maryam hassanzadeh

The purpose of the current research was to investigate the effect of technology and especially researcher-made courseware on the spelling disorder of students with poor visual memory. The research was conducted utilizing a quasi-experimental method with an experimental and control group design. The statistical population of the research includes all male students in Mashhad who have dysgraphia and poor visual memory in the academic year 2021-2022. The research sample includes 40 students who were selected by the available sampling method and randomly divided in two experimental and control groups. In order to carry out the research, the experimental group was trained with courseware during eight sessions. The T-test was used to analyze the obtained data. Analysis of the obtained results, it can be concluded that with 95% confidence courseware has a significant effect on improving the dysgraphia of students with poor visual memory. The findings of the study indicated that utilizing courseware can be an efficient method to reduce the dysgraphia in students.

This paper presents a novel multi-generation system based on biogas fuel for simultaneous production of goods such as electricity, cooling, freshwater, and hydrogen using smart heat recovery of combustion gases. The performance of the proposed system is investigated in terms of the first and second laws of thermodynamics. Also, to acquire a comprehensive evaluation of operation costs, an exergoeconomic analysis has been performed. Furthermore, a comprehensive parametric study has been conducted to understand the behavior of the system performance parameters with the design parameters. In the following, to show the superiority of using a Stirling engine, the investigation of the present study is performed under two different scenarios. The proposed system could produce 986 kW, 137.5 kW, 8.39 m3/h, and 2.96 kg/h, net output electricity, cooling load, distilled water, and hydrogen while working with the Stirling engine. In this case, the energy and exergy efficiencies of the proposed system are obtained at 37.3% and 32.08%, which are improved by about 2.96% and 7.89%, respectively. In terms of cost metrics, the total unit cost of the products is about 0.1086$/kWh which has increased by 8.1% compared to the non-sterling engine mode.

Given the natural, historical, and cultural potentials of Guilan province, a key pivot of its development is tourism, among whose different forms medical tourism is of particular importance. Co-creation is a sort of marketing strategy that emphasizes the creation and recognition of values shared by an organization and customers to improve service quality and preserve and create value for customers. The present study aims to propose a value co-creation model with an emphasis on organization and customer in the medical tourism industry. The research is exploratory in nature and applied in the objective. The statistical population is composed of eight scientific and executive experts in tourism and eight medical tourists. The sampling method is purposive and snowball. Data, which were collected by semi-structured interviews, were analyzed by the grounded theory. After three steps of coding, the model of value co-creation with organization and customer was identified as a paradigm. The validity and reliability of the data were checked by a combination of validity measurement methods and the test-retest method. Based on the results, the strategies of organizational value co-creation were considered to include the medical tourism mix as the pivotal phenomenon, medical tourism potentials as causal conditions, and medical tourism infrastructure as contextual factors. Customer value co-creation including resources, motivations, and interactions of tourists and customer value co-creation behavior including loyalty and citizen behavior were considered as the consequences of the model.

Drivers of public vehicles, especially in highly polluted and crowded areas, are exposed to high air pollutants, especially particulate matter less than ten microns (PM10). The purpose of this study was to measure and evaluate the level of exposure of city bus drivers to PM10 particles in Bojnurd, Iran.

This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in Bojnurd, Iran. A sampling of particulate matter was taken through bus driverschr('39') respiratory area in two routes from the main routes of the city using the Haz-Dust device. This device has been designed and manufactured based on the NIOSH-500 method. Using an impactor 10, the amount of particulate matter less than ten microns was read from the device.  Particle sampling was performed in both round-trip buses in three shifts in the morning, noon, and evening for one year. The results of the measurements were statistically analyzed by descriptive statistics and mean statistical indices, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney test and One-way ANOVA test at 95% significance level by SPSS software version 24.

A total of 420 times, PM10 particles were measured in the driverschr('39') respiratory area.  Approximately 21% of the measurement days had a concentration of more than 150 micrograms per cubic meter of air (or µg/m3). Measurements show that among 140 days of measurement, the highest concentration was on May 21 (with 380.66 µg/m3 of air), and the lowest concentration was on August 9 (with 35.33 µg/m3 of air). The average daily exposure of drivers in this one-year was 151.29 µg/m3 of air.

The exposure of city bus drivers to PM10 particles in Bojnurd was much higher than recommended by the World Health Organization (50 µg/m3 of air) and slightly higher than the US Environmental Protection Agency standard (150 µg/m3 of air), which predisposes them to cardiovascular disease in the future. The active buses on these two routes did not use the air conditioning system, which allowed suspended particles to penetrate the bus from the outside. It is suggested that in order to reduce the driverschr('39') exposure, effective control measures should be adopted and implemented as soon as possible, such as launching an air conditioning system equipped with a HEPA filter.

IFLAchr('39')s approach is to move towards developing qualitative guidelines and examining the feasibility of implementing these guidelines in the countries using them. The present research has been conducted with a view to formulating the related qualitative guidelines and surveying the feasibility of their implementation in the context of Iranchr('39')s public libraries.

The current research is an applied study in terms of purpose, which applies an exploratory sequential mixed method. In the qualitative part, IFLA guidelines were investigated using the focus group method and a checklist was made in order to categorize the guidelines and to determine the evaluating groups. In this part, the research sample consisted of 5 experts in the development of Iranchr('39')s standards that were selected using the purposeful sampling method. In the quantitative part, the tool for data collection was a questionnaire. In this part, the statistical population were composed of 4 groups evaluating IFLA standards in Iranchr('39')s public libraries, who consisted of 80 managers and organizational specialists, 111 librarians, 21 experts, and 342 users amounting to 559 people in total. Each sample group was determined using the sampling method and Krejcie & Morgan table. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires among 4 evaluating groups. 81 questionnaires were returned by managers and organizational specialists, 110 ones by librarians, 21 ones by experts and 342 ones by users. Data analysis was carried out using the descriptive and inferential statistics. Excel and SPSS software packages were employed to calculate the frequency rates, averages and to perform the Kruskal-Wallis test.

In the qualitative part of this research, different IFLA guidelines in 12 areas of public libraries` programs and services for various classes of user community were drawn on and confirmed in the checklist of focus group. Totally, out of 12 guidelines (51 guideline statements) appraised by 4 evaluating groups, 8 guidelines can be implemented in Iranchr('39')s public libraries and the remaining 4 groups can be implemented under certain conditions. The findings of the quantitative part and a comparison drawn among the 4 groups on common statements using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test showed that there is no significant difference between the views of evaluating groups, namely librarians, experts, managers and organizational specialists; However, a significant difference was found between the above-mentioned groups and users. To increase the feasibility of implementation IFLA guidelines in Iranchr('39')s public libraries, some remedies are put forward, including: revising and correcting some instructions, learning about the population of users, assessing the user needs, setting up a task-force consisting of managers, librarians, experts and users to develop and regulate library activities.

The review of relevant literature in Iran and abroad showed that no research has already been conducted in order to codify IFLA qualitative guidelines in the field of public librarieschr('39') services and programs or to look into the feasibility of IFLA guidelineschr('39') implementation from the point of view of policy-makers and the relevant specialists. The findings of this research can help us with decision-making and policymaking in delivering implementing services and programs as well as in developing standards for public libraries.

In order to evaluate salinity tolerance in some sorghum genotypes, a split-plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted at the Research Farm of East-Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Tabriz, Iran. The results showed significant difference among genotypes in all studied traits, except for leaf length, leaf to stem dry weight ratio, and fresh weight of the stem to the total fresh weight ratio. Also, salinity treatment had significant effect on leaf length, leaf fresh and dry weight, stem fresh and dry weight, fresh weight of the leaf to the total fresh weight and fresh weight of the stem to the total fresh weight ratios. The mean comparison showed that these traits decreased by salinity stress. In this research, Pegah and KFS2 verities have more plant fresh weight, leaf number, stem diameter, leaf fresh weight, stem fresh weight, leaf dry weight, shoot dry weight and fresh weight of the leaf to the total fresh weight ratio in compared with common genotypes. But, Pegah and native Jolfa genotypes had the highest plant height. Differences between genotypes in different traits indicate the desirable genetic variation among the studied genotypes.

Todays, we can use of new technology tools for restoring and saving data in huge size and so we need a new science for searching in these huge data source and finding useful and neccessory results in them. Data mining is a science that is searched automatically in huge data for finding models and association ruls in them where other statistical analysis can’t do that. The medical science is one of sciences that need to use of these tools for analyzing their huge data and creating predictive model with new computation ways. The purpose of this research is review of ruls and application area of predictive data mining in medical sciences and presenting a frame work for creating, evalution and explointion of data mining models in this. In this article we reviewed researches that are published recently about predictive datamining in medicine and we try to highlight important problems and summarizing data mining ways and algoriths that use in this area as a learning set. This research is shown that datamining preidiction provide neccessory tools for researcher and medical doctors to improvmet in prevention of disease, diagnosis ways and their treatment programs. And also it seems the way of data mining in medical are mostly clustering and classification.

This research aimed at performance appraisal of public librarians in Guilan province, using 360 degree feedback approach.

The survey used a questionnaire devised for data collection in 4 formats, to assess librarians by 4 groups: superiors, colleagues, themselves, and library users. The research population was the community of all 80 public librarians in Guilan Province, north of Iran.. From a pool of the available sources and documents, items were derived or created in accordance with views of some academics and experts who were selected as a Delphi Panel from a range of people known for their experience and/or expertise in library management.

In regard with Moral-Value Index, self-evaluations were significantly different from those of superiors, colleagues and library users. As far as the Process Index was concerned, there was a significant difference between the users’ viewpoints and other three groups. In relation to Performance Index, as well as the general appraisal, no significant difference was observed among the viewpoints of the four evaluating groups. Originality/Value: This the first application of 360 degree feedback approaches in Iranian libraries.

This research aims at the assessment of the “Ketabe Man” project from librarian's and user's viewpoint in Tehran public libraries.

A survey procedure was used as the research method. The data were collected by questionnaires. The study population included 21 librarians and 384 users of the “ketabe man” project in 10 Tehran public libraries.

The findings showed that most (67.6%) of the “ketabe man” user's awareness, was through the library and the librarians. It emerged that 77.9% of the library users preferred to supply their books from the library and by the “ketabe-man” project. As the users reported the project has decreased their books expenses. They also announced their satisfaction with the “ketabe-man” project at a high level. From the librarian's viewpoint, the ketabe-man project has had a good impact on library collection. They also reported that the ketabe-man project has had a high impact on the rate of reading and cultural equity.Originality/Value: Since research procedure and success evaluation are the essential factors in the process of conducting such projects, the present study assesses the ketabe-man project from the point of view of both librarians and users. The study also identifies the strengths and weak points of the project as well as the opportunities to improve it.