reza nikbakhsh

Often, organizations, managers and employees tend to be accountable only in cases where they have problems, this has added to the problems of the organization, especially sports organizations, so the purpose of this study is to understand the consequences of managers' accountability in Sports organizations use grounded theory. The method of this qualitative research is the data theory of the foundation and the approach was the systematic approach of Strauss and Corbin. The participants in the research were scientific and executive experts of sports in the country, and 12 of them were interviewed in depth through snowball sampling method based on theoretical saturation. Three overlapping processes of open coding, axial coding and selective coding were used to analyze the data. Findings can be followed under the influence of causal, contextual and interventionist conditions of accountability from both administrative and non-administrative aspects. In contrast, macro-level and micro-level strategies are considered, which result in transparency and ambiguity, performance improvement, increased trust, persuasion, prevention of misuse and waste of resources, increased empathy. , Empowering managers and the effectiveness of actions emerge.

The existence of a large number of studies on exercise and physical activities of the elderly, whose results are somewhat contradictory, has made planning and policy-making for this area difficult. It is necessary to combine and integrate the results of these studies. Therefore, the current study aims to conduct a meta-analysis of the studies on factors affecting exercise and physical activity of the elderly in Iran.

This is a meta-analysis and systematic review study of descriptive studies (survey or correlational) conducted in Iran assessing the factors affecting the exercise and physical activity of older adults in Iran from 2011 to 2021, and were available through searching in the databases. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 articles were finally selected for the review. To analyze the studies, the effect size for each study, the mixed effect size with two fixed and random effects models, funnel plot, sensitivity analysis, homogeneity test, I2 statistic and the failsafe statistic (FS-N) were used. The type of effect size index was the r index, which was calculated in CMA software, version 2.

The mixed effect size was r=0.528 for the random-effects model and r=0.532 for the fixed-effects model. Among 73 effect sizes, 15 had small sizes, 37 had moderate sizes, and 21 had big sizes. It was found that sociocultural factors had the biggest effect sizes (r=0.622) followed by individual factors (r=0.591), motivation (r=0.573), environmental factors (r=0.572), economic factors (r=0.478), and interpersonal factors (r=0.431).

Exercise and physical activity of the elderly in Iran is influenced by several factors and simply emphasizing a specific factor cannot help increase their activities. However, it is recommended to consider sociocultural, individual, motivational, environmental, economic, and interpersonal factors more than other factors that affect exercise and physical activity of the elderly.

Emerging sports, due to their increasing attractiveness among various age groups in society, are considered a novel path for enhancing physical activities within communities. The aim of this research is to design a model for the development of emerging sports with a perspective on the development of mass sports. Given the dimensions and type of research, the methodology was conducted with a mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative). In the qualitative section, the research strategy was exploratory and carried out using grounded theory methodology. In the quantitative section, the ANP method was used to prioritize factors. To extract factors, interviews were conducted with 13 experts selected based on purposive sampling method and theoretical saturation. Accordingly, four categories were presented: design of processes and infrastructures, characteristics of emerging sports, facilitators, and barriers to the development of emerging sports. Based on prioritization, operational infrastructures with a weight of 0.247 ranked first, management infrastructures with a weight of 0.212 in second priority, sports organizations as facilitators in third priority with a weight of 0.169, structural characteristics with a weight of 0.094 in fourth priority, performance characteristics with a weight of 0.080 in fifth priority, community as a facilitator with a weight of 0.074 in sixth priority, barriers in organizations with a weight of 0.063 in seventh priority, and barriers at the community level with a weight of 0.057 in eighth priority. Considering the findings of the research, it is suggested that the presented factors be utilized in the General Sports Federation for the development of emerging sports.

Electronic business is one of the main tools which has revolutionized and renovated the field of commerce and economy. The present research has been accomplished to identify the elements influencing development of sport business structural patterns with e-commerce approach. The present research, by purpose, is applied and in regard to data gathering is analytic descriptive. The statistical population of research include e specialists and experts acquainted with research in the field of sport business and entrepreneurship who responded the researcher-made questionnaire. Based on the number of questionnaire factors (7), at least 20 samples were estimated for each component as sample volume of research statistical sample. 220 questionnaires were distributed and 198 questionnaires were evaluated. Sampling was accomplished as stratified random sampling, so that all classified groups related to statistical population may have enough number of representatives in the sample. In order to gather data required for present research, researcher made questionnaire was used to study factors influencing sport businesses with focus on e-commerce. In data analysis section, descriptive and inferential statistics (exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis test for assessing questionnaire construct validity, T-test to study status-quo (the existing status), Cronbach alpha test to assess reliability, Friedman test to rank presentation of a rank- based pattern) were used. Findings indicated that the model of factors influencing development of sport electronic businesses consists of 7 factors: cultural and social, training and awareness raising, environmental, innovation and creativity, regulatory, managerial and organizational. Furthermore, it seems that regulatory, managerial and organizational conditions influence the mentioned development more than other factors; so, it is recommended that sport businesses’ managers, besides considering the model drawn, pay more attention to the importance of these three factors in order to enter the field of e-commerce.

The aim of this study is to determine the effective factors on improving modeling and creating cultural symbols in public sports. Designed and implemented. In terms of applied purpose, the present study was a descriptive-survey in terms of data collection method, which was mixed based on the research approach. The statistical population of the qualitative part of this research consisted of elites and experts in the field of management aware of the subject of the research and in the quantitative part; The statistical population also included experts. The tools of the present study included questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Coding was used to examine the data of the qualitative part and the structural equation method was used in the quantitative part. The whole process of data analysis was performed in SPSS software version 20 and Smart PLS version 2. The results of the present study showed that cultural activities, educational issues, social activities, regulatory issues, nature issues, ethical issues and symbolism should be identified as key components to improve cultural modeling in public sports. The results of the present study showed that among the identified factors, cultural factors, educational factors and social factors are identified as key factors to improve cultural modeling in public sports.

The main purpose was to test the superstition model in sports fans. The present study is a descriptive correlational study based on structural equation modeling and is considered as an applied research in terms of purpose. The statistical population of this study consisted of all fans of the Iranian Premier League football, basketball and volleyball teams in the 98-99 season. The statistical sample was selected using 390 people using G-Power software and the available random sampling method. In this study, questionnaires of Lachman (1986) control source, Carlson et al. (2009), superstitious beliefs Flack et al. (2014), superstitious behaviors Dwyer et al. (2017) were used. The results of Structural equation modeling with partial least squares approach showed that the locus of external control has a significant positive effect on superstitions in sports fans as well as superstitions on adjective superstitions and superstitious beliefs. However, the effect of superstitions on superstitious behaviors was not significant. Therefore, it is suggested that the cultural committee of sports federations, sports clubs and sports fans' associations control sports superstitious behaviors among fans by holding training courses.

Sport plays an important role in the extension of development and peace plans due to its intrinsic educational, cultural and social dimensions. Thus, this study was carried out aimed to model sports for development and peace. The present study is considered as an applied research in terms of purpose and a mixed research in terms of the method used. The statistical population of the present study included professional athletes, sports coaches and managers, psychologists and sociologists active in sports. In the qualitative section, statistical samples based on theoretical saturation (20 people) were interviewed by snowball method and 50 indicators were extracted. 35 indicators were confirmed after four stages of fuzzy Delphi method. Questionnaires obtained from the qualitative section were categorized by exploratory factor analysis and variables were identified. The statistical sample was estimated based on a sufficient number for modeling in pls software at 10 times of the dimensions drawn in the concept model, and 350 people were determined based on 35 hidden variables. According to the results of this study; Sport has a variety of development and peace goals for development and peace: attracting young people to education, employment and training, promoting conflict resolution and peaceful relations in communities, empowering women and promoting gender equality, and contributing to the social participation of persons with disabilities, promoting health education, efforts to reduce homelessness and reducing criminal activities, urban violence and crime. Sport is recognized as a broad social field for development and peace, in which sport and related activities are used for achieving different types of non-sporting development goals and building peace around the world.

The purpose of this research was to combine brand and team-based identity building to enhance value in the country's premier liver league in the structural-interpretive model. The research method was structural-interpretive. The statistical population included scientific and executive people who are aware of the subject of the research. The sample was estimated to be a sufficient number for the ISM method and was sampled using a targeted method (12 people: 4 club managers, 4 board and federation managers, 4 sports marketing analysts, and consultants). The research tool was a questionnaire consisting of 11 variables determined as a pairwise comparison. Data analysis was done using interpretive structural modeling and MICMAC analysis. After analyzing the data, the components were placed in seven levels, based on which the ISM graph and the research model were designed. The results showed that the variables were placed in four research levels as follows: the fourth level (brand value), the third level (brand-based identity and team-based identity), the second level (fans' integrity, brand differentiation, constant experience of the group, facilities) team) and the first level (fan culture, brand prestige, group social experience and team history). The relationships identified as the effect of fan culture on fan integration, the effect of brand prestige on brand differentiation, the effect of group social experience on the constant experience of the group, and the effect of team history on team facilities (the effect of first and second level variables), the effect of fan integration and brand differentiation on Brand-based identity was the effect of a constant experience of the group and team facilities on team-based identity (second-third level effect) and the effect of brand-based and team-based identity on brand value (third-fourth level effect). Based on the findings of the research, it can be said that the integration of fan identification based on brand and team significantly leads to the improvement of the value of Kabaddi Premier League clubs, therefore, the strengthening of commercial and sports identification mechanisms should be aligned.

According to the job and mission requirements of the military, they should engage in physical and sports activities. Therefore, this research seeks to answer this question, what is the appropriate model for maintaining and improving the combat power of the Iranian armed forces personnel with a focus on physical fitness? This research is mixed in terms of the purpose of application and the method of doing it. The participants in this research were managers and expert commanders in the field of sports in the armed forces. The sampling method was purposeful. The theoretical saturation method was used to estimate the sample size. Data collection tools included interviews and questionnaires. Qualitative analysis and structural equations were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that the causal factors include: financial, humanitarian, scientific and scientific, educational and research and planning. background conditions including psychological, demographic, structural and behavioral; The main axis includes martial power and championship sports. While the intervening conditions include equipment and facilities and technology; Strategies include structural, economic, social, international, legal, and standardization. These factors will create 12 desirable outcomes. Creating a suitable platform for the development of employees in the field of sports, development of sports infrastructure, development of public sports based on scientific principles and compilation of physical fitness indicators can be among the factors that help maintain and increase the physical fitness of employees in improving the combat power of Iran's armed forces.

The aim of this study was to designing an e-business model in Iranian sports tourism ‎with ‎emphasis on organizational factors ‎‎‏ ‏the research method was derived from grounded theory for explaining and analyzing ‎findings ‎‎from exploratory interviews. The study population was the Professors, top startup ‎managers in ‎the ‎field of tourism and managers of Iran sports tourism association, touring & ‎automobile club ‎of the Iran, IFTGA(Iran Federation of Tourist Guide Associations), and ‎electronic business ‎expert’s ministry of cultural heritage, handicrafts ‎and tourism. The sampling ‎method was a ‎combination ‎of purposeful sampling and snowball. ‎The ‎research tool included an ‎open source ‎‎interview. In the data analysis phase, the ‎content ‎analysis and counts of the themes ‎‎were employed ‎in open, axial and selective ‎coding stages‎. ‎ ‎‏ The results of the data obtained from the interviews during the ‎open, pivotal and ‎selective ‎codification process led to the creation of the data driven theory in ‎the field of e-‎business model in ‎Iranian sports tourism with emphasis on organizational factors ‎‏.‏‎ ‎According ‎to the study, e-business ‎Sports tourism is a multi-sectoral structure that is affected by ‎a set of ‎underlying factors, ‎intervening conditions, causal conditions, strategies and ‎consequences.‎ In general in the world at present, e-business tourism sports will not succeed if ‎they are ‎‎not equipped ‎with these organizational skills‎. Therefore, the integration of ‎organizational factors ‎in ‎the field of sports tourism can help in the development of e-business ‎in sports tourism. ‎

The present study was conducted with the aim of the relationship between brand love and the immediate purchase of sports customers mediated by hedonistic consumption tendency in Iranian Basketball Premier League players. The method used in this research was descriptive-correlational and based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study was the players of the Iranian Basketball Premier League (men and women) in 2020 (364 people). 146 people were selected as a statistical sample using G-Power software by stratified random sampling. Descriptive and inferential methods and structural equation modeling with partial least squares approach were used to analyze the data. The results showed that brand love, instant shopping and hedonistic consumption tendency were higher than the hypothetical average. The tendency to hedonistic consumption also mediates the partial (not complete) effect of brand love on the immediate purchase of sports customers. The coefficient of determining brand love and instant purchase was equal to 0.390 and 0.446, respectively, which indicated a good fit of the model. Therefore, is better for sports brand managers to identify people who love the brand through continuous monitoring of customers and needs assessment. It is also suggested that sports brand managers use the potential of social media to encourage customers to buy instantly in order to improve instant shopping.

The aim of the current research is to analyze the dimensions of the requirements of strategic planning of human resources, to examine its relationship with the positioning strategies of sports services in the sports complexes of Kerman. The research method of descriptive statistics and inferential statistics was used and the statistical population included the employees of sports complexes in Kerman, taking into account the possibility of unusability of some completed questionnaires, a total of 400 questionnaires were distributed, and finally 385 questionnaires were used as the basis for statistical analysis. Two researcher-made questionnaires were used to collect data. Validity assessment was done using face validity and approval by management experts. The questionnaire of requirements for strategic planning of manpower equal to (85%) and positioning strategies of sports services has been calculated equal to (86.1%). Data analysis was carried out quantitatively and qualitatively with SPSS version 23 and PLS Smart version 23 software, in the current research, the significance level is 0.05, based on the research findings, it can be concluded that the effect Positive and meaningful requirements of strategic planning of human resources on positioning strategies of sports services. Also, the coefficient of determination shows that 13% of the changes in the positioning strategies of sports services are explained by the strategic planning requirements of human resources.

The present study was designed and conducted to investigate the role of controversy management on the moral climate in handball. The present research is applied in terms of the nature of the research; Research method, mixed (qualitative-quantitative), research strategy, data base with Glaser approach and data collection source includes: documentary study and interview. The statistical population in the qualitative section, all professors, experts and elites are experts in the field of sports management and in the quantitative section, coaches, players and handball referees. Sampling in the qualitative, purposeful section and in the form of snowballs to theoretical saturation 15 people was selected and in the quantitative section, 380 players, coaches and referees of the first level of handball in the country were selected. The interviews were coded through Max Kyoda software in three levels: open, central and theoretical. Based on the results, 499 open source codes were identified, which were divided into 72 central codes and 9 theoretical codes. Awareness, economic-welfare, managerial, individual, zoning, negative embezzlement, handball characteristics, role of media. The researcher-made questionnaire of controversy management with 36 items and 9 components was approved by experts after exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The structural equation model has sufficient fit. The results showed that controversy management and its components play an important role in the ethical atmosphere of handball coaches, players and referees. The theory of the present study was presented considering 9 categories. The results showed that controversy management has a positive effect on the moral climate.

This study aimed to explain the factors affecting the development of peace through exercise using the fuzzy Delphi method. This descriptive-analytical research was applied in terms of it’s purpose. The statistical population of the present study included professional athletes, sports coaches, and managers, psychologists, and sociologists active in sports. The Snowball sampling method was used for the qualitative interviews. After four stages of the fuzzy Delphi method, 35 indicators were confirmed. The questionnaire obtained from the qualitative section was categorized by heuristic factor analysis and the variables were identified. The results of this study showed that the determinants of peace development in sports organizations empower women on employment (0.72) and social capital development (0.67). In addition, based on the results, organizational capacity has a significant effect on women's empowerment (0.54) and the development of social capital had the greatest impact on social acceptance and interactions in the sports environment (0.35, 0.31). Sport is generally recognized as a broad social area for development and peace, with issues such as empowering women and promoting gender equality, promoting social participation for people with disabilities, and promoting health education, such as tackling obesity and diabetes.

The purpose of this study was to determine the degree of attention of the national curriculum document to the student’s assessment in physical education. The research was applied in terms of purpose and content analysis in terms of method. The statistical population was the national curriculum document that all parts were purposefully selected as a sample. The research tool was a checklist prepared by the researcher and its content validity was confirmed by 5 experts and its reliability was confirmed by calculating Scott's agreement coefficient of 0.93. Descriptive statistics was used to show the frequency of results; Reliability of the findings was obtained using four criteria of reliability, transfer ability, reliability and verification the content with 20 units equal to 33% with the highest frequency and the assessment tool with 1 unit equal to 2% and the lowest frequency was identified. Also, Principles of assessment with 16 units, equal to 27%, assessment policies with 8 units, equivalent to 13%, purpose with 5 units, equal to 8%, assessment method and assessor with 4 units, equal to 7% and time assessment with 2 units, equal to 3%, were identified. The national curriculum document had relative but unbalanced and uncoordinated attention to the components of assessment in physical education.

The present study was conducted with the aim of the relationship between brand love and the immediate purchase of sports customers mediated by hedonistic consumption tendency in Iranian Basketball Premier League players. The method used in this research was descriptive-correlational and based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study was the players of the Iranian Basketball Premier League (men and women) in 2020 (364 people). 146 people were selected as a statistical sample using G-Power software by stratified random sampling. Descriptive and inferential methods and structural equation modeling with partial least squares approach were used to analyze the data. The results showed that brand love, instant shopping and hedonistic consumption tendency were higher than the hypothetical average. The tendency to hedonistic consumption also mediates the partial (not complete) effect of brand love on the immediate purchase of sports customers. The coefficient of determining brand love and instant purchase was equal to 0.390 and 0.446, respectively, which indicated a good fit of the model. Therefore, is better for sports brand managers to identify people who love the brand through continuous monitoring of customers and needs assessment. It is also suggested that sports brand managers use the potential of social media to encourage customers to buy instantly in order to improve instant shopping.

The study is to investigate the role of trust in the manager, distributive justice and job confinement in the job transfer of physical education teachers in Tehran. It was a descriptive research based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population consisted of all male and female physical education teachers in Tehran in the 1397-98 academic year, whose number was 2152 people. The minimum sample size based on Cochran's formula was 326 people. The statistical sample was selected using stratified cluster sampling method from 19 education districts of Tehran. In this study, “Job confinement questionnaire” of Karsley et al. (2007), “Job transfer questionnaire” of Singh et al. (1996), “Questionnaire of manager” Lee et al. (2013) and the “Distributive justice questionnaire” of Niehoff et al. (1993) were used. To investigate the research model, path analysis was used by Smart PLS software version 3. The findings showed that the manager's trust was not of a significant effect on job transfer intention in the context of sports. The distributive justice was of a significant negative effect on job transfer intention in sports context at the level of 0/01.The job confinement was not of a moderating effect on the effect of manager's trust on the intention of job transfer in the context of sport. Ihe occupational confinement was of a significant moderating role in the effect of distributive justice on job transfer intention in the context of sport.
Therefore, it is suggested that job confinement be considered as one of the important job structures in the Ministry of Education.

In today's age, when the concepts of communication, competition, customerism, and business are inextricably linked, electronic marketing as an element of existing business and business plays a central role in maintaining and surviving businesses through attracting and retaining customers, introducing and introducing them. products and creating motivation to feel the need to buy, the main purpose of the current research is to analyze the factors affecting digital marketing in sports clubs in Tehran. The current research is of mixed model (qualitative-quantitative) or grand theory type. In which, qualitative method is used to collect the variables in the context of real life through interviews. The statistical population was used in the qualitative part of the research, with the interview method, according to experts and specialists who had more than 10 years of direct experience in managing sports marketing in social media, which ultimately led to the extraction and identification of variables. And the saturation sampling method was used. 20 in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted to the theoretical saturation of experts. In the quantitative part of this research, the statistical population is the managers of sports clubs in Tehran province, 384 people were selected as the sample size using the cluster sampling method and the Cochran formula. The statistical analysis of this research is on two qualitative and quantitative levels. Done. At the qualitative level, content analysis and coding were used, and at the quantitative level, the analysis was done with spss software.  .

A green organization is one that accomplishes its missions, goals, and tasks so that both individuals and other existing organizations and the needs of the future are not distorted by limited resources. To become a green organization, you need green management. Green management is the effective and efficient use of all facilities, material and human resources to guide and control the organization to achieve environmental goals in order to create social acceptance and preserve the environment. The present study was performed qualitatively. In-depth interviews with experts were used to collect data. Research data were collected through purposive sampling method and snowball technique and based on 12 in-depth interviews with related experts. The results of thematic analysis of green management challenges showed the existence of challenges in the form of 43 concepts that were extracted from interviews with experts. In the second stage of coding, these concepts became 6 more abstract concepts in the form of primary and secondary concepts, and finally in the third stage, these 6 concepts became 3 main categories or themes with basic, applied and environmental titles. Finally, in this research, the concepts, major categories and core categories include 6 concepts of challenges, green management culture, green management regularities, social structures, structural change and education. Finally, it can be concluded that green management in sports venues and facilities is not considered properly and it is expected that the relevant managers will consider more importance for the issue of green management in sports venues and facilities.

The present study seeks to compile the Causes affecting the strategic management of the Football Federation of the Islamic Republic of Iran. From this perspective, the research data using a qualitative research approach and Delphi study, with the formation of a 13-member Delphi panel of experts in the field of football Sport and At the academic and executive level, who were selected using purposive or judgmental sampling; Through a semi-structured interview or Semistandard (in the first round of Delphi) and a closed questionnaire (in the second to fourth rounds of Delphi); Was collected. Research data using thematic analysis and the network of themes type in the first round of Delphi and Kendall’s Coefficient of concordance (W) to achieve the final consensus of experts on the importance of Causes affecting the strategic management of the Football Federation of the Islamic Republic of Iran Used in subsequent rounds. In order to validate the Qualitative findings, the validity method of communication and the audit method have been used, and for the reliability of the Qualitative findings, the method of reproducibility and transferability or generalizability has been used. Results of research in four Delphi rounds have shown that the Causes affecting the strategic management of the Football Federation of the Islamic Republic of Iran consist of Causes: structural (macro) with 10 variables, organizational (medium) with 9 variables and action (micro) with 1 variable. Therefore, it is important to develop a strategic document, pay attention to privatization, creating regulatory mechanisms, pay attention to professionalism

The present study was designed and conducted with the aim of biological experience of the psychological effects of political doping in Iranian professional football. The method of the present study was a correlation type. The qualitative method used in the present study was phenomenological. Phenomenology studies the actual experiences of individuals, and it is believed that there are substances in these experiences that can be understood and studied. Participants in the present study included professional football players who were active in the Iranian Football Premier League and received political doping experience in sports. The data collection tool in the present study was a semi-structured interview. During this research, 3 main themes and 16 sub-themes were extracted. According to the results of the present study, the psychological effects of political doping in Iranian professional football were identified in three sections, including behavioral effects, psychological effects and social effects.

The general purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of passion, satisfaction of needs and conflict in the perception of burnout in athletes.

The current research was a descriptive correlational research based on structural equation modeling, and the data was collected in the survey and through a questionnaire. The statistical population of this research was made up of all volleyball players aged 13 to 17 in Tehran, whose number was 295. In this research, the questionnaires of passion (Wallerand et al. 2003), satisfaction of needs in sports (Lopez et al. 2020), conflict (Wallerand et al. 2010), athlete burnout (Raedeke and Smith, 2001) were used.

The results showed that adaptive passion has a significant negative effect on conflict in athletes. While harmonious passion has a significant positive effect on the satisfaction of needs in athletes. Also, obsessive passion has a significant positive effect on conflict in athletes. While extreme passion has a significant negative effect on the satisfaction of needs in athletes. In addition, contrast has a significant positive effect on attrition in athletes. Satisfaction of needs has a significant negative effect on burnout in athletes.

Basic psychological needs should be considered as the necessary energy to help actively engage with the environment, develop skills and healthy growth. Because when players receive more positive energy from attending training and matches and have a desire for more active interactions in training and match environments, in this case, their burnout rate will decrease.

Unethical pro-organizational behavior is one of the factors in the development of any organization. These are behaviors that violate accepted social and moral standards. Research evidence shows that the unethical behavior of employees is increasing from day to day, and the behavior of managers, and supervisors and the domination of an inhuman atmosphere in the organization can provide the basis for the occurrence of unethical behavior on the part of employees.

The aim of this study was to investigate the structural relationships between high-performance work systems and immoral Unethical pro-organizational behavior in the mediating role of multiple moral identities and psychological ownership.

This study is a correlation study that was performed by structural equation modeling with partial least squares approach. The statistical population was the staff of the Ministry of Sports and Youth, from which 324 people were selected as the available research sample. The measurement tool of Aquino and Reed Moral Identity Questionnaire (2002); High-performance work systems Zachartos (2005) and the immoral meta-organizational behaviors of Amphos et al. (2010) were the research variables. The validity of the instruments was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis. The collected data were analyzed using the partial least squares method.

The findings of the research showed that the factor loading obtained between the predictor variables and the grand criterion was obtained from 0.4. Also, the results of a t-value greater than 1.96 were obtained. The GOF index in this model was 0.454, which indicated the strong fit of the structural equation model. The result of the Sobel test 9.45 and 10.54 confirmed the mediating role of moral identity and psychological model, respectively.

Based on the results obtained in this study, managers should pay special attention to high-performance work systems to guide the behavior of employees in the organization. Also, managers should take steps to control the extra-organizational behaviors of their employees by paying attention to the structures of psychological ownership and moral identity.

Positive thoughts and helpful behaviors of individuals in the workplace and with organizational groups, in which most of their daily work activities take place, create a certain identity in addition to organizational identity with their work unit, which is called team identity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the role of team identity in sports loyalty mediated by motivation at the level of managers and heads of units of Islamic Azad University. The present study was applied in terms of purpose and its data were collected in the field and a questionnaire. The statistical population of this study included 285 officials of physical education departments of Islamic Azad universities of Iran. The statistical sample of this research is 162 people. Variables were measured by questionnaires: team identity of Wendick et al. (2008), motivation, Gayo (2007) and loyalty, Karuna (2002). To analyze the data, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to check the normality of the distribution of variables and correlation test was used to test the research hypothese. Finally, the structural equation model (SEM) and SPSS and LISRL software were used to test the conceptual model of the research. Findings showed that the team identity component has a significant effect on customer motivation and consequently on customer (student) loyalty. Findings also showed that motivation has a significant effect on student loyalty. The results indicate that the team identity of managers and heads of physical education departments of Islamic Azad universities of Iran as one of the most important factors determining the success of the Azad University in today's competitive environment in attracting students should be seriously considered.

In today's complex, changing and dynamic environment, the need to maintain survival and sustainable success has led many organizations to reconsider their business priorities and focus on adapting to business changes and responding appropriately to environmental requirements. In order to achieve this, the new concept called organizational resilience has entered the science of management, which is one of the important scientific topics in crisis management.The aim of this study was to develop a conceptual model of organizational resilience in Iranian sports organizations. The present study was carried out based on a qualitative method with Grounded Theory method with the approach of Strauss and Corbin. The statistical population of the study included academic sport experts, senior and middle managers of sports organizations, executive managers and experts of sports organizations with more than 20 years of experience. A total of 20 people participated in the interview process, selected through purposeful sampling. Data analysis was performed using Maxqda.12 software in three stages of open coding, axial coding and selective coding, and the qualitative research model was designed. The results indicated 322 codes/initial concepts and a total of 34 concepts together with 12 categories, which in the form of paradigm model include organizational resilience as a central category, Causal conditions (Planning and implementation, political causes, legal causes), contextual factors (economic causes, management system), intervention conditions (social attitude, cultural causes), strategies (financial actions, comprehensive approach) and consequences (reduction of financial losses, national and international successes, Socio-cultural benefits) were included.