فهرست مطالب rahim ahmadi

Colon cancer is one of the most common tumors in the human population. There are many drugs on the market to treat different types of cancer, but their use is limited due to toxic effects and side effects, and in the last ten, experts in this field are looking for suitable alternatives to common anti-cancer drugs. This study was aimed to assess the comparison of the effects of oxaliplatin on the nitric oxide level in colorectal adenocarcinoma SW480 and non-tumor HEK293 cell lines. In this experimental study, Oxaliplatin was prepared at concentrations of 1.95, 3.90, 7.8, 15.6, 32.25, 62.5, 125, 250 and 500 μg/ml and the cytotoxic effect was investigated on HEK293 and SW480 cell lines using MTT method. Nitric oxide was measured by Grease method and Real Time PCR technique was applied to evaluate the iNOS gene expression. Finally, one-way ANOVA and t-test were used to analyze the data. The results of this study indicated that Oxaliplatin had a lethal effect on the SW480 cell line at concentrations of 7.8 to 250 μg/ml, but showed no cytotoxic effects on normal cell lines at other concentrations. Oxaliplatin at concentrations of 10, 20, and 40 μg/ml significantly increased nitric oxide production in SW480 cells compared to HEK293 cells, which served as the normal cell line. The results of Real Time PCR showed that the expression of the iNOS gene in both SW480 and HEK293 cells was not significantly different from the control group, but was higher. The results indicated that use of oxaliplatin can cause excellent therapeutic effects on cancer cell lines with minimum side effects.

Background and Objectives The use of stem cells for skin wound healing is still facing serious challenges.This study aims to determine the effectiveness of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) sprayin histologically improving skin wounds in male diabetic rats.Subjects and Methods In this experimental study, mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from adiposetissue and cultured and characterized by evaluating the expression of specific CD markers. Microbialcontamination in samples was assessed before treatment. Then, 18 male Wistar rats were dividedinto control and treatment groups. Diabetes was induced by a single injection of streptozotocin. Then,wounds with a diameter of 0.8 cm were created in the back of the rats. The ADSCs were sprayed on thewound area in the treatment group. Wound healing was assessed on days 7, 14, and 21 after treatmentusing visual observation and histopathological examination. The data were analyzed using ANOVA.Results Wound closure was accelerated on days 7, 14 and 21 in the treatment group compared to thecontrol group. Histological examination showed that the skin thickness, angiogenesis, and epithelializationwere higher in the treatment group on days 7, 14, and 21 compared to the control group.Conclusion The spray of ADSCs on the wound area can accelerate the healing process and can be usedfor skin wound repair.

 Cervical cancer develops in female cervix. 99% of cervical cancer cases are linked to infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV). Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women. Effective primary (HPV vaccination) and secondary prevention approaches can prevent most cervical cancer cases. The treatment of cervical cancer varies worldwide. Radiation may be used in all stages where surgical options do not exist. In addition, chemotherapy can be used to treat cervical cancer, and has been found to be more effective than radiation alone. However, prevention methods are very important to be considered to overcome the soaring incidence of cervical cancers (1,2). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs) are a group of medicines that relieve pain and fever and reduce inflammation. They work by blocking a specific group of enzymes called cyclo-oxygenase enzymes (COX enzymes) leading to reducing of prostaglandins production. Aspirin, also known as acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), is an NSAID used to reduce pain, fever, or inflammation. Aspirin is also used long-term to help prevent further heart attacks, ischaemic strokes, and blood clots in people at high risk. Aspirin decomposes rapidly in some chemical solutions including ammonium acetate or the acetates. Aspirin's ability to suppress the production of prostaglandins and thromboxanes is due to its irreversible inactivation of the cyclooxygenase enzyme required for prostaglandin synthesis. Aspirin also uncouples oxidative phosphorylation in certain tissues mitochondria, by diffusing from the inner membrane space as a proton carrier back into the mitochondrial matrix, where it ionizes once again to release protons. There is evidence that has shown that aspirin as a chemoprotective agent may reduce overall cancer incidence and mortality in colorectal, esophageal and gastric cancers with smaller effects on prostate, breast and lung cancer. Research has shown that NSAIDs such as aspirin play a role in preventing cancer development in a variety of organs including colon, pancreas, stomach, uterus and esophagus (3,4). In vitro and in vivo studies have revealed that NSAIDs have significant inhibitory effects on a variety of tumors, including gastrointestinal tumors and tumors of the reproductive system. Recent research suggest that NSAIDs have inhibitory effects on ovarian, breast, and cervical cancer cells in vivo and in vitro (5-10).  Aspirin has been reported to have antitumor effects on reproductive cancer cells (11). However, contrary to research findings that confirm the anti-tumor effects of aspirin on cancer cells of the reproductive system, some research has shown that aspirin has no significant effects on cancer development. Some research results have not shown a significant association between aspirin and reduced endometrial and ovarian cancers (12, 13). Although many studies demonstrate the anti-cancer effects of aspirin, the inhibitory effect of aspirin on cancer cells are still challenging. The present study investigated the cytotoxic effects of aspirin on cervical cancer (Hela) cells in vitro and the effects of cytotoxic concentration of aspirin on expression level of apoptotic BAX, anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and iNOS in cervical cancer cells.

In this experimental-laboratory study, cervical cancer cell line was purchased from Pasteur Institute and divided into aspirin-treated groups with 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01,0.1, 1 and 10 mg /ml, and control (untreated) group. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2–5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay was used to determine cell viability through determination of mitochondrial function of cells by measuring activity of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase, during which, MTT is reduced to a purple formazan by NADH. The product was quantified by light absorbance at 570 nm. The expression levels of BAX, Bcl-2, iNOS genes were evaluated by Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) technique. Total RNAs were extracted with the high purity RNA extraction kit according to the manufacturer’s instructions and reverse-transcribed into cDNAs. Then, real-time quantitative PCR was conducted to analyze Bax , Bcl-2, iNOS and GAPDH expression levels. The expression of genes was calculated based on 2-ΔΔCT method and was normalized to the loading control, GAPDH. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA.

The results of the present study showed that cervical cancer (Hela) cell viability did not change significantly when exposed to 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01 and 0.1 of aspirin compared to control group. However, exposure of cervical cancer cells to 1 and 10 mg / ml of aspirin significantly reduced cell viability (p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively). BAX, Bcl-2 and iNOS expression levels significantly increased in cervical cancer cells exposed to1 mg/ml of aspirin. The BAX / Bcl-2 ratio was 3.18 showing the higher level of apoptotic BAX than anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression level.

The results of this study showed that lower concentrations of aspirin did not have cytotoxic effects on cervical cancer cells, but higher concentrations could induce BAX-dependent apoptosis by increasing the ratio of BAX to Bcl-2 expression level, and increasing the relative expression of Nitric oxide synthase gene. After binding to its receptor and triggering a chain of reactions, aspirin is thought to trigger the expression of apoptotic genes by acting on DNA and transcription. In this way, BAX in the mitochondrial membrane, after homodimerization and oligomerization, causes the opening of anion channels, and consequently the potential difference of the mitochondrial membrane changes. These channels release proteins and apoptotic factors such as cytochrome C into the cellular cytosol, and following this release, apoptosis occurs with the activation of caspase cascade. In this study, the cytotoxic concentration of aspirin, in addition to significantly increasing the expression of BAX apoptotic gene, unexpectedly increased Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic gene, but due to the very high ratio of BAX to Bcl-2, increased gene expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 was not able to counteract the high level of BAX expression and thus the process of induction of apoptosis has occurred in cervical cancer cells. The results of this study showed that aspirin increases the expression level of iNOS gene, which in turn plays a role in apoptosis induction in cervical cancer cells. Conclusively, lower concentrations of aspirin (and physio-pharmacological doses) do not have significant anticancer effects on cervical cancer cells. However, further experimental, clinical and epidemiological studies are required to determine the exact anticancer effects of aspirin on the cervical cancer cells.

Many studies have shown that antidepressants can have anticancer effects; however, the anti-cancer effects of the antidepressant amitriptyline on cervical cancer cells are unclear. Accordingly, the present study investigated the cytotoxic effects of amitriptyline on cervical cancer cells.

In this experimental-laboratory study, cervical cancer cells with SW480 cell line were divided into control (untreated) and groups treated with concentrations of 78.125, 156.25, 312.5, 625, 1250 and 2500 µg/ml of amitriptyline. Cells were measured by the MTT method 24 and 48 hours after treatment. Data was analyzed using one-way analysis of variance.

Cervical cancer cell survival significantly reduced after treatment at concentrations of 78.125, 156.25, 312.5, 625, 1250 and 2500 µg/ml after 24 and 48 hours (P<0.001). IC50 was 1742 and 928 for 24 and 48 hours, respectively.

The findings of this study indicate that amitriptyline has cytotoxic effects on cervical cancer cells. The results of this study can be considered in the field of cervical cancer treatment.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal cancers worldwide. It is the second leading cause of death in women after breast cancer.

The present study aimed to determine the cytotoxic effects of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles on colon cancer (SW480) viability and nitric oxide (NO) level in vitro.

In this experimental study, the values of 15.62, 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 µg/mL of ZnO nanoparticles were considered to treat SW480 cells for 24 hours. The MTT method was used to determine cell viability. The amount of NO was also measured using the grease method. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the data.

Treatment of SW480 cells with ZnO nanoparticles resulted in decreased viability in a dose-dependent pattern. NO concentration significantly increased in response to an effective dose of ZnO nanoparticles (108 µg/mL) compared to the control group (P < 0.001).

ZnO nanoparticles have cytotoxic effects on colon cancer cells. The cytotoxic effect of ZnO nanoparticles on colon cancer cells is partly mediated by NO in cancer cells.

Collagen scaffolds are one of the suitable scaffolds for stem cell loading, but the viability of fibroblast cells loaded on collagen scaffolds is one of the important issues. Therefore, the present study investigated the viability of fibroblasts loaded on collagen scaffold.

In this in vitro experimental study, human skin samples were obtained from neonates during circumcision surgery and bovine collagen was prepared. Fibroblast cells were counted using a hemocytometer after isolation from tissue fragments. Cell viability was evaluated using flow cytometry. Vimentin marker were used to identify fibroblast cells. Fibroblast cells were cultured on hydrogels. MTT method was used to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of hydrogels on cells. Data were analyzed using independent t-test.

The viability of fibroblast cells isolated from the foreskin was 89% on the first day after isolation. The results of immunocytochemical examination confirmed the identity of fibroblast cells. MTT results showed that collagen hydrogel had no significant toxicity on loaded fibroblasts. The results of fluorescent microscopy showed that the viability of cells loaded on hydrogel was 96%.

The results of this study showed that collagen scaffolds are suitable for loading fibroblast cells isolated from the foreskin and can be used in tissue engineering and transfer of fibroblast cells to damaged areas.

The studies have shown that sex steroids affected cancer cells at the cellular and molecular level. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-proliferation effects of testosterone on colorectal cancer (HCT) cell lines and caspase-3, -8 and -9 activity level.

In this laboratory-experimental study, cells were randomly divided into control group (no exposure to hormone) and groups exposed to 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 mg/ml of testosterone. The cytotoxic effect of the extract was measured using MTT assay method. Caspase-3, -8 and -9 activity level was evaluated by ELISA method. The data were statistically analyzed between groups using student’s t-test and ANOVA (Tukey).

0.1, 1 and 10 mg/ml of testosterone significantly reduced the viability of HCT cells compared to the control group (P

Induction of apoptosis is one of the main goals in the production of anticancer drugs. Recently, the evaluation of the association between nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and apoptosis in cancer cells has been promising. Caspase8, caspase9.

In this experimental-laboratory study, sw480 colorectal cancer cells were treated with different concentrations of oxaliplatin and diclofenac as well as a combination of diclofenac and oxaliplatin. MTT method was used to evaluate cell viability and median inhibition concentration (IC50) was obtained for each group. Real time PCR method was used to evaluate the expression of Caspase8 and caspase9 genes and finally to analyze the data. One-way analysis of variance and t-test were used

In oxaliplatin treatment with SW480 cells, concentrations of 25, 50, 100 and 200 μg / ml significantly reduced the viability of this category compared to the control (P <0.001). And median inhibition concentration of 65 μg / ml was calculated. In the treatment of cells with diclofenac, concentrations of 1000,500,250 μg / ml significantly reduced the viability of this category compared to controls (P <0.001), concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 μg / ml. Oxaliplatin in combination with 250 μg of diclofenac significantly reduced the viability of this class compared to the control (p <0.001) and the median inhibition concentration calculated with diclofenac equivalent to 32 μg / ml.Also, the combined treatment of diclofenac and Oxaliplatine led to a very significant increase in the expression of genes caspase8 and caspase9. (p <0.001) so that the expression of Caspase 8 gene increased about 3.7 times and Caspase9 expression increased about 1.8 times compared to the control in this experiment.

Diclofenac in combination with oxaliplatin can cause more cytotoxic effects compared to oxaliplatin alone in sw480 cancer cells. And if these two drugs are combined, a lower dose of oxaliplatin is needed to achieve this goal. The combination of diclofenac and oxaliplatin is associated with increased expression of caspase 8 and  caspase 9 genes, so it is important to investigate the possible use of diclofenac with oxaliplatin in the treatment of colon cancer.

Steroid hormones and many plant extracts can modulate pain response. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Portulaca oleracea seed hydroalcoholic extract on pain induced by tail flick test in male mice.

In this laboratory experimental study, 150 male mice were randomly divided to control and groups receiving low, moderate and high doses of Portulaca oleracea seed extract and of testosterone and groups receiving “testosterone + extract” of different doses. Following intraperitoneally administration of hormone and extract, pain threshold was measured using tail flick test and data were analyzed using ANOVA.

Increased pain threshold was observed 30 minutes and 1 hour after administration of moderate dose of extract .

The overall purpose of this study was to the effectiveness of motivational self-regulatory skills training on academic buoyancy, resilience, and academic engagement in junior high school students with low academic performance in the fifth district of Tabriz. The research method of the present study is quasi-experimental of pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population of this study includes all high school students in the first period of education in District 5 of Tabriz. Out of all schools in District 5 (47 schools), 19 schools had low academic performance, of which three schools (eighth grade) had the lowest average academic achievement and 25 students from each school (eighth grade) were randomly divided into two groups. Experiment and a control group were included. Measurement tools include academic buoyancy test, resilience test, and academic engagement test. The training package of motivational self-regulation skills was performed on the experimental group. Findings indicate that motivational self-regulatory skills training has an effect on academic buoyancy and academic engagement of junior high school students.

Diabetes is rising worldwide and impaired wound healing is one of its major complications. This study aimed to determine the effects of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on wound healing in diabetic rats.

In this experimental study, abdominal adipose tissue was obtained from 10 patients who underwent an abdominoplasty. MSCs were isolated from adipose tissue and characterized using flow cytometry. Streptozotocin was used to induce diabetes in 10 male rats. Full-thickness excision wounds were punched on the back of each rat by a punch biopsy (0.8 cm in diameter). Animals were divided into two groups: the control group (receiving normal saline) and the group treated with MSCs. After treatment, wound healing was evaluated by photographic methods on days 7, 14, and 21.  

The isolated cells from adipose tissue expressed specific positive markers of MSCs. Importantly,the wound area significantly decreased in MSCs treated group on days 7 (P<0.05) and 14 (P<0.01) compared with days 0 and 7, respectively. The wound area decreased significantly in control animals on day 7 compared to day 0 (P<0.01), however, it did not significantly change on day 14 compared with day 7. On day 21, wounds closed in control and treatment groups.

Spraying the human adipose tissue-derived MSCs causes faster skin wound healing and therefore, this method can be considered for diabetic wound healing.

Cell therapy is one of the most challenging methods in the healing of burn wounds in the world. The present study aimed to determine the effect of collagen hydrogel with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on burn wound healing in an animal model.

The present study was experimentally performed on 24 Wistar rats. Burn wounds were created on the skin of rats. Then, the rats were divided into a control group treated with normal saline and a group treated with collagen hydrogel with adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. The healing process of burn wounds was quantitatively and qualitatively evaluated at intervals of every seven days for 21 days. The obtained data were analyzed in the form of burn wound healing parameters using one-way ANOVA.

The wound area was traced on days 7, 14, and 21 in the treatment group which was significantly smaller than that in the control group, indicating a faster wound healing in the treatment group compared to the control one  (P>0/05).

Mesenchymal stem cells transferred by hydrogel to the wound site rapidly heal burn wounds; therefore, evaluating the use of this dressing in the healing of burn wounds is important in clinical cases.

Despite numerous studies on the biological properties and differentiability of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells, these studies are still ongoing in order to achieve new findings. Therefore, the present study investigates the biological properties of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells and their ability to differentiate into osteocyte and adipocyte.

In this experimental laboratory study, 30 whole placenta specimens were prepared from the mothers under cesarean section and kept under standardized conditions. The mesenchymal cells were isolated by enzymatic method and their morphological characteristics were examined by microscopy and absorption spectroscopy and their biological properties, in particular expression of CD markers, were determined by flow cytometry. Finally, mesenchymal stem cells were cultured in specific media in order to differentiate into osteocyte and adipocyte. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Morphological and physical examinations by microscope and absorption spectroscopy as well as presenting of CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105 markers and lacking of CD34 and CD45 markers demonstrated the mesenchymal entity of stem cells. Mesenchymal stem cells successfully differentiated into osteocyte and adipocyte.

Human cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into adult fat and bone cells. In this respect, the use of cord-derived mesenchymal cells could be of significant interest in cell therapy.

Although studies have shown that ibuprofen has anticancer effects on many cancer cells, the mechanism of the ibuprofen anticancer effect in cancer cells is not still well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cytotoxic concentration of ibuprofen on the expression level of MMP-9 and NM23 genes in cervical cancer cells.

During this experimental-laboratory study, cervical cancer (Hela) cell line was purchased from Pasteur Institute. The cells were divided into groups treated with 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 mg/ml of ibuprofen and control (untreated) group. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay and the expression level of MMP-9 and NM23 genes was evaluated using RT-PCR technique. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA.

1 and 10 mg / ml of ibuprofen significantly reduced cell viability in Hela cancer cells (P <0.05 and P <0.001, respectively). 1 mg / ml of ibuprofen had no significant effect on MMP-9 gene expression level, however, significantly decreased NM23 gene expression level (P <0.001).

Although lower concentrations of ibuprofen have no cytotoxic effects on cervical cancer cells, higher concentrations can reduce viability in cervical cancer cells. High concentration of ibuprofen did not affect the expression level of extracellular matrix degrading (MMP-9) gene, however, it may increase the metastatic potential of cervical cancer cells by reducing the expression level of NM23 anti-metastatic gene.

Although many studies have been performed concerning the effects of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on wound healing, the repairing effects of these cells are still controversial. In this context, the present study investigated the effect of spraying the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells suspension on diabetic wound healing and skin tissue collagen synthesis in an animal model.

In this experimental study, abdominal adipose tissue was obtained from patients referred for abdominoplasty. Mesenchymal cells were isolated from adipose tissue and identified by micoscoic examination and flow cytometry. Streptozotocin was used to induce diabetes in 10 male Wistar rats. Wounds with a diameter of 0.8 cm were created by a biopsy punch in the back of diabetic rats. Animals were divided into two groups: control (untreated) and treated with mesenchymal cell. After treatment, wound healing was assessed by photographic methods on days 7, 14 and 21 and the collagen synthesis was evaluated using Mason’s trichrome method.

Observational data showed that the wound healing rate was higher in the treatment group than control group. 21 days after treatment, the density of collagen fibers, the formation of tissue vessels and the collagen fibers arrangement had higher quality in the treatment group than the control group.

Spraying the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in diabetic wound area can increase the collagen synthesis in the wound area and accelerate the healing of the diabetic wound. According to which, the use of these cells can be considered in cell therapy of wounds.

Studies show that some plant extracts are effective in improving the lifespan of blood cells, although the mechanism of action is not clear in many cases. Accordingly, the present study investigated the effects of Pissum sativum L and Aloe vera extract on cell membrane stability in human red blood cells.

In this experimental laboratory study, blood samples were obtained from healthy individuals and blood samples were divided into control group (treated with normal saline) and 2, 4 and 6 mg/kg of sulfasalazine receiving groups. Samples treated with 2 mg/kg of sulfasalazine were treated with 2, 4 and 6 mg / kg of Pissum sativum L and Aloe vera extract and the erythrocyte membrane stability was calculated by standard methods. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance.

Sulfasalazine significantly reduced the stability of erythrocyte membrane compared to the control group. Treatment of samples with concentrations of 4 and 6 mg / kg Pissum sativum L extract significantly increased membrane stability compared to the groups treated with sulfasalazine. Treatment with 2 and 4 mg / kg of Aloe vera extract did not increase membrane stability and a 6 mg / kg of Aloe vera extract non-significantly increased the membrane stability.

Unlike Aloe vera, Pissum sativum L extract can increase membrane stability of red blood cells in healthy people.

One of the most well-known side effects of anticancer drugs is disruption of spermatogenesis, which in many cases causes infertility. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression change of Nrf-2 and Keap-1 genes due to peritoneal injection of busulfan in male Wistar rats.

In this study, 20 two-month-old adult male Wistar albino rats weighing approximately 200-150 g were studied in two groups: control group (healthy) and busulfan group. After this period, the testicular tissue of the mice was isolated and evaluated for the expression of Nrf-2 and Keap-1 genes, as well as changes in testosterone, FSH and LH. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and one way ANOVA statistical test.

Statistical analysis of the results showed that the expression of Nrf-2 and Keap-1 genes in the treatment group (busulfan) decreased compared to the control group, but this decrease was not statistically significant (0.2951 and P = 0.3528). LH and testosterone levels were not significantly different between the control and treated groups (0.1327 and P = 0.0809) but FSH levels were significant between the two groups (P = 0.0189).

The results of this study showed that busulfan can affect the level of FSH, which is effective in spermatogenesis, by causing changes in the expression of keap1 and Nrf-2 genes and cause infertility. Therefore, these genetic and hormonal factors can be used to predict infertility.

Despite a number of experimental studies, the healing effects of stem cells on chronic wounds still face serious challenges. The present study investigated the effect of injection of fibroblasts isolated from foreskin on the histological improvement of diabetic wounds in male rats. 24 male Wistar rats were divided into control and treatment groups during this experimental laboratory study.  Diabetes was induced in control and treatment groups using streptozotocin. Using a biopsy punch, a wound was created in the dorsal region of the animals Foreskin derived fibroblasts were injected into the dermis layer in the treatment group. On days 7, 14, and 21 after treatment, the wound healing was evaluated using morphologic observation, histological examination through hematoxylin- eosin staining, and measuring the wound size by Image j. On day 14 after treatment, the wound area was significantly smaller in the treated group than the control group (P<0.001). Histological examination showed that the skin thickness significantly increased in the treatment group on days 14 and 21 compared with control group (P<0.01). Besides, no morphologic complications were observed in the skin tissue following the injection of fibroblast cells. Our findings indicated that fibroblast cells are capable of accelerating the process of diabetic wound healing without morphologic complications in the skin tissue; according to which, the foreskin derived fibroblast cells can be used in the field of cell therapy.

Cell therapy is one of the most challenging methods in the world in repairing burn wounds. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of chitosan hydrogel containing adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on burn wound healing in an animal model.

This study was performed experimentally using 24 Wistar rats. Burn wounds were created on the skin of rats and the animals were divided into two groups (control treated with normal saline) and the group treated with Chitosan hydrogel containing adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. The healing process of burn wounds was evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively after treatment on days 7, 14 and 21 compared to the day 0. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance.

Concentration of 10% chitosan had no significant cytotoxic effect on mesenchymal stem cells and had proper consistency and clarity and SEM microscopy showed suitable porosity in chitosan. The expression of specific markers in mesenchymal stem cells and their potential for differentiation into adipocytes and bone cells confirmed the mesenchymal nature of the cells. Wound area on days 7, 14 and 21 in the chitosan-treated group containing mesenchymal cells was significantly smaller than the control group.

Mesenchymal stem cells transferred by chitosan to the wound site cause accelerated healing of burn wound and therefore, it is important to evaluate the use of this dressing in the healing of burn wounds in patients.

Many studies have shown the relationship between ultrasound and the function of the reproductive system. However, the mechanism of ultrasound waves action on sex hormones and testicular tissue is not perfectly clear. Accordingly, the present study investigated the effects of ultrasound waves on serum levels of DHEA-SO4, testosterone and testicular tissue in male rats.

Male wistar rats were divided into three groups: control group which was not exposed to ultrasound waves, rats that were exposed to ultrasound waves for 1h/day, and rats that were exposed to ultrasound waves for 6h/day. The serum levels of testosterone and DHEA-SO4 were measured using ELISA. The testicular tissue slides were prepared and analyzed microscopically.Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA.

Serum levels of testosterone and DHEA-SO4 and spermatogonia, spermatocytes, sertoli cell count and seminiferous tubules morphology did not significantly changed in groups exposed to ultrasound waves compared to control animals.

Our findings show that ultrasound waves do not significantly influence male reproductive system function and histology.

Fibroblastoma is a common skin malignancy and a common cause of morbidity worldwide. Studies have shown that sex steroid hormones including progesterone have cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. According to this, the present study aims to determine the effects of progesterone cytotoxic concentration on iNOs expression in fibroblastoma (L929) cells.

Cell viability was measured using MTT assay in cells exposed to 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/ml of progesterone, and IC50 dose was determined. NO concentration levels were also measured using the Griess test. The expression level of iNOS was measured by real-time RT-PCR. Data were analyzed using SPSS by one-way ANOVA.

Viability significantly decreased in fibroblastoma cells exposed to 1 and 10 mg/ml of progesterone (P<0.001). The relative expression level of iNOS significantly increased in cells exposed to IC50 dose of progesterone (P<0.001). The relative concentration of NO significantly increased in fibroblastoma cells exposed to 0.01, 0.1, and 1 mg/ml of progesterone (P<0.001, P<0.001, and P<0.05, respectively).

Progesterone has cytotoxic effects on fibroblastoma cancer cells due partly to the effects of the hormone on iNOS expression level and increased NO that probably induces apoptosis in fibroblastoma cancer cells.

Simvastatin is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme-A Reductase inhibitor widely used in lowering cholesterol levels.This study was aimed at assessing the effect of simvastatin on the activity of nitric oxide synthase in the vascular endothelial cell line HUVEC. MTT method was used to evaluate the effect of simvastatin on HUVEC vascular endothelial cell line. The effect of simvastatin on iNOS gene expression in HUVEC vascular endothelial cell line was investigated using real-time PCR technique. The effect of Simvastatin on the activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase was investigated using grease colorimetry. With increasing Simvastatin concentration, the survival of HUVEC vascular endothelial cells decreased compared to the control group (P≤0.05). In addition, the expression of INOS enzyme gene in the group receiving 55 µl/ml of simvastatin was significantly different and increased compared to the control group (P≤0.05). Simvastatin at concentrations higher than 125 µl/ml simvastatin was not significantly different from the control group. However, at lower concentrations (62, 31, and 16 µl/ml), a significant difference was observed and increased compared to the control group (P≤0.05). Considering the decrease in the level of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and its effects on human diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases, the use of simvastatin can be helpful in patients exposed to disease due to endothelial nitric oxide dysfunction..

The overall purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of motivational self-regulatory skills training and emotional-social skills training on academic buoyancy, resilience and academic engagement in junior high school students with low academic performance in the fifth district of Tabriz. The research method is quasi-experimental of pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population includes all high school students in the first period of education in District 5 of Tabriz. Of the total schools in District 5, 19 schools had low academic performance, of which three schools had the lowest average academic achievement and 25 students from each school were randomly divided into two groups. Experiments and a control group were included. Measurement tools include academic buoyancy test, resilience test, and academic engagement test. Two training packages of motivational self-regulation skills and emotional-social skills were performed on the two experimental groups. Findings indicate that motivational self-regulatory skills training have an effect on academic buoyancy and academic engagement of junior high school students. Emotional-social skills training has an impact on academic buoyancy, resilience and academic engagement of students.

Studies have shown that sex steroids affect the proliferation of cancer cells at cellular and molecular levels. The present study investigated the apoptotic effects of testosterone on lung cancer (A549) cells in cell culture medium. In this experimental-laboratory study, the cytotoxic effects of testosterone on Hek293 and A549 cells were assayed using MTT method. Real time PCR was used to evaluate the expression levels of Bax and Bcl2 genes in A549 cells exposed to IC50 dose of testosterone. The data were statistically analyzed between groups using one-way ANOVA. Exposure of Hek293 and A549 cells to higher dose of testosterone (1000 microg/ml) of testosterone resulted in significant decrease in cell viability (P<0.001). IC50 dose of testosterone significantly decreased the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 gene expression level (P<0.001) in A549 cells, however, did not significantly change the expression level of apoptotic Bax gene. The cytotoxic concentration of testosterone induces apoptosis in lung cancer cells by its inhibitory effect on anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 gene expression level. Accordingly, appropriate dose of testosterone has anti-cancer effects against lung cancer cells.

The number of patients suffering from diabetic ulcers has been increased in recent years and the current therapies have faced failure. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Wharton’s jelly stem cells (WJMSCs) on the diabetic wound in an animal mode.

During this laboratory experimental study carried out in Skin and Stem Cells Research Center from March 2021 to November 2021, WJMSCs were isolated and their differentiation capability to osteocytes and adipose cells was assessed using the colorimetric method, and the expression of specific markers was evaluated using flow cytometry. 12 male Wistar rats weighing 200 to 250 grams were purchased from the Pasteur Institute and kept in the animal room in standard condition. Streptozotocin was used to induce diabetes in male Wistar rats. Animals were divided to control (normal saline injection: n=6) and WJMSCs injection (n=6) groups. Wounds with 0.8 cm in diameter were made on the back of rats. After subdermal injection of normal saline and WJMSCs, wound healing was evaluated 7, 14 and 21 days using the photography method. Data were analyzed using a t-test and analysis of variance.

The results showed that the isolation process should be performed no later than a few hours after the cesarean section. Storing the sample for one day or more caused sample contamination leading to significant failure in cell proliferation and differentiation. WJMSCs were positive for specific mesenchymal stem cell markers (CD44, D73, CD90 and CD 105, and negative for CD45 and CD 34. They were capabale to differentiate into osteocytes and adipose cells and had a high viability rate (83.1%). Subdermal injection of WJMSCs in diabetic rats resulted in acceleration of diabetic wound healing compared with the control group.

Subdermal injection of WJMSCs can effectively accelerate diabetic wound healing. According to which, applying Wharton’s jelly stem cells can be considered in cell therapy particularly in the field of diabetic wound healing.