kobra mohammadi

The health of children is affected by Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in their parents and various complications of it. Given this, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of a program based on Roy’s adaptation model on the coping skills of children of MS patients.

This study was performed on 78 children of 78 MS patients from Shahrekord Support Association of MS patients including around 1800 patient members in 2018 using a quasiexperimental method. Samples were selected by the convenience sampling method, and a researcher-made checklist was completed based on Roy’s adaptation model by them, and those who scored less than 80% on the checklist were included in the study and randomly allocated to control and intervention groups. The coping skills questionnaire was completed before, immediately, and 2 months after the intervention in two groups. In the intervention group, a supportive training program was developed and implemented based on Roy’s adaptation model in six sessions and followed up for 2 months. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 23 using statistical tests.

There was a significant difference in changes in mean coping skills scores during the intervention between control and intervention groups (p < 0.001) so that the coping skills scores showed a significant increase in the intervention group.

It is possible to increase the level of adaptation in children of MS patients and improve their coping skills by using educational and supportive programs based on Roy’s adaptation model.

Discourse analysis, as a branch of linguistics and a major contribution to the social sciences, is literally defined as the study of language units above the level of a sentence, the way they combine to create meaning, to constitute coherence, and accomplish the message through social practices, interactions and ideologies. The book covers the major notions and approaches to discourse analysis including critical discourse analysis, applied linguistics, communication and cultural studies, social psychology, multimodal discourse analysis and anthropology accompanied with their implications in various educational and institutional settings. Regarding the nature of discourse analysis as an interdisciplinary approach, various academic backgrounds and disciplines can be traced back in this field.Overall, despite common interests in the production of an academic work backed by a unique holistic perspective, this book benefits from the voices, views and findings of a plethora of authors, who are leading figures and distinguished scholars on discourse analysis. This resulted in a comprehensive handbook covering multi-layered and multi-faceted notions involving in the field

Job stress develops from interactions, job tasks, and heightened stressors and lead to burnout, increasing absenteeism, health problems, and turnover. Individuals who are high in trait mindfulness are less stressed at work, better adjusted, and healthier. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction training on Job stress and Assertiveness among employed women. This study was a experimental study with a pretest and posttest design with a control group. The research population was the employed women in Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz in 2022, out of which 30 people were selected by voluntary sampling method and randomly placed into two equal groups. The experimental group was trained 8 sessions of 90 minutes (one sessions per week) with mindfulness-based stress reduction method, and the control group was placed on the waiting list for training. Data were collected by Parker and Davis job stress questionnaire, Gambrill and Richey assertiveness Scale, and analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Finding showed a significant difference between performance of both experimental and control groups in the scores of Job stress and Assertiveness in post-test stages (p < 0/001). Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that training program of mindfulness-based stress reduction is effective in reduce Job stress and increasing Assertiveness among employed women. Regarding the effectiveness of training, implementation of such educational programs by Managers of organizations and other family therapists is recommended.

The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of self-compassion therapy on self-control and self-expression of female students with self-injurious behaviors visiting a counseling center in District 3 of Ahvaz. To this end, four students who met the inclusion criteria were selected using purposive sampling. This study was conducted using a multiple baseline single-case experimental design. The self-compassion therapy program was conducted in 10 sessions. The participants completed the Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS; Tangney et al., 2004) and the Assertiveness Self-Report Inventory (ASRI; Herzberger et al., 1984) in the three baseline, intervention, and follow-up phases. The data were analyzed using the visual drawing method, reliable change index (RCI), and recovery rate formula. The results showed that self-compassion therapy increased the self-control and self-expression of female students. Following these results, it is recommended that school counselors use self-compassion therapy to promote the self-control and self-expression of students with self-injurious behaviors

The aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of interpersonal psychotherapy on self-control and self-expression of female students with self-harming behaviors referred to the counseling center of area 3 of Ahvaz city. In this research, four students were selected by the voluntary-purposive sampling method and based on the entry and exit criteria. The design of the experimental research was a single case of the multiple baseline type. Interpersonal psychotherapy was taught to the students in ten sessions, and they responded to the self-control scale (Tanjani, 2004) and the self-report self-expression questionnaire (Herzberger et al., 1984) in three stages of the baseline, during the training and the two-month follow-up. The data were analyzed by visual drawing method, Reliable Change Index (RCI), and recovery rate formula. The findings showed that interpersonal psychotherapy training increased, in general’s students, self-control (37.96%) and self-expression (51.04%) during training and Follow-up Stages. These were maintained percentages in follow-up stage. The RCI should meaningful change and increase in student’s self-control and self- expression during training and follow-up stages. Based on the findings of the research, it can be concluded that therapists can use interpersonal psychotherapy as an effective approach to reduce self-harming behaviors in students.

The results of the study explain the significant positive relationship between the components of social capital and the feasibility of regeneration in dysfunctional contexts of Akhtarabad neighborhood of Karaj. Also, the results of the study explain the different levels of influence of social capital components on the feasibility of regeneration in dysfunctional contexts of Akhtarabad neighborhood of Karaj.

The present article is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. A questionnaire method was used to collect information. The statistical population of the present study is the total population of Akhtarabad neighborhood is 13565 and its sample size is 381. To evaluate the role of social capital in the feasibility of urban regeneration, 6 components of social awareness, social trust, social cohesion, social organization, network and social relations and social participation have been used. Smart PLS and SPSS software were used to analyze the findings. To investigate the relationship between research variables, a structural model at a significant level and to evaluate the role of social capital components on the feasibility of regeneration in dysfunctional contexts, a structural model at the factor load level has been used.

The findings of the structural model at a significant level show a value of T statistic greater than 2.58 for all effective variables of the research and a significant relationship at the level of 99% between them. The findings of the structural model of the research at the factor load level show that the six components of social cohesion, network and social relations, social participation, social trust, social awareness and social organization, respectively, with a path coefficient of 0.378, 0.376, 0.331, 0.324, 0.234 and 0.198 are effective on the feasibility of urban regeneration in dysfunctional tissues of Akhtarabad neighborhood of Karaj.

The results of the study explain the significant positive relationship between the components of social capital and the feasibility of regeneration in dysfunctional contexts of Akhtarabad neighborhood of Karaj. Also, the results of the study explain the different levels of influence of social capital components on the feasibility of regeneration in dysfunctional contexts of Akhtarabad neighborhood of Karaj.

The COVID‑19 epidemic is a global health crisis that, in addition to physical health, has affected the mental health of all individuals, especially health‑care workers, including nurses and family members. In this regard, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of COVID‑19 epidemic on mental health of nurses’ family members.

The present descriptive‑analytic and cross‑sectional study was conducted in 2020 year on family members of nurses working in Hajar Hospital for admission and hospitalization of patients with COVID‑19, after obtaining the necessary permits and coordination. To prevent the spread of COVID‑19 through respiratory or contact droplets, a blog was designed to collect data using software. Participation in this study was voluntary. Data collection tools included consent, demographic questionnaire, and mental health questionnaire (Patient Health Questionnaire‑9). Data were analyzed by SPSS version 22.

Findings of this study showed that out of 208 family members of nurses participating in this study, 96 were male and 112 were female and their mean age was 35.78 years, and 55.3% of the participants had university education. Their mean mental health score was 12.91 ± 3.75, so that 22.6% of people had mild depression, 71.4% of people had moderate depression, and 1.8% of people had severe depression. Independent t‑test showed that there is a statistically significant relationship between mental health and gender and marital status (P < 0.001). Furthermore, one‑way analysis of variance test showed that there is a significant relationship between mental health and age (P < 0.001); this test also showed that there is no relationship between education and mental health (P = 0.75).

The results indicate that the mental health of nurses’ family members is affected by the challenges of COVID‑19 epidemic time, so that many of them suffer from some degree of depression. Therefore, supporting this population requires urgent action.

 

self-talk and feedbacks are of psychological interventions that with motivation can be effective on motor performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of motivational self-talk and positive feedback on the performance of static balance task students 12-13 years.

Sixty students were selected from Qazvin and to Stork test (standing on one leg) received training. Then they underwent a pre-test and divided to three motivational self-talk, positive feedback and control groups. Participants in the experimental groups, after performing pre-test, psychological intervention were its own. To analyze the data and differences between groups, Kruskal-Wallis test and the Wilcoxon test to compare pre-test and post-test each group at a significant level of p<0.05 used.

The results showed that there was no significant difference between groups in the pre-test (p≥0/05), but ,motivational self-talk and positive feedback group have significant difference than control group in the post-test. In the other hand, they have better performance than the control group (p = 0.003). Furthermore, result showed that there both motivational self-talk (p = 0.001) and positive feedback (p = 0.000) lead to significant increment in student’s static balance.

This study showed that motivational self-talk and positive feedbacks are, as effective ways they can improve the static balance. Therefore, it is suggested that educators and others involved in the exercise use both psychological interventions in this study to progress in the static balance.

General health is not merely the absence of illness or disability, but a state of well-being that enables one to cope with the stresses of life, become professionally and academically useful. Parents' multiple sclerosis complications have potential effects on the health of their offspring. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of program based on Roy’s adaptation model on general health of offspring of patients with multiple sclerosis.

This semi-experimental study was done on 80 offspring of parents with multiple sclerosis, member of the MS association and the welfare organization of Shahrekord in 2018. Samples were selected as available, Roy form were completed by them and those who scored less than 80%, entered the study. The general health questionnaire was completed in both groups before, after and two months after the intervention. In the intervention group, a program based Roy’s adaptation model was developed, implemented and followed up for six session (2session education, of general education and 4 session direct intervention). Data were analyzed by SPSS21 software and statistical tests.

 Before intervention, the mean of general health scores between the two groups was not statistically significant (p = 0.716). But there was a significant difference immediately after (p = 0.025) and two months after the intervention (p <0.001). General health scores in the intervention group showed a significant increase.

Using a program based on Roy’s adaptation model has a positive effect on general health of  offspring of people with multiple sclerosis.

Measurement of hematological parameters of fish exposed to toxicant are used to predict the toxic effects of toxicant. Experimental carps weighing 55.49±6.09g divided into 9 different groups contains 12 fish, were fed daily at 3% of their body weight for 8 continuous weeks. The diets contained copper as sulfate salt (25.18 or 38.15mg Cu/kg diet) and zinc as chloride salt (96.09 or 120.28mg Zn/kg diet) and control group was fed with diet containing no additional copper or zinc. A full factorial combination of above treatments (3×3) was performed. At the end of experiment, five fish were randomly withdrawn from each tank and blood samples were taken from the caudal peduncle vein. The blood was used for determination of Hb (Hemoglobin), Hct (Hematocrit) and RBC (Red Blood Cell) count. Erythrocyte indices, including MCV, MCH and MCHC were also calculated. Our results showed that manipulation of copper and zinc contents in Cyprinus carpio diet induce changes in some hematological parameters. The RBC, Hb and MCHC showed a significant decrease in single zinc-treatments (P0.05). Changes in the amounts of copper and zinc in diet resulted in altering hematological parameters in carp. Although copper and zinc are essential trace elements for fish, it needs to be carefully used as a supplement, because its high concentration in diet may reveal some adverse effects.

In this study, the effects of different amounts of dietary copper and zinc on serum parameters related to bone metabolism in common carp was determined. Fish weighting 56.56 ± 22.43 g were divided into 5 groups (12 individual/group), were fed at a rate of 3% of body weight for 8 weeks. The Diet contained copper (1 and 3 mg/kg diet) and zinc (7.5 and 15 mg/kg diet) and a control dietary group with no addition of copper and zinc. At the end of the experiment, 8 fish were chosen randomly from each tank and blood samples were taken from the caudal peduncle. Then, serum parameters related to bone metabolism, including calcium, inorganic phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D3 and alkaline phosphatase were measured. The result showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in serum calcium concentration following Cu2 treatment in comparison with control treatment. Serum phosphorus were reduced significantly in Zn1 and Cu1treatments as compared with control. Although the amounts of serum magnesium and vitamin D3 were elevated in some treatments, the overall changes did not show significant differences (P>0.05). Significant reductions (P<0.05) in the activity of alkaline phosphatase were observed in all treatments compared with controll group. Generally, increase in the levels of the copper and zinc in diet, by changing serum parameters related to bone metabolism can affect bone formation to some extent in common carp.

The present study aimed at investigating the impact of training in transactional analysis on psychological well-being and self-knowledge of married women in Tehran. Participants were 30 married women randomly selected from among all counseling seeking married women referring to Tehran’s counseling centers in 2012. They were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Training sessions were carried out in 10 successive two-hour sessions. Before and after the program, the Ryff’s Psychological Well-being, and the Self-knowledge Questionnaires were administered to the subjects in both groups. Results of post-test and follow up analysis showed that training in transactional analysis did increase the psychological well-being and self-knowledge and all other subscales in women ( p

The present research was conducted to investigate the effects of Solution–Focused therapy on marital adjustment and marital communication in couples referred to Ahvaz Counsel Centers for problem disclosure. The population included all couples referred to this counsel. The sample consisted of 30 couples (from 43 couples) who were selected randomly for this study. The instrument used in this study was Marital Adjustment Spanier Scale. The design of this study was pretest–post test with control group. For pretest, all subjects completed the scale, and then the experimental group received intervention (solution–focused training). At the post-test stage the two groups completed the scale again. The results of this study showed that Solution–Focused Training increased marital adjustment in experimental group, in comparison to control group.