khodadad letafatkar

The purpose of this study was to study the effects that sway back abnormality might have on structural changes of various body parts. To conduct the present study, 70 female students were randomly selected. A posture screen along with a plumb line was used for postural analysis. Other tools used in this study were as follows: a Goniometer for evaluating ankle, knee and hip angle, a flexible ruler for measuring the degree of lumbar lordosis and thoracic kyphosis and an inclinometer for measurement of pelvic inclination. T-test and Pearson correlation coefficient were performed on all variables of interest (P ≤ 0.05). Results showed that sway back abnormality is a prevalent abnormality among young girls (%35). Subjects with sway back abnormality had a greater thoracic kyphosis angle and pelvic anterior tilt than did normal subjects. In addition, the Subjects with sway back abnormality had relatively a greater extension in hip and knee joints. There was a statistically significant correlation between pelvic inclination and angles of knee (r = 0.02) and hip (P = 0.01). However, pelvic inclination did not significantly correlate with the ankle joint angle (r = 0.06). It can be concluded that there is a high prevalence of sway back abnormality among young females with the age range of 18 to 26 years. Moreover, we concluded that thoracic kypnosis, neck and lumbar lordosis, knee and hip angle in subjects with sway back abnormality would change during the life spam.

this study aimed at evaluating the effects of aerobic training on clinical symptoms and biochemical parameters of PCOS women. To conduct this semi-experimental study, 24 PCOS women were randomly selected and subdivided into two 12-subject groups. The mean age, height, weight and BMI of the subjects were 22.7± 3.77 yrs, 159.87± 5.29 Cm, 69.88± 14.12 Kg and 27.53± 5.02, respectively. The PCOS-T (trained) group underwent a 3-month structured aerobic training program (ET) which lasted for 12 weeks, whereas the PCOS-UnT (untrained) group had not any training. Clinical data (ovarian morphology, BF%, WC, WHR) and serum hormone levels (insulin, Androstenedione, testosterone, DHEA- S and SHBG) were evaluated at the onset of study and re-evaluated after 12 weeks. Paired and sample t-tests were used for statistical analysis (α ≤ 0.05). At the end of the 3-month ET, PCOS-T showed a significant reduction in ovarian volume (Right ovarian) (P = 0.001), Left ovarian (P = 0.002), BF% (P = 0.004), WC (P = 0.002), and WHR (P = 0.01). Fasting insulin (P = 0.0004) and Androtestenedione hormone (P = 0.01) significantly reduced in PCOS-T. Serum testosterone (P = 0.53), DHEA- S (P = 0.16) and SHBG levels (P = 0.40) remained unchanged in PCOS-T. After 3 months, subjects in PCOS-UnT group did not show any changes in any of above-mentioned measurements. The presumable mechanisms thorough which aerobic exercise did affect ovarian size are as follows: emergence of an endocrine environment following an increase in SHBG, decrease of free androgen and improvement in insulin sensitivity. The ovarian size changes in PCOS women may decrease circulating Androtestenedione, which in turn can improve clinical symptoms and biochemical parameters.

Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a common clinical term used to describe a variety of pathologic conditions related to the articulation between the patella and the femoral condyles. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of knee performance tests in patients with Patellofemoral pain syndrome. 15 subjects with patellofemoral pain syndrome and 17 subjects without any pain in patellofemoral joint participated in this study. The Single-Leg Press, Step-down, Bilateral Squat and Antromedial Lung were the tests whose reliability was examined in the present study. For statistical analysis of data, the Pearson correlation coefficient, paired t-test and Interclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) tests were used (α ≤ 0.05). The reliability of 4 functional performance tests used in this study ranged from 0.79 to 0.94. With the exception of the Squat test, there was significant differences in number of test repetitions in the group with patellofemoral pain (P = 0.01). All functional performance tests correlated significantly with pain except the Squat test. Limb Symmetry Index (LSI) was 80% for the group with patellofemoral pain and 97% for the control group. The reliability between the four above-mentioned functional tests was high and it had a positive correlation with changes in pain. since the functional tests used in the present study proved to have high reliability, it is suggested that these tests be applied for evaluating patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome.

Research results have shown that Back School instruction is an effective method to change the level of knowledge of the workers. The aim of this study was to survey the Effect of Back School program education and decrease of low back pain and alteration in spine curves. Participants in this study were workers of Iran-Khodro Company in three different workplace posts with mean age 31 ± 6.6 years old. First, lumbar lordosis, thoracic kyphosis and back pain evaluated. Then participants divided into two groups and Back School program administered for experimental group. One sample t-test and Paired t-test used for statistical analysis. The Paired t-test results showed that lumbar lordosis (p=0.672), thoracic kyphosis (p=0.517) and back pain (p=0.399) in Back-School group didn’t have significant changes and were approximately the same as another group with respect to the initial amounts. We concluded that the work situation is an influential factor in occurrence of lumbar lordosis, thoracic kyphosis and back pain amounts and Back School programs is one of the best programs in optimal posture maintenance program in workplace.

Introdaction: The spine is an important part of the human skeletal system. The objective of this identify was to study the effects of weight, gender and number of pregnancies (in females) on low back pain and the lumbar total and segmental lordosis. Seventy five subjects (41 males and 34 females) aged between 18 and 62 years were randomly selected. The subjects had not any previous history of back–pain or related surgery. Lateral X-ray in standing position followed by the cobb method was used to evaluate lumbar total and segmental lordosis. Variables such as subjects age, weight, height, gender, body mass index (BMI) and number of previous pregnancies (for the females) were obtained and recorded on a data sheet. In this study, pain scores were evaluated by a pain ruler. For the statistical analysis of the date, the ANOVA, tokey post hoc test and sample t-test were applied by the meaningful statistical level of less than 0.05. The amount of lumbar total lordosis was greater in females compared to the male subjects. Lumbar segmental lordosis in various parts were as follow: L1-L2 (4 in men, 6 in women), L2-L3 (8 in men, 9 in women), L3-L4 (8.7 in men, 9.5 in women), L4-L5 (12 in men, 14.6 in women), L5–S1 (23 in men, 18 in women). The degree of lumbar lordosis (upper part) was greater in obese females compare to normal weights. The number of pregnancy was in correlation with the increase in the degree of lumbar total lordosis in female subjects. Women had more pain than men. It can be concluded that obesity, gender, body mass index and multiple child birth have significant effects on low back pain and lumbar total and segmental lordosis