فهرست مطالب leyla asgari

Research on plants and herbs has an important place in various fields of botany, pharmacology, medicine, geography, archeology and especially linguistics and compilation of Persian cultures. In this research, with the aim of studying linguistic strains, an attempt has been made to investigate the difficulties of identifying the nature of plant names in Middle Persian texts, considering its special feature as religious texts and not botanical or pharmacology. For this purpose, considering the continuation and continuity of the use of these plant names in Persian classical texts and also a brief review of these names in Arabic botanical sources and texts, some difficulties in knowing the nature and identity of these plant names will be explained and the question answered whether it is possible to identify carefully these flowers and plants by referring to their use in later texts, whether Persian or Arabic. This research is based on the data of Bundahšn's book (Iranian, Indian) and their continuation in classic Persian works of external writings, books related to botany and similar Arabic books. The results showed that the most important difficulties in the study of botanical names include the non-specialization of Middle Persian texts; text fonts and the possibility of different readings of a word; unrecognizability of some plant names that have not reached the classical texts, as well as the semantic and phonetic changes of plant names in the transition from the middle period to the new period. Therefore, even about plant names that can be recognized; to document the botanical names, it is necessary to conduct textual research studies based on the historical course. The Azariyun flower was attached as a sample after studying these issues.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of positive cognitive behavioral education on social stiffness and self-care in the elderly with empty nest syndrome.

The present study was a quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The research community of the elderly with empty nest syndrome had psychological problems referring to counseling centers and psychological services in Sari in 1399. After examining the inclusion criteria, 40 elderly people were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly replaced in experimental and control groups (20 people in each group). The experimental group underwent 8 sessions of 75 minutes (one session per week) in positive cognitive-behavioral training and the control group did not receive training. The research instruments were the King et al stigma questionnaire (2007) and Younesi Borujeni et al elderly self-care scale (2020). Data were analyzed by Chi-square, independent t-test and multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS-25 software.

The results of independent t-test showed that the experimental and control groups in the pre-test stage were not significantly different in terms of social heat and self-care (P> 0.05), but in the post-test stage both variables were significantly different (P˂0.001). . Also, the results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed that positive cognitive behavioral training reduced social stiffness and increased self-care of the elderly with empty nest syndrome (P˂0.001).

According to the results of this study, elderly health professionals and therapists can use positive cognitive behavioral education to improve the psychological characteristics of the elderly, especially to reduce social stiffness and increase self-care in the elderly with empty nest syndrome.