katrin vaziri

The current investigation was carried out in order to explore the anticipation of psychological hardiness based on the elements of self-regulation of emotions and stress coping strategies.

The population under examination in this particular study encompassed all female individuals who sought assistance at the Health House located in the 6th precinct of Tehran during the 2023. A total of 80 female participants seeking aid at the health facility in the 6th district of Tehran were included in the sample, selected through purposive sampling techniques. The data collection instruments employed in this study were the stress coping strategies questionnaire developed by Lazarus and Folkman (1998), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) developed by Garnefski and Kraaij (2007) and Kobasa et al. hardiness questionnaire (1985). The analysis of the research data involved the utilization of Pearson's correlation coefficient and the multivariate regression technique.

The outcomes of the study suggest that the components of emotional self-regulation and stress coping strategies have the ability to predict psychological hardiness (p < 0.05).

Based on the outcomes derived from the study, it is plausible to infer that the components related to emotional self-regulation in conjunction with stress coping mechanisms serve as reliable predictors of an individual's psychological hardiness.

One of the most important periods affecting physical, mental and social growth and health is the adolescence period of every person, where personality formation and identification takes place in this sensitive period. The purpose of this study was to model happiness based on basic psychological needs with the mediation of adaptation in adolescents. The applied research method and the descriptive correlation method were based on the structural equation model. The statistical population consisted of all working female adolescents studying in the second year of high school, 352 of whom were selected using multi-stage cluster random sampling and were asked to answer the questionnaires of Oxford Happiness (2002), basic psychological needs of Desi et al (2001), and Sinha and Singh (1993) students' adaptability. Data analysis was done using a structural equation model. The findings showed that the adaptation variable has been able to play a mediating role in the relationship between basic psychological needs and happiness. It can be concluded that when motivations or internal rewards are stronger than external motivations, the implementation of psychological needs becomes easier and has a positive effect on adolescent adaptation; because adaptation is achieved through internal incentives and reinforcements, and in this way, by creating a positive inner feeling in adolescence, it leads to an increase in happiness in teenagers; therefore, by providing a healthy and dynamic environment that fits the individual and personality needs of every teenager, it is necessary to promise well-being and happiness in teenagers.

The present study was conducted with the aim of providing a structural model for the prediction of stable complicated grief among bereaved people due to Corona based on the quality of object relationships, focusing on the mediating role of anger rumination and loneliness. The research design was descriptive and correlation type using structural equations. The research sample consisted of 300 bereaved people due to Corona in Tehran who lost a close family member including wife, brother, sister, parents and children due to Covid-19 and met the conditions to enter the research. They gave. In this research, questionnaires of complicated bereavement (Prigerson and Masichevsky, 1995), Bell's thematic relationships (Bell, 2003), rumination-anger (Sakodolski et al., 2001) and loneliness (Russell et al., 1993) were used. Data analysis was done using Pearson correlation and path analysis to investigate causal relationships between variables. The results of the fit of the proposed model indicated a good fit of the model with the data, and 33.1% of the changes in stable complex grief are explained by object relations, anger rumination, and loneliness. The direct coefficients of the model showed that object relations (β=0.126), rumination of anger (β=0.475) and loneliness (β=0.135) have a significant positive effect on stable complex grief. Also, by entering the variables of rumination, anger and loneliness into the model, the indirect effect of object relations on complex grief was positively 0.1692 and 0.0518, respectively. Therefore, a correct understanding of the emerging bereavement experience caused by Corona and the factors related to it and the possibility of a more accurate assessment of the condition of the survivors makes it possible to identify people at risk so that they can be provided with appropriate treatment and support.

The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of anger rumination and feelings of loneliness in the relationship between differentiation and persistent complex grief caused by Corona. The research utilized a descriptive-correlation method with path analysis. The statistical population comprised all bereaved individuals due to Corona in Tehran, who lost a family member to Covid-19 in 1400-1401. The sample selection involved randomizing the first three hospitals in Tehran, followed by a purposeful selection of 300 individuals who met the entry criteria. Measurement tools included the complex grief questionnaire (ICG, Pregerson & Masichevsky, 1995), differentiation of self (DSI, Skorn & Smith, 2003), anger rumination (ARS, Sakodolski, 2001), and loneliness (UCLA, Russell, 1993). Data analysis was conducted using path analysis. Regression results for the proposed model indicated a good fit, with 53% of the changes in persistent complex grief explained by differentiation, anger rumination, and loneliness. The direct coefficients of the model revealed that differentiation, anger rumination, and loneliness significantly influenced persistent complex grief (P<0.05). Moreover, differentiation exerted an indirect effect on persistent complex grief through both anger rumination and loneliness (P<0.05). In conclusion, the model for predicting persistent complex grief among bereaved individuals due to Corona, based on differentiation and considering the mediating roles of anger rumination and feelings of loneliness, demonstrated a favorable fit.