reza norouzi ajirloo

AbstractToday, the growing need for rural entrepreneurship to create many job opportunities for villagers is felt more than in the past. which can be effective in increasing production, improving the level of income and improving the social status of the people. The present study was conducted with the aim of explaining the pattern of obstacles and problems in the development of rural entrepreneurship in cooperative and agricultural companies. The research was conducted qualitatively and with an interpretive phenomenological approach. The statistical population of the research is managers and entrepreneurial experts of cooperative and agricultural companies in 2022, who were selected using purposeful sampling of 25 people until reaching information saturation, and to collect data from in-depth semi-structured interviews and to analyze data using Smith's phenomenological analysis method. and colleagues were used. Based on data analysis, a total of 105 themes, 12 sub-themes and 5 main themes were extracted and classified. This research tries to discover the problems and challenges of the potential of rural entrepreneurship, the purpose of this article is to identify various problems related to rural entrepreneurship. The results indicated that the obstacles and problems of rural entrepreneurship development in cooperative and agricultural companies included the themes of culture, organizational structure, entrepreneurship support, entrepreneurship structure and management. Managers of cooperative and agricultural companies should increase their level of knowledge and management skills by participating in workshops and seminars. Because these skills increase the overall performance of cooperative and agricultural companies.

Social entrepreneurship, as a global phenomenon, sways society by adopting innovative approaches to address social problems. A focus on nature and the principles of sustainability and emphasis on environmental preservation are considered part of the strategy of social entrepreneurs. This is an applied-developmental study that uses a qualitative meta-synthesis method for data collection. The research method borrows the seven-step approach from Sandolski and Barroso (2007) based on the nature of the research. Electronic databases such as Emerald, ScienceDirect, Springer, Sage and the specialized database of Magiran, Irandoc, the scientific information database of SID and the comprehensive portal of humanities were reviewed from 2015 to 2022 to collect data. While considering all dimensions of social entrepreneurship, we utilized meta-synthesis method to identify indicators that the researchers believe wielded influence on the emergence of environment-based social entrepreneurship. In this research, after a review of the results and findings of previous researchers, the final model of social entrepreneurship was identified following Sandelowski and Barroso's seven steps. To extract the data from the texts, preliminary coding and extraction of concepts and categories were conducted after a thorough review of the literature on social entrepreneurship. After compiling and integrating the indicators obtained in the meta-synthesis phase, a total of 24 primary codes, 6 themes and 3 categories were identified, including infrastructural factors (supportive and structural), cognitive factors (skills and personality), and environmental strategies (biological orientation and environmental behavior). This article can offer valuable insights to enrich the literature on social entrepreneurship, and the government's strategic support for social entrepreneurship, like the policy of tax cut for related activities, will give them a high degree of cognitive desirability and feasibility.

Employees face fundamental challenges in managing their work and family life, which both shows the lack of flexibility in the workplace in managing work-family life and also shows the increasing amount of conflicts that employees work under (Selvarajan et al., 2020). Organizational literature has identified work-family conflict as a type of inter-role conflict that occurs when individuals manage the multiple demands of their work and family lives and has negative effects on psychological well-being (Amstad et al., 2011). Work-family conflict is an important aspect of psychological well-being, as it can lead to various negative outcomes such as stress, mental and physical problems, and poorer life satisfaction, and it can have a broader socioeconomic impact on public health because it may lead to poor job performance and high absenteeism at work. Islamic work ethics play a significant role in the work environment and affect employee relations, job satisfaction, and overall organizational performance. Al-Khalifa et al. (2023) found that Islamic work ethics positively affects organizational performance and the atmosphere of employee relations plays a mediating role in this relationship. Badar et al., (2023) Islamic work ethics can contribute to a positive work environment, which in turn can lead to higher performance and job satisfaction. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Islamic work ethics on work-family satisfaction and psychological well-being and to measure the mediating role of work-family conflict among the employees of Mohaghegh Ardabili University in the form of a structural equation model.

The current research was of correlational type and according to the purpose, it was of applied type, and data collection was done in the field. The statistical population of the research was all the administrative and educational staffs of Mohaghegh Ardabili University in the number of 400 people, and 300 questionnaires were distributed by the available sampling method, from which 256 suitable questionnaires were selected for statistical analysis. To determine the causal relationship between the variables, statistical analysis has been performed using the structural equation method and using SPSS and SMART-PLS software.

The statistical results of the research confirmed the hypotheses. The results of the present study showed that Islamic work ethics have a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction, family satisfaction, and psychological well-being. The findings also showed that work-family conflict has a direct and negative effect on job satisfaction, family satisfaction, and psychological well-being. In general, the results showed that Islamic work ethics play an essential role in job satisfaction, family satisfaction, and psychological well-being.

The results of structural equation modeling showed that Islamic work ethics directly affects job satisfaction and family satisfaction. This means that institutionalizing Islamic work ethics in the organization and aligning ethical principles with organizational strategies can help improve family satisfaction. Among other results of this research, we can mention the positive effect of Islamic work ethics on psychological well-being and work-family conflict. By improving Islamic work ethics and giving more importance to purposefulness in life, conflict at work and as a result the psychological well-being of university employees will be strengthened. In this research, it was observed that work-family conflict hurts job and family satisfaction and mental well-being. Work-family conflict leads to a gradual decrease in job satisfaction and has negative consequences such as increased employee absenteeism, increased withdrawal from work, reduced productivity, and work commitment in the organization. Therefore, to manage the conflict between multiple roles, it is suggested to plan appropriate training courses such as work-family balance and time management skills training, conflict resolution style, and stress management.

In this research, by applying the concepts of brand value and branding in universities of medical sciences, it was tried to study and identify the factors of brand value related to the branding of universities of medical sciences, and finally, the ranking of these factors was presented using fuzzy promethee method.

The research method is applied, descriptive and survey. The statistical population of the survey is all the students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in the number of 8286 people in the academic year of 1401-1400, of which 368 people were selected using Morgan's table and simple random method. The research tool is a questionnaire, the validity and reliability of the tool was confirmed using the content validity method and Cronbach's alpha. The collected data were tested using descriptive and inferential statistics and fuzzy promethee approach and SPSS 23 and visual promethee software.

Considering that the average of all factors is higher than the standard value of 3.4 and according to the results of the t-test, the impact of all the investigated factors on the special value of the university brand in universities of medical sciences was proven.

The findings of the fuzzy promethee method indicate that the most important factor affecting the special value of the university brand is the perceived quality.

Livability includes several factors that depend on the prevailing local economic, social and cultural conditions. Today, livability is a prerequisite for a healthy life along with economic and social survival, so it is very important to improve the quality of life. In this regard, the concept of the circular economy has been promoted as a response to the lack of resources and as a driver for moving towards a more sustainable economic system. This study examines the effect of circular economy (recycling, production and reuse) on economic viability by measuring the role of social entrepreneurship. This research is descriptive-survey type. The statistical population of the research consists of 80 active social entrepreneurs of Tabriz city, who were selected by available sampling method, and standard and researcher-made questionnaires were used to collect data. The results of hypothesis testing were shown by SMART-PLS software using T-test and path coefficients (B).The results of the research show that there is a direct and meaningful relationship between the circular economy components (reuse, production and recycling) with economic viability (employment and income, household expenses and the value of land and housing) at a significance level of 0.001. has it. Also, the positive effect of the mediating variable of social entrepreneurship on economic viability was confirmed (B=0.681). Therefore, the necessity of reducing the use of natural resources through the reuse and recycling of products in line with special attention to economic viability and the role of social entrepreneurs with positive social and environmental impact and the development of business models is revealed.

The aim of this study, is to design a structural model of management of green human resources on the foundation of human being management system that offers for the first time in the green human management’s literature.

In this study first the most important factors of vital cases which cause the success in management derived. Then, these factors were given to 150 experts of Keshavarzi bank of Ardabil province by questionnaire. After the gathering questionnaire, preliminary dials with the use of analyses stand in four elements. With the help of structural-explanatory model and asking from 10 virtuosos of agricultural bank of Ardabil province these factors analyzed and relationship between these variables discovered.

The results of interpretive structural modeling on the four factors involved in the implementation of green human resource management show that the factor of green thinking and the environmental management factor have weak influence and weakness. Human resource management factor has weak influence but high dependence and green movement factor with high influence and low dependence. Results show that, the green move factors in the green human resource management in agricultural bank of Ardabil province was vital and must be in the first grade.

The results indicate that approved variables were categorized into four factors of human resource management, environmental management, green thinking, green movement (Green Initiatives include Green Thinking and Green Movement). The results also show that green movement factors and green thinking have the most impact on other factors, respectively, and human resource management and environmental management variables are most influenced by other factors.

Considering the determining role of green brand in the success and performance of organizations in achieving predetermined goals, this study aims to investigate the effect of variables affecting green brand from the perspective of company, product and customers and its impact on Green brand preference and loyalty was mediated by strategies (green and environmental marketing).

This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of nature and method. A questionnaire was used to collect data and in order to analyze the data and test the research hypotheses, the structural equation modeling method was used by Smart PLS software. In the present study, to collect the required quantitative data, two types of structured questionnaires with closed questions were used, one to examine the green branding activities of companies and the other to measure the green brand from the perspective of customers.

The results show that all three factors of company, product and customer have a positive and significant relationship with creating a green brand. There is also a positive and significant relationship between green brand and strategies and also between strategies and preference and loyalty to green brand. Mediation of strategies between green branding and outcomes was confirmed.

Dairy companies should provide their customers with information on environmental issues related to production processes in a clear manner. By creating a green brand and linking environmental strategies and marketing environmentally friendly dairy products, these companies can help make green dairy products preferable to regular dairy products.

The theoretical review and background of previous studies show that there is a research gap of correlation between social responsibility factors, green marketing strategy, company reputation, and business performance. The practical field is the tourism service industry, which is increasing the importance of tourism and its development day-to-day. This research was conducted to examine the impact of corporate social responsibility and green marketing on the direction of the development of the tourism industry. The statistical population of this descriptive-survey research is managers and experts and service businesses related to tourism in Ardabil province. Due to the existence of 315 hotels and guesthouses a sample of 173 items and 346 questionnaires were selected using Cochran's formula in a purposeful and theoretical manner. Data collection was done using a researcher-made questionnaire and data analysis was done using structural equation modeling method (PLS software). It can be seen that the social responsibility variable plays an important role in explaining 72% of the changes in the green marketing strategy, the corporate social responsibility, and green marketing strategy variables together explain 37% of the changes in the company's reputation variable. Corporate social responsibility, green marketing strategy, and company reputation are able to explain 59% of the changes in the company's business result variables. The results confirm the research hypotheses, including the impact of green marketing strategy on business results. It is appropriate that the managers of the tourism industry consider social responsibility a moral principle and by applying the green marketing strategy, they can solve the concerns of tourists who support the environment and improve their business performance by creating a strong reputation.

Communication and collaboration with customers to achieve performance improvement through Green Supply Chain Management practices are essential. This research was conducted to investigate the role of customer relationship goverance in the relationship between green supply chain management and environmental and economic performance of the company in Shiraz industrial towns.

Methodologically, this research is a correlation research. To measure the variables of the research, Zhou et al.'s questionnaire was used. The statistical population of this research is all managers and experts of Shiraz industrial city. The questionnaire was distributed randomly among managers and experts of Shiraz industrial towns and 205 questionnaires were selected for statistical analysis. In order to investigate the research hypotheses using Smart-PLS software, structural equation analysis and path analysis using partial least squares (PLS) were used.According to the results of the path coefficient and t statistics, Customer relational governance correlates the relationship between green supply chain management and the company's environmental and economic performance. Also, considering the path coefficient, it can be said that the effect of green supply chain management on the environmental and economic performance of the company is positive and significant due to the mediating role of customer relationship management, since the path coefficient is positive.

The results of the research show that Customer relational governance moderates and mediates the relationship between green supply chain management and environmental and economic performance of the company. Therefore, the efforts of companies to utilize green supply chain management to improve their environmental and economic performance are crucial for intelligent and informed choices for the proper development of customer relationship management mechanisms.

Concerns about environmental degradation have increased over the past decades. In response to these concerns, consumers are helping to protect the environment by purchasing and using green products. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of thetheory of consumption values on green purchasing behavior, with emphasis on the role of mediator of environmental concern of consumers of green products under the supervision of the Organic Society of Iran in Tehran.

This research is an applied and methodological research of correlation type. The statistical population of this research is customers of stores under the supervision of the Organic Society of Iran located in Tehran. A total of 320 customers were selected as the sample. Data were collected using standard questionnaires and data analysis using structural equation modeling with Smart-PLS software.

The results of the research show that environmental concern of consumers of green products mediates the impact of consumption theory on green purchasing behavior, and there is a positive and significant relationship between the theory of consumption valuesand environmental concerns of green consumers in Tehran.

In general, considering the environmental concerns of consumers, buying green products is influenced by the value of consumption. Consumers with high environmental concern support green products more, and show greater readiness to choose them.

Researchers acknowledge that different educational and contextual factors can influence human resource development. Because of stress in hospital wards environment and lack of personnel’s support for student, personnel’s aggressive tempers, the supporting of nursing students is an important factor. Therefore, The present study aims to investigate the role of educational environment dynamics in the relationship between organizational learning and empowerment of nurses.

With respect to study goal the research method is descriptive and correlational in terms of purpose and method of data collection. The statistical population of the study consisted of 582 nursing students in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in the academic year of 2017-2018. Using the Morgan table and random stratified sampling, 232 students were selected. The research tool was three questionnaires that the validity and reliability of the tool were confirmed by content validity and Cronbach's alpha. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, structural equation method and SPSS 23 and Smart PLS 2 software.

Findings indicate that organizational learning affects the dynamics of nurses' educational environment and empowerment. The dynamics of the educational environment has a significant and positive impact on nurses' empowerment. The results of path analysis also showed that the dynamics of the educational environment plays a mediating role in the relationship between organizational learning and empowerment of nurses. The findings showed that 48% of the total effect of organizational learning on nurses' empowerment is mediated by the dynamics of the educational environment. Also the value of GOF = 0.69 confirms the very good fit of the research model.

Organizational learning leads to learning human resources and involves specific organizational behavior that is performed in the learning organization. That is, organizational learning leads to the dynamics of the nursing education and empowerment environment, which is a human resources management tool that can guide human resources to increase productivity as well as enhance the learning of the whole system, especially the educational system.

The lack of expressing opinions of employees working in organizations can cause a phenomenon called organizational silence. Organizational silence has a damaging effect on employee’s productivity. The organizational sound and silence about organizational performance are currently one of the fundamental organizational challenges.

In this descriptive, correlational study, regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the studied factors. Using the Morgan table and stratified random sampling method, 317 subjects were selected and assessed by the structural equation modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS software.

The results showed a significant relationship between organizational silence and performance with a path coefficient of 0.179 and a significant difference of 3.289. Also, there was a significant relationship between organizational voice and performance with a path coefficient of 0.393 and a significant level of 6.766. Besides, a significant relationship existed between organizational voice and ethical leadership with a path coefficient of 0.247 and a significance level of 3.883, and finally, between the focal variables (silence and organizational voice) and organizational performance with moral leadership with a path coefficient of 0.315 and a significance of 5,485. Accordingly, the results indicated the suitability of the model.

The results showed a significant relationship between organizational sound and silence and employee’s performance, considering the mediating role of moral leadership in the organization. It can be concluded that one of the essential tasks of firefighters and firefighting leaders and managers is to identify and break the climate of silence and motivate the employees to talk in their workplace for subsequently improving their performances.

Human capital development in emergency departments of the country has been very slow despite all the efforts of scholars and experts. This study was conducted to investigate the organizational forgetting context and its role in improving the performance of emergency departments of the country through human capital in Shiraz emergency bases.

This study has a correlational research design. We used the Aledo Ruíz et al. (2017) questionnaire to measure research variables. The statistical population comprised all personnel of the Shiraz emergency bases. The questionnaire was randomly distributed among the staff of Shiraz emergency bases and 136 questionnaires were selected for statistical analysis. To investigate the research hypotheses, we used structural equation analysis with the partial least squares method in SmartPLS software.

The results of the data analysis indicated that the exogenous study variables of integration of concepts (β=0.226, P<0.05), coordination of insights (β=0.12, P<0.05), and changing personal habits (β=0.42, P<0.05) have a direct and positive effect on human capital. Also, human capital (β=0.73, P<0.05) was positively correlated with the performance of emergency bases.

Findings show that generating organizational forgetting has a positive relationship with human capital. If the employees can develop their skills by reflecting on their past, present, and future decisions or through a dialogue with their managers, they can change their behaviors and ideas and create new ones. So if managers encourage employees to transfer their knowledge to other coworkers and use their expertise to develop new ideas and solutions, they can develop human capital. The findings also indicate a positive relationship between human capital and organizational performance. Thus, if the emergency bases regard organizational forgetting as an early stage in the creation of human capital, they can improve organizational performance. Besides, the results showed that organizational forgetting has an indirect impact on organizational performance through the development and establishing of new capabilities and skills that increase the value of human capital.