reza johari fard

Vitiligo is a common skin disorder characterized by the loss of skin pigment, which can significantly impact individuals' health-related quality of life (HRQoL), particularly in women. Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) and depressive symptoms are common psychological comorbidities associated with vitiligo.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between BDD, depressive symptoms, and HRQoL in women with vitiligo.

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Ahvaz, Iran, in 2023, involving a sample of 152 women with vitiligo. The study population included all women with vitiligo who presented to dermatology or cosmetic clinics in Ahvaz during that year. Data were collected using the MOS 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Pearson's correlation and regression analyses were used to assess the relationships between variables. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS-27 software.

Women with vitiligo had a mean health-related quality of life score of (58.13 ± 11.50). Their mean score on the body dysmorphic disorder assessment was (99.61 ± 37.33), and the mean depressive symptom score was (20.25 ± 4.47). Significant negative correlations were found between BDD and HRQoL, as well as between depressive symptoms and HRQoL, in women with vitiligo (P < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis showed that BDD and depressive symptoms independently predicted HRQoL (P < 0.001).

Body dysmorphic disorder and depressive symptoms are significantly associated with impaired HRQoL in women with vitiligo. Screening for and treating BDD and depressive symptoms may improve HRQoL in this population.

The present study examined the effectiveness of play therapy with the schema mode therapy approach on the impulse control and resilience of male students with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

This research was a quasi-experimental applied study with a p-retest-posttest-control group design with a one-month follow-up. The statistical population consisted of all 8-11-years elementary school male clients with AHDH in counseling and psychology centers in 2022. A total of 15 subjects were selected per group by purposeful sampling and randomly assigned into the experimental and control groups. Connors’ Parent-form questionnaire, the Dusseldorf Illustrated Schema Questionnaire for Children (DISC), Impulsive Behaviors Scale for Children, and Social-Emotional Assets and Resilience Scales (SEARS) were used for data collection. The experiential group underwent play therapy with a schema-mode therapy approach for ten 60-minute sessions.

The data were analyzed by repeated-measures multivariate analysis of variance. The results displayed that play therapy with a schema mode therapy approach improved impulse control and resilience in the post-test and maintained its influence in the follow-up phase, too. This implies the continued effectiveness of play therapy with the schema mode therapy approach.

Considering the results of the research, play therapy with a schema mode therapy approach enhances impulse control and resilience among students with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of Attachment-based family therapy on the tolerance of emotional distress, self-differentiation, and Alexithymia in female adolescents with psychosomatic disorders. Method This study is Type of experimental design design with pre-test and post-test along with the control group. The sample group of this research was teenagers aged 14 to 18 years old in Ahvaz city who were referred to counseling and psychotherapy centers of this city and had the criteria of psychosomatic disorders, 40 people were randomly selected and randomly selected in two groups of 20 people, experimental and control. Both groups were tested based on the Distress Tolerance Questionnaires of Simmons and Gaher (2005), Skowron and Friedlander (1998), and Bagbi et al (1994) Alexithymia. and then a ten-session protocol of attachment-based family therapy was presented to the experimental group, during this time, the control group did not receive any training. With the post-test control, according to the average distress tolerance, self-differentiation, and Alexithymia, the attachment-based family therapy method has reduced the amount of these variables, and there was no change in the control group Based on this, it can be concluded that the attachment-based family therapy intervention reduces  Negative emotions emotional distress and Alexithymia, as well as increased psychological abilities such as self-differentiation.

Deficits in social skills and daily interactions among children with autism spectrum disorder justify the emergence of challenging behaviors of them. These children require interventions to address these deficits. One method that may be effective in modifying the challenging behaviors of these children is the Dohsa-Hou psychological rehabilitation method. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the impact of Dohsa-Hou psychological rehabilitation therapy on the challenging behaviors of children with autism in Urmia city.

This semi-experimental study utilized a pre-test-post-test design. Using convenience sampling, 30 children aged 8 to 12 years with autism from psychological and rehabilitation centers in Urmia city were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomly assigned to intervention (Dohsa-Hou psychological rehabilitation therapy) and control groups. The measurement tool for this study was the revised Challenging Behavior Scale by Budfish et al. The intervention group underwent Dohsa-Hou psychological rehabilitation techniques over 12 sessions of 55 minutes each, while the control group did not receive any training during this period. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics with SPSS version 18 at a significance level of 0.05.

The results indicated that Dohsa-Hou psychological rehabilitation therapy had a statistically significant effect on challenging behaviors and all its dimensions (stereotypical behavior, self-injurious behavior, obsessive behavior, ritualistic behavior, sameness behavior, and restricted behavior) in children with autism, both in the post-test and follow-up assessments (P < 0.05).

The findings suggest the effectiveness of Dohsa-Hou psychological rehabilitation therapy on the challenging behaviors of children with autism. Therefore, this method can be utilized to reduce behavioral and communication problems in children on the autism spectrum.

Children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder often have problems in emotional regulation, behavioral symptoms, and academic performance, and face rejection by peers and social isolation. However, the defect in the social functions of these children is still doubtful. The purpose of this research was the effectiveness of parenting education based on therapy-schema on regulation-excitement, children's behavioral symptoms and academic performance in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Amol city.

The present study was a semi-experimental design of pre-test-post-test and follow-up with control group. The statistical population of the current research included all primary school children aged 7 to 11 years with ADHD along with their mothers in Amol city in 2019-2020, and 30 people from this population were selected purposefully and randomly. In the experimental group of parenting training based on schema therapy (15 people) and the control group (15 people) were replaced. The sample subjects completed the questionnaires of Garenfsky's emotion regulation (Garnefsky et al., 2001), children's behavioral symptoms (Connors, 1999) and academic performance (Pham and Taylor, 1990). To analyze the data, multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance, Benferoni's follow-up test were used in SPSS-24 software.

The results showed that the parenting education based on therapeutic schema improved emotion regulation methods, academic performance and reduced behavioral symptoms in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Considering the effectiveness of parenting training based on therapeutic schema on emotion regulation, behavioral symptoms and academic performance, psychologists and counselors of psychotherapy and counseling service centers can use these approaches to reduce hyperactive disorder. Use attention deficit disorder.

This research aims to compare the effects of solution focused kids' skill method and psychodrama on the social skills of mentally retarded male students.

This research is a semi-experimental type with pre-test-post-test-follow-up and control group, and the target statistical population was selected through targeted sampling available among children aged 9-12 years who referred to Omid exceptional school in the period of 1401-02 located in the city of Sari. The sample of the present study was 45 mentally retarded children who were randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group. The first experimental group underwent solution focused kids' skill method in 8 sessions of 60 minutes, two sessions a week with a solution focused kids' skill method protocol, and the second experimental group underwent psychodrama training in 10 sessions of 90 minutes twice a week, while the group was not given a training certificate in that period of time. The tools used in this research are Gresham and Elliott's social skills questionnaire. The data has been analyzed using covariance using spss-26 software.

The results showed that the solution focused kids' skill method and psychodrama have a significant effect on the social skills of mentally retarded male students, and the solution focused kids' skill method is more effective compared to the psychodrama approach.

The solution focused kids' skill method and psychodrama is a practical and effective method for increasing social skills, and the solution focused kids' skill method is more effective compared to psychodrama

Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) frequently struggle with emotional regulation, behavioral issues, and academic performance, leading to peer rejection and social isolation.

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on emotion regulation, behavioral symptoms, and academic performance of children with ADHD.

A quasi-experimental study was conducted using a pretest-posttest design. The study population consisted of all primary school students with ADHD aged 7 - 11, as well as their mothers, in Amol in 2021. A purposive sample of 30 individuals was selected for the study. Participants were assigned to either the ACT training group (n = 15) or the control group (n = 15) through a simple random allocation. The participants in the study filled out questionnaires on emotion regulation, children's behavioral symptoms, and academic performance. The data was analyzed using an analysis of covariance.

In the pretest phase, the scores for adaptive emotion regulation strategies, maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, behavioral symptoms, and academic performance were 43.07 ± 6.05, 65.13 ± 9.27, 91.20 ± 12.58, and 128.47 ± 29.84, respectively; whereas in the posttest phase, they were 61.20 ± 8.01, 52.00 ± 6.00, 67.13 ± 12.73, and 159.73 ± 21.11, respectively. Acceptance and commitment therapy resulted in enhanced emotion regulation strategies and academic performance, as well as a decrease in behavioral symptoms in children with ADHD (P < 0.001).

Given the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy training in emotion regulation, behavioral symptoms, and academic performance, this approach may be employed by counselors and psychologists at counseling and psychotherapy centers to help remedy ADHD.

Intensive maternal parenting, while intended to foster academic achievement, has been linked to increased stress and anxiety in children. The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of maternal mental health in the correlation between intensive maternal attitudes and cognitive abilities in female students applying for the gifted exam. The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional approach that incorporated the use of structural equation modeling (SEM) techniques. The target population comprised all female students applying for the ninth-grade gifted exam in Tehran, Iran during 2023, along with their mothers. A convenience sample of 301 student-mother dyads participated in the study by completing a battery of self-report questionnaires. These instruments included Cognitive Abilities Questionnaire (CAQ), Intensive Parenting Attitudes Questionnaire (IPAQ), and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). The hypothesized model was evaluated using SEM, and bootstrapping was employed to assess the significance of indirect correlations. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 27 and Amos version 25. The findings indicated a negative correlation between intensive maternal attitudes and students’ cognitive capabilities (P=0.020). There was also a significant negative correlation between intensive maternal attitudes and mothers’ mental health (P=0.001). The correlation between mothers’ mental health and girls’ cognitive abilities was positive and significant (P=0.001). The correlation between intensive maternal attitudes and students’ cognitive abilities was significant through the mediating role of mental health (P=0.005). Intensive maternal parenting practices were associated with decreased cognitive abilities in students and poorer mental health in mothers. The negative effect of intensive maternal attitudes on cognitive abilities appears to be indirectly mediated by mothers’ mental health.

There are many important cognitive issues in patients suffering from epilepsy, including executive functions disorder such as cognitive flexibility and response inhibition. The purpose of this research is to study the effectiveness of the computer-based cognitive rehabilitation program on cognitive flexibility and response inhibition in children with epilepsy.

This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design with the control group. The statistical society of this research includes all children with epilepsy referred to the Neurology Clinic of Mofid Hospital in Tehran in 2021, in which 30 children were selected by convenient sampling method and allocated to the experimental and control groups randomly (15 in each group). The experimental group was received 12 sessions the computer-based cognitive rehabilitation program and the control group didn’t receive any intervention. The data-gathering methods were the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (1948) and the Stroop Test (1935). The results were analyzed by SPSS20 and multivariable covariance test.

The results showed that the computer-based cognitive rehabilitation program improves cognitive flexibility (p<0.001) and response inhibition (p<0.001) of children with epilepsy.

Computer-based cognitive rehabilitation program is an effective method for executive functions, which improves cognitive flexibility and response inhibition in children with epilepsy. Consequently, it can be used as a replacement or complement method for common interferences in such children.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between stressful maternal attitudes and emotional intelligence in female students applying to participate in the 9th grade gifted test through the parent-child relationship.

The descriptive research method was structural equations type. The statistical population of the research included all female students who applied to participate in the 9th grade gifted test in Tehran along with their mothers. For this purpose, 301 students and their mothers were selected as samples by voluntary sampling method, and emotional intelligence questionnaires of Petrides et al. They were given the high-pressure maternal attitudes of Ghasempour et al. and the parent-child relationship of Fine et al. The evaluation of the proposed model was done using the method of structural equations. Bootstrap test was used to test indirect relationships.

The results showed that there is a significant relationship between all direct paths. The relationship between the indirect path was also significant through the parent-child relationship with emotional intelligence.

Based on the results of this research, the final model has a good fit and is considered an important step in the direction of knowing the effective factors in increasing the emotional intelligence of gifted students

The aim of this study was the Prediction of academic Engagement and academic burnout based on perfectionism and academic support in secondary school students. The present study is a correlational descriptive study The study community included all Secondary high school students of Gachsaran city in 2020-2021, from which 240 students were selected using cluster sampling. Research questionnaires included: the Hill Perfectionism Questionnaire (PI, 2004), Sands & Plunkett academic Support scale (ASS, 2005), the Fredricks School Engagement Scale (SES, 2004), and the Bresó school burnout inventory (SBI, 1997). The data of this study were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis in SPSS22 software. The results showed that perfectionism has a negative and significant relationship with academic Engagement (p <0.05) and a positive and significant relationship with academic burnout (p <0.01). Also, there is a positive and significant correlation between academic support and academic Engagement (p <0.05). However, no significant relationship was observed between academic support and academic burnout. The regression results showed that the predictor variables could predict 6.1% of the changes in academic burnout and 3.5% of the changes in the academic Engagement variable. According to the results of the present study, it can be said that if the score of perfectionism in students becomes high, we will most likely see a decrease in academic engagement, and the occurrence of academic burnout by this relationship can change under the influence of students' perceived academic support.

Vitiligo, a chronic depigmentary dermatosis, significantly compromises health-related quality of life (HRQoL), especially among women. Treatment adherence and depression are two important factors that can influence HRQoL in these patients. This study aimed to investigate the association between treatment adherence, depression, and HRQoL in women with vitiligo. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 152 women with vitiligo who were selected using convenient sampling method from a dermatology clinic in Ahvaz, Iran, in 2023. The study employed the MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), Treatment Adherence Questionnaire (TAQ), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) to collect data. Pearson correlation coefficients assessed the relationships between variables, while stepwise regression analysis explored the independent contributions of these factors to the outcome variables. Our results showed mean scores (SD) of 58.13 (11.50) for HRQoL, 49.70 (8.82) for treatment adherence, and 20.25 (4.47) for depression. Significant positive and negative correlations were observed between treatment adherence and HRQoL (r=0.44, P<0.001) and depression and HRQoL (r=-0.36, P<0.001), respectively. Furthermore, regression analysis confirmed that both treatment adherence (β=0.51, P<0.001) and depression (β=-0.57, P<0.001) were significantly associated with HRQoL in women with vitiligo. These results highlighted the importance of treatment adherence as a key factor influencing HRQoL in women with vitiligo. Additionally, the study underscores the negative impact of depression on HRQoL, suggesting the potential benefit of addressing both treatment adherence and depression in clinical management strategies to optimize HRQoL for women with vitiligo.

The aim of this study was to investigate the Mediating Role of Academic Burnout in the Relationship between Academic Engagement and Perfectionism with Academic Procrastination.

The present study is a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population of this study was all Secondary high school students of Gachsaran city in the academic year 2020-2021, from which 240 students were selected using cluster sampling. Data were collected using the Perfectionism Questionnaire of Hill et al. (2004), the Fredricks, Blumfeld & Paris (2004) School engagement Scale, the Breso et al (1997) school burnout inventory and Solomon & Rothbhum Academic Procrastination Scale (1984). The data of this study were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis in SPSS22 and Amos23 software.

The results showed that perfectionism direct, indirect and total effect on academic procrastination is a positive and significant. On the other hand, despite the lack of significant direct effect on academic procrastination, academic engagement indirect and total affects on academic procrastination is negative and significant. In addition, academic burnout has a positive and significant effect on academic procrastination.

According to the results of the present study, it can be concluded that academic burnout plays a complete mediating role in the relationship between the variables of academic engagement and perfectionism with academic procrastination and the research model has a good fit.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of play therapy with an attachment approach on self-regulation and resilience of male students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

In terms of the purpose of this research, it is an applied research, which is a semi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test and a control group and a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the present study consists of all the 9-11-year-old male students of the elementary school who referred to counseling and psychology centers due to symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in the academic year of 1401-1402.To select the research sample, 20 people were selected for each group in the form of a purposive random sample and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups.In order to collect information, Connors Parent Form Questionnaire, Self-Regulatory Learning Leaders Questionnaire, and Social-Emotional Capabilities and Resilience Scale were used.The experimental group underwent play therapy with an attachment approach (10 sessions of 60 minutes).

Data analysis was done using the statistical test of univariate analysis of covariance.The results showed that play therapy with an attachment approach leads to the improvement of self-regulation and resilience in the post-test phase And this effect in the follow-up phase also led to the improvement of self-regulation and resilience, which shows the continued effectiveness of play therapy with an attachment approach.

According to the results of the research, the implementation of play therapy with an attachment approach for students with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder can increase their self-regulation and resilience.

Substance abuse disorders are associated with serious medical and psychiatric problems. Besides the undesirable side effects following drug-assisted treatment in drug abusers, sudden discontinuation of drug use can cause unpleasant symptoms. This study investigated the impact of reality therapy (RT) on drug cravings and mental health among clients of therapeutic community (TC) centers in Ahvaz City, Iran, in 2022.

This quasi-experimental study adopted a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The study population consisted of all clients of TC centers of Ahvaz in 2022. Of whom 40 clients were selected as the sample using convenience sampling. In the next step, they were randomly assigned into the experimental and control groups (20 subjects in each group). The data were collected by using the desires for drug questionnaire (DDQ) and the general health questionnaire 28 (GHQ-28). The subjects in the experimental group attended eight 90-minute sessions of RT, whereas those in the control group received no intervention. The obtained data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. The significance level of all tests was considered to be ≤0.05.

RT significantly affected drug cravings and mental health of the clients of TC centers (P<0.001).

Based on the study findings, RT is recommended for reducing drug cravings and improving mental health of people undergoing drug rehabilitation.

The present research has been carried out in order to influence psychodrama training on social skill, compromising behavior and empathy of mentally retarded male students.

This research is a semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The target statistical population is 30 educable mentally retarded male students who were selected through available sampling among mentally retarded students with an age range of 9 to 12 years who studied at Omid Exceptional School in the period of 1401-02 located in the city of Sari and They were randomly assigned to two experimental (15 people) and control (15 people) groups. The experimental group received psychodrama training in 10 90-minute sessions twice a week, while the control group was not given any training in that period of time. The tools used in this research are Gresham and Elliott's social skill questionnaire, Limbert's adaptive behavior and Ayong et al.'s empathy. The data has been analyzed using covariance and Welch analysis using spss-26 software.

The results showed that there is a significant difference between the social skills, behavior adjustment of the experimental and control groups, but there was no such significance for empathy.

psychodrama training is a practical and effective way to increase social skills, adaptive behavior, and for more efficiency of this approach on the empathy skills of mentally retarded male students, it is better to add it to the number of training sessions.

Women diagnosed with breast cancer experience high levels of psychological disorders ranging from depression, anxiety, maladjustment to the disease, and decreased self-confidence to different emotional disturbances and fears of recurrence and mortality. The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of cancer self-efficacy in the association between health literacy and social support with health-promoting behaviors in women with breast cancer.

In this descriptive-correlational study, the purposive sampling method was employed to select 282 women diagnosed with breast cancer in Ahvaz, Khuzestan Province (Iran) in 2021.The participants were asked to answer the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II), Iranian Health Literacy Questionnaire, Social Support Survey, and Cancer Behavior Inventory.Descriptive statistics and structural equation modellingwere used to analyze the data in SPSS v27.0 and AMOS v25.0 software.

The results revealed that there was a significant association between perceived social support with health-promoting behaviors (β=0.17, P=0.004) and cancer self-efficacy (β=0.37, P=0.001) in women with breast cancer. There was a significant association between health literacy and cancer self-efficacy in women (β=0.31, P=0.004). According to the results, the mediating role of cancer self-efficacy in the association between perceived social support and health literacy with health-promoting behaviors was found to be significant in women with breast cancer (P=0.001). In the final model, CFI and RMSEA were found to be0.97 and 0.061, respectively.

Accordingly, the research model had a desirable fit. The findings of this research showed the effective role of cancer self-efficacy in the outcome of social support and health literacy to increase health-promoting behaviors in women with breast cancer.Therapists and counselors are also recommended to use a variety of methods for improving patients' self-efficacy and social support.

 There are important cognitive issues in patients with epilepsy, which can be referred to as impairment in executive functions such as attention.

 This research aims to compare the effectiveness of computer-based cognitive rehabilitation programs and task-oriented cognitive rehabilitation programs on attention in children with epilepsy in Tehran.

 The present research was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the study included all children with epilepsy who were referred to the neurology clinic of Mofid Children's Hospital in 2021. Using the purposeful sampling method, 45 eligible children were included in the study and were randomly divided into 2 experimental groups and 1 control group (15 people in each group). The Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test (IVA2) of Sohlberg and Mateer (2001) was used for data collection. The experimental groups underwent the intervention of the computerized cognitive rehabilitation program of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test (1980) (12 sessions of 45 minutes) and the task-oriented cognitive rehabilitation program (12 sessions of 45 minutes). The control group did not receive any intervention. SPSS 20 software was used for data analysis. Univariate covariance analysis (ANCOVA) was performed using a significance level of 0.05.

 The results demonstrated that both computer-based cognitive rehabilitation programs and task-based cognitive rehabilitation were effective in increasing the attention of epileptic children in Tehran (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the effectiveness of computer-based cognitive rehabilitation programs and task-based cognitive rehabilitation in increasing the attention of epileptic children (P = 0.67).

 It can be concluded that computer-based and task-oriented cognitive rehabilitation programs can be used to increase attention and executive functions in children with epilepsy.

Women diagnosed with breast cancer may be more inclined to take preventive measures if they believe they have control over their health. This study explored the mediating influence of cancer self-efficacy in the association between health locus of control (HLC) and health-promoting behaviors in women with breast cancer.

In this descriptive-correlational study, a purposive sampling method was employed to select 282 women diagnosed with breast cancer in Ahvaz, Iran, between November 2021 and June 2022. Participants were requested to complete the Health- Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II), Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale (MHLC), and Cancer Behavior Inventory (CBI). The data was then analyzed using path analysis conducted with SPSS Amos version 25.

The results indicated a significant correlation between cancer self-efficacy and health-promoting behaviors among women with breast cancer (P=0.001). A significant correlation was also between health-promoting behaviors and HLC in women (P=0.001). According to the results, the mediating role of cancer self-efficacy in the relationship between HLC and healthpromoting behaviors was significant in women with breast cancer (P=0.001).

Consequently, the research model exhibited a satisfactory fit. This study’s findings highlighted the influence of cancer self-efficacy in facilitating the impact of HLC on enhancing health-promoting behaviors in women with breast cancer.

Learning disabilities are problems that negatively affect an individual's education and education-related skills such as reading, writing, arithmetic, and others because of having different perceptions of what they see. Parents may wonder what his future will be like despite this problem. Various factors affect the family function of parents with learning disabilities; one of the factors is controlling negative thinking. This study aimed to predict family functioning based on the control of negative thinking and parental stress with the mediating role of sexual satisfaction.

Method:

In this correlational study, 212 Parents of children with learning disorders in Tehran were selected through the purposive sampling method. For each parameter calculated, at least 10 participants are required to test the model. In this study, the Family functioning of McMaster (1983), and the Control of negative thinking of Wales & Davis (1994) include subscales that measure individual differences in controlling annoying thoughts. Strategies for controlling thinking are distraction, worry, social strategies, self-discipline, and re-evaluating thinking are used, Also Parenting Stress Questionnaire of Abidin (1992), which includes items covering adaptability, child domain, mood, attachment, acceptance, extravagance, reinforcement, inattention / over-action, relationship with spouse, parent domain, depression, sense of competence, role constraints, parental health, isolation It is life… and finally Sexual satisfaction of Hadson, et al. (1981) was used for data collection in this study which assesses couples' satisfaction levels. The proposed model was evaluated using a structural equation method. 

Results:

There is a significant relationship between control of negative thinking with family functioning (p<0.01), sexual satisfaction with family functioning (p<0.01), control of negative thinking with sexual satisfaction (p<0.01), spiritual well-being with sexual satisfaction (p<0.01), but there was a significant relationship between parental stress with family functioning (p>0.05). Also, indirect pathways were significant control of negative thinking with family functioning with mediating role of sexual satisfaction (p<0.01), parental stress with family functioning with mediating role of sexual satisfaction (p<0.01).

Discussion:

The results indicate that there are high levels of conflict and low levels of cohesion in families with children with learning disabilities. It is natural to expect these families to be affected by the symptoms of the child disorder and for parental problems to increase in these families. When parents can acquire these skills, they can be aware of problems and stresses and find appropriate solutions, thus reducing stress in their relationship with the child as well as marital relationships, and improving sexual satisfaction as well as family functioning. Find. Thus, it can be said that sexual satisfaction plays a mediating role in the relationship between controlling negative thinking and parenting stress with family functioning. The statistical population of this study was limited & through questionnaires, which makes the generalization of the results and bias issue with caution. Therefore, it is suggested that more research be done on other samples to generalize the results. And also holding workshops, to strengthen the control of negative thinking and reduce parental stress, it is possible to increase sexual satisfaction in them and increase family functioning.

Epilepsy can impact cognitive ability in children. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of task-oriented cognitive rehabilitation programs and computer-based cognitive rehabilitation programs on cognitive flexibility in children suffering from epilepsy.

This study was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the study included all children with epilepsy who were referred to the neurology clinic of Mofid Children's Hospital, Tehran in 2021. Using the purposeful sampling method, 45 eligible children were included in the study and were randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group (15 people in each group). In order to collect data, the Wisconsin cards test from Grant and Berg (1948) was used.

The results showed that both task-oriented cognitive rehabilitation programs and computer-based cognitive rehabilitation programs significantly increased cognitive flexibility in children with epilepsy compared with the control group. There was no significant difference in the computer-based cognitive section on the increase of cognitive flexibility in children with epilepsy.

Task-based cognitive rehabilitation programs and computer-based cognitive rehabilitation programs can be a useful approach to increase the cognitive flexibility of children with epilepsy.

Many substance abusers suffer uncontrollable symptoms of extreme stress and cannot regulate their emotions after a traumatic experience.

This study hence investigated the effects of mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) therapy on drug craving and emotion regulation of therapeutic community (TC) center clients.

This quasi-experimental research adopted a pretest-posttest control group design. The statistical population included all stimulant-related (methamphetamine) visitors to treatment centers (TCs) of Khuzestan Province (Iran) in 2022. The convenience sampling method was employed to select 40 participants, who were assigned to an experimental group and a control group (20 members per group). The experimental group received MBRP therapy (eight 90-minute sessions), whereas the control group received no interventions and remained on the waiting list. The data were collected by using the Desires for Drug Questionnaire (DDQ) and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. The ANCOVA was used for data analysis in SPSS-26.

The mean and standard deviation (± SD) of the drug cravings and emotion regulation for the MBRP group in the posttest were 46.85 ± 4.47 and 27.50 ± 2.72, respectively; while in the control group, the means were 69.30 ± 7.25 and 29.60 ± 2.16, respectively. MBRP had a significant effect on drug cravings and emotion regulation in clients of TC centers (P < 0.001). According to the results, MBRP effectively reduced drug cravings and improved the emotion regulation of participants in the experimental group.

According to the findings, MBRP improved drug cravings and emotion regulation. Hence, MBRP can be adopted to help mitigate drug cravings and enhance the emotion regulation of patients in rehabilitation.

Lack of satisfying sexual relations weakens marital relationships. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between controlling negative thoughts and parenting stress with the marital satisfaction of parents of children with learning disabilities as influenced by the mediating role of sexual satisfaction.

The statistical population of this descriptive correlational study covered all parents of children with learning disabilities in Tehran in 2020, 212 of whom were selected as the statistical sample using convenience sampling based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research instruments included the Marital Satisfaction Scale, the Thought Control Questionnaire, the Parenting Stress Questionnaire, and the Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics including mean and standard deviation as well as Pearson's correlation coefficient were used for data analysis. The proposed model was evaluated using structural equation modeling (SEM) via SPSS-25 and AMOS-25 software.

The results showed that the correlations between marital satisfaction and controlling negative thoughts (r = 0.33), parenting stress (r = -0.40), and sexual satisfaction (r = 0.049) were significant (P < 0.01). In addition, the correlations between sexual satisfaction and controlling negative thoughts (r = 0.60) and parenting stress (r = -0.39) were also significant (P < 0.01). The relationship between the indirect path of controlling negative thoughts with marital satisfaction via the mediating role of sexual satisfaction was significant (β = 0.32, P = 0.010). Moreover, sexual satisfaction had a mediating role in the relationships between parenting stress and marital satisfaction in the parents (β = -0.08, P = 0.044). The results indicated a good fit of the model (IFI = 0.98, CFI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.071).

The results suggest that the proposed model had a good fit and could be considered an important step toward identifying the factors influencing the marital satisfaction of parents having children with learning disabilities.

The aim of this study was to present a structural model to explain grandiose narcissism and vulnerable narcissism in men and women based on objectified body consciousness and psychological capitals with mediating role of self-esteem.

The present study was a correctional-discriptive based on a structural equation model. The statistical population of this study included all men and women over 18 years of age in Ahvaz and 309 of them were randomly selected and tested by available sampling method through social networks. Instruments which were used to collect data were demographic questionnaire, Pathological Narcissism Inventory (PNI), Objectified Body Consciousness Scale (OBC), Luthans Psychological Capital Scale (LPCS) and Rosenburg Self-esteem Inventory (RSES). Data analysis was performed using SPSS 24 and Amos 24.

Ethical Considerations:

In the present study, ethical principles such as confidentiality of information were observed and there was no possible harm to the subjects.

Results revealed that there was a significant relationship between Objectified Body consciousness with Grandiose Narcissism and Volnerable Narcissism in women. The results of these variables in men were not significant. Objectified body consciousness and psychological capitals with self-esteem was significant for both men and women. Furthermore, Psychological capitals with grandiose narcissism and vulnerable narcissism was significant in men; in women, Psychological capitals only were significant with vulnerable narcissism (p<0. 01). Among indirect path, Self-esteem could significantly play a mediating role for Objectified body consciousness and psychologicalcapitals with grandiose narcissism and vulnerable narcissism in men. In women, the only significant indirectpath was between self-esteem with vulnerable narcissism.

Gender significantly moderated the causal effect of self-esteem on vulnerable narcissism, so that self-esteem in men has a stronger causal effect on vulnerable narcissism. These results can be used by clinical psychotherapists and psychiatrists in therapy with clients who suffer from narcissist personality disorder and related disorders to body image. As regards self-objectification can be led to narcissism and lower levels of self-esteemin individuals, therefore it is recommended that Psychologists and health experts care more about variables which were mentioned.

 Given the negative effects of procrastination on various aspects of student’s academic and personal lives, as well as the role of psychological and environmental variables in various academic problems, this study investigated the mediating role of academic burnout in the relationship between academic support and attitude towards a future career with academic procrastination in high school students.

 The statistical population in this descriptive correlational study consisted of all male senior high school students in Gachsaran County, Iran, in the academic year 2021 - 2022, of whom 234 were selected as the study sample using cluster sampling. Data collection was done using the Attitude to Future Career Questionnaire, Academic Support Scale, Academic Procrastination Scale, and School Burnout Inventory. The data were analyzed statistically using the Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis in SPSS-22 and AMOS.

 The results showed that the direct effect of academic support on academic procrastination was statistically significant (P < 0.001). In addition, the direct effect of attitude toward the future career on academic procrastination was not significant, but its indirect effect on academic procrastination was (P < 0.001). The results also indicated the significant direct effect of attitude toward the future career on academic burnout (P < 0.001), whereas there was no significant relationship between academic support and academic burnout.

 The study findings demonstrated that academic burnout could mediate the relationship between attitude toward a future career and academic procrastination. Moreover, the research model fitted the data well. Therefore, researchers, school counselors, and child and adolescent psychologists are recommended to pay special attention to the factors affecting academic burnout when developing educational and therapeutic interventions aimed at reducing academic procrastination among students.