Eviews software and ARIMA model, Iran's scientific production trend was projected until 2030.

The research findings indicate that Iran's scientific production growth and acceleration, despite regional and world fluctuations in the past two decades, was desirable and noticeable.

The research results show that despite having desirable growth in the country's scientific production in the past two decades, the projection of the country's scientific production up to 2030 indicates a declining trend. In order to improve this trend and to increase the country's scientific production, it is essential to adopt a long-term policy to maintain the country's scientific acceleration and achieve a favourable position in the world.

Designing the contingency model of human resources management strategies using the strategic reference points of Stewart and Brown (2019) at the Export Development Bank of Iran is the purpose of this research. The present study is descriptive survey. The validity of the research was determined by experts' opinion and its reliability was 0.76 with Cronbach's alpha. In the first stage, the fuzzy method was used to design the model, In the second stage, the model was tested with 181 statistical population according to the Morgan table. The results of the Structural equations modeling test using Lisrel software, while confirming the theoretical, showed the experimental compatibility of the model. Finally in the third stage the gap between the status quo and the desired status of quadruple strategies was determined by the t-student test. According to the findings, the Bank's strategy did not fit in both the dimensions of differentiation and cost leadership as well as the employment of the foreign labor market. However, the maintenance of current personnel was confirmed. The HR practices in the whole bank coincided with loyal soldier strategy, but HR practices in the International- Credit Units aligned with committed expert and loyal soldier strategy. Finally, it is concluded that, Depending on the various units, it is necessary to establish a complete alignment of strategies. Developing distinct services, reducing costs, training Personnel for all units, however, for the headquarters, outsourcing contracts should also be considered.

This research deals with resilient supply chain in Iran Khodro Company. The current study was undertaken with the aim of enhancing the resilience of supply chain against environmental disturbances in Iran Khodro Company. To serve the purpose, a number of strategies were determined that can prevent company’s viable production breakdowns or can instantaneously resume production more adequately after probable breakdowns. The causal relationship among the strategies were also investigated. The population of this research included managers and experts in logistics and planning departments of Sapco Company. Initially, all 12 failure modes that have the potential of breading down the production chain were identified through literature review and expert opinions. Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Failure Anlayisis after Occurrence (FAAO) were employed to determine supply chain resilience strategies prior to and following failure, respectively. Moreover, the relationships and reciprocal effects among the identified resilience strategies were explored using Dematel technique. Experts determined four high risk failure conditions with the highest Risk Priority Number (RPN); using FMEA techniques, they also identified 21 strategies that could promote resilience in the company’s supply chain as well as six of the most effective strategies using FAAO techniques.