mohammadhasan darvishi

Cellulose is the most abundant natural biopolymer and one of the most popular environmentally friendly materials that bacterial species can produce. Due to the unique characteristics of bacteria cellulose, such as using a very low-cost culture medium for growth, creating a suitable wet environment in the wound bed, and the ability to adapt to various wound conditions, diversity in size, high porosity, non-toxicity, Biocompatibility, high strength, and resistance, being impervious to bacteria were used in this study.

In this research, we designed, fabricated, and evaluated biocompatible and strong wound dressings with maximum ideal characteristics. These wound dressings were based on bacteriocellulose (derived from kombucha) and bioactive glass seeds. We investigated the biochemical and physical properties of the wound dressing, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), tensile strength, swelling, contact angle, toxicity (MTT), and antimicrobial properties. Based on the results, the prepared wound dressing was selected for in vivo evaluation on rats. We used microscopic and histological (hematoxylin and eosin staining) techniques and wound surface measurement to evaluate wound healing on days 7, 14, and 20 after treatment.

The results obtained from FE-SEM show the three-dimensional structure of bacterial cellulose. The FTIR examination of the wound surface shows its hydrophilic solid properties; bioglass nanoparticles in the bacterial cellulose substrate strengthen and improve its mechanical properties. Bacteriocellulose has a relatively good swelling ability and creates a moist and suitable environment in the wound area; it also makes it easier to separate the wound dressing from the wound environment and is a suitable absorbent for wound secretions. It has biocompatibility. In the examination of the in vitro performance by measuring the degree of wound closure as an indicator of the effectiveness of the treatment, it was shown that the treatment of the wound with a bacteria cellulose dressing treated with bioglass particles led to the wound healing after 20 days.

The findings show that this wound dressing has suitable capabilities such as biocompatibility, high mechanical strength, non-toxicity, creating and maintaining moisture on the wound's surface, antimicrobial properties, Appropriate flexibility, and the ability to absorb wound secretions. Therefore, this dressing has good potential for the successful and targeted healing of wounds, especially burns.

Niosomes are biodegradable and biocompatible carriers that have a hydrophilic head and a lipophilic tail and can encapsulate both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs. By nanotechnology and curcumin-loaded nano-niosomes, it is possible to exploit the diverse anticancer properties of curcumin via targeted delivery to the desired tissue.

The present study aims to evaluate the effects of curcumin-loaded niosome nanoparticles (CM-NP) and free curcumin (CM) on apoptosis, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and STAT3/NF-kB signaling pathway in A549 lung cancer cell line.

The A549 cells were first exposed to CM-NP and CM. Then, the apoptosis, intracellular ROS, and STAT3/NF-κB signaling pathways were evaluated using commercial kits.

Exposure to CM-NP significantly increased the early and late apoptotic A549 cells compared to CM (P<0.001). Based on the half-maximal inhibitory concentration values, the CM-NP caused a significant increase in ROS production compared to CM (P<0.001). In addition, exposure to CM and CM-NP led to a significant decrease in the expression levels of STAT3 and NF-κB compared to non-exposed cells (P<0.001). The expression levels of NF-κB and STAT3 in A549 cells exposed to CM-NP were significantly lower than those in the CM group (P<0.05).

The curcumin nano-niosomes induces apoptosis in A549 lung cancer cells more than the free form of curcumin, in an oxidative stress-dependent manner and by increasing intracellular ROS and by STAT3/NF-κB signaling pathways. These results demonstrate the potential of the curcumin nano-niosomes as a promising method for lung cancer treatment.

This study aimed to develop a liposomal silibinin formulation that would reduce healing time and improve wound healing.

A thin film method was used to prepare liposomal silibinin. They were characterized for their size, ζ-potential, drug encapsulation efficiency, and silibinin release kinetics in vitro. By using a scanning electron microscope, lipid nanoparticle morphology was determined. A MTT assay was then used to determine the cytotoxicity of liposomal silibinin for human skin fibroblasts. SPSS version 18 software was used to analyze the results using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).

The optimized liposomal silibinin with a size of 112 ± 9.07 nm, and ζ-potential value of -14.5 ± 2.2 mV exhibited a high silibinin encapsulation efficiency (84± 5.3%). Results of the MTT assay indicated that the liposomal silibinin formulation does not have cytotoxicity besides they promote the growth of fibroblast cells.

Liposomal silibinin promotes the therapeutic effect of silibinin for wound healing.

Shigella dysenteriae are Gram-negative and non-sporulating bacteria that cause illness in epithelial tissue of the colon and rectum. According to a preliminary analysis, rare or no reports could introduce highly reliable and specific genes, primers, and probes for S. dysenteriae recognition. Thus, it is necessary to detect specific genome parts in S. dysenteriae that could be used in diagnostic laboratories to recognize S. dysenteriae species confidently.
Identification of specific S. dysenteriae genome regions as DNA-barcodes was the main objective of the current study to accrue detection of this species. To this end, S. dysenteriae genome was compared with other Enterobacteriaceae genomes.
Results indicated that there is little genetic distance between S. dysenteriae and E. coli, and most of the genes are common between these 2 species. The lowest genome fluidity was observed between S. dysenteriae and Escherichia coli, and Salmonella enterica. Furthermore, the largest number of orthologous genes was observed between S. dysenteriae and E. coli (O157_H7). All previous markers and virulent genes were also evaluated in the current study. However, no specific DNA barcodes were identified among already identified genes. Additionally, all regions of S. dysenteriae genome were investigated in the current study using specific region identifier programs by comparison with other Enterobacteriaceae strains.
Finally, eight specific DNA-barcodes were identified in the current study that could be beneficial for specific recognition of S. dysenteriae strains.

Chitosan, a biodegradable and cationic polysaccharide with increasing applications in biomedicine, possesses many advantages including mucoadhesivity, biocompatibility, and low-immunogenicity. The aim of this study, was investigating the influence of pH, ratio of azelaic acid/chitosan and molecular weight of chitosan on loading efficiency of azelaic acid in chitosan particles.
A model was generated using artificial neural networks (ANNs) to study interactions between the inputs and their effects on loading of azelaic acid.
From the details of the model, pH showed a reverse effect on the loading efficiency. Also, a certain ratio of drug/chitosan (~ 0.7) provided minimum loading efficiency, while molecular weight of chitosan showed no important effect on loading efficiency.
In general, pH and drug/chitosan ratio indicated an effect on loading of the drug. pH was the major factor affecting in determining loading efficiency.