ruhollah samiei

The present study was conducted with the aim of interpretive structural modeling of factors affecting organizational friction in education in Golestan province. This study was applied in terms of purpose and mixed in terms of implementation method (qualitative and quantitative). The research population in both qualitative and minor sections were experts in the fields of educational management, human resource management and organizational behavior of education in Golestan province in 2020. The sample size was estimated according to the principle of theoretical saturation of 20 people who were selected according to the inclusion criteria by targeted sampling and snowball sampling methods. The research instrument was a semi-structured interview whose validity was confirmed by experts and its reliability was estimated to be 0.79 through an agreement coefficient between two coders. Data were analyzed by Delphi methods and interpretive structural modeling in SPSS and PLS software. Findings showed that organizational friction in education has 18 components including defective organizational structure, weakness in human resource planning management, weakness in strategic management, carelessness, work delay, lack of sense of responsibility, functional stupidity, labor management heterogeneity, weakness in system evaluation, inefficiency Administrative, inattention to employee performance, financial and material inequality, anti-sports behaviors, politicization, concentration of control and power, stress in the workplace, organizational distrust and inefficiency of organizational management. Other findings showed that 18 components were at 13 levels; that work carelessness and work time were at thirteenth level with least impact and lack of sense of responsibility in the first level with the most impact.

The purpose of this research was to achieve a comprehensive model of home businesses and conceptualize it in the form of knowledge theory.

From the point of view of the objective, the current research is a part of applied research and from the point of view that none of the variables in this study are subject to modification or manipulation; it was a non-experimental (descriptive) research. Finding the required information with 15 key informants), an exploratory interview was conducted, the sampling process was purposeful and strategic and will continue until the process of analysis and discovery reaches theoretical saturation. Data analysis was done based on open, axial and selective coding using Atlas t.i software.

A total of 207 initial conceptual propositions were obtained from the interviews in the open coding stage. Unfavorable economic status of the family, low education and inability to be employed in government bodies, coercion of the father during childhood, the need to supervise and care for children, the need to be with the family more, and low and insufficient initial capital to start working in the market, including The causal factors have been the entry of people into home business; The most important theoretical finding of this research is related to the fact that home business owners are more inclined towards businesses that are related to their previous knowledge.

The findings show that in the phenomenon of home business and the success of the owners of these businesses, 4 components are effective as described, causal factors, underlying conditions, action strategies and outputs, which are actually research innovation. It is especially evident in causal factors

Todays, businesses need to have a deep understanding of their performance in order to stay competitive and maintain their competitive advantage over competitors. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of entrepreneurship orientation and entrepreneurial marketing on business performance by explaining the mediating role of employee participation. This research has been applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey. The target population of the study was 462 employees of Mellat Bank in Golestan province. The sample size was 212 according to Krejcie and Morgan table and simple random sampling method was used to sampling. Data were collected through a 55-item questionnaire which formulated from previous researches about entrepreneurship orientation (Antonik and Hisrich, 2003), entrepreneurial marketing (Becherr et al., 2012), business performance (Huang et al., 2015), employee participation (Marwan et al., 2018). Data analysis was performed by structural equation method with Smart PLS software. The results showed that the entrepreneurship orientation and entrepreneurial marketing have a positive and significant effect on employee participation. Employee participation has a positive and significant effect on business performance. The findings also confirmed the mediating role of employee participation in the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial marketing on business performance.

The aim of this research was designing an organizational friction pattern in education of Golestan province with approach of grounded theory. This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was qualitative from type of exploratory and with approach of grounded theory. The research population was experts in the fields of educational management, human resource management and organizational behavior of education in Golestan province in 2020 academic year. The sample size based on the principle of theoretical saturation was estimated 20 people who were selected according to the inclusion criteria by purposive and snowball sampling methods. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed by open, axial and selective coding methods based on Strauss and Corbin (1998) theory in NVivo software. The results showed that organizational friction in education had 87 concepts and 20 sub-categories in 6 main categories including organization weak strategies (causal conditions), organizational friction (axial phenomena), mental pressure in the workplace (interventionist conditions), internal organizational factors (contextual conditions), organizational anti-citizenship behaviors (actions) and organizational laziness (consequences). The organization weak strategies as causal conditions were included defective organizational structure, weakness in human resource management and weakness in strategic management, organizational friction as axial phenomena were included working indifference, working wasting time, lack of sense of responsibility, functional stupidity and heterogeneity of workforce management, mental pressure in the workplace as interventionist conditions were included concentration of control and power, nervous pressure in the workplace and distrust in the organization, internal organizational factors as contextual conditions were included weakness in performance evaluation, inefficiency of the administrative system, inattention to staff performance and inequality of financial and material, organizational anti-citizenship behaviors as actions were included anti-value behaviors and politicization and organizational laziness as consequences were included reduced organizational productivity, inefficient management of the organization and tendency to leave the job. Finally, organizational friction pattern in education were designed. The organizational friction pattern of the present research can be used by professionals and planners of education as a suitable pattern to reduce organizational friction through the identified categories.

Contrary to the previous definitions and the widely used of the Internet and electronic devices, we are now faced with the electronic lifestyle. This study aims to identify the e-lifestyle types among Iranian citizens which were done in two steps. In the first step, the influential components of the Iranian e-lifestyle were identified by reviewing related literature and surveying 25 experts using the fuzzy Delphi method. Fuzzy Delphi cycles were carried out in two rounds which resulted in the identification of 13 components. In the second step, a questionnaire was designed using the experts' opinions and previously reported literature and distributed among the 970 samples selected using multi-stage cluster-spatial sampling. Factor analysis was used to determine the number of clusters that resulted in five clusters. Clustering was used to identify e-lifestyles and the characteristics of these five lifestyles were identified. These clusters were named for their behavior as Interactive, Negativisms, Pioneers, Requisiteness Oriented, and Self-indulgent.

The technology-based entrepreneurship model of information technology in knowledge-based companies in the Science and Technology Park is based on datadriven theory.The research method is explanatoryThe research strategy was based on some of the data.The statistical sample of the article is14% have been professors of entrepreneurship, PhD in industry, PhD in management, PhD experts in entrepreneurship and managers of knowledge-based companies located in the Science and Technology Park. To analyze the dataCoding is used.Findings showed that recognizing, understanding and creating technological entrepreneurship, information technology network and developing entrepreneurial investment and marketing capabilities by considering, opportunism, acceptance and facilitation of entrepreneurship and changes in the innovative structure of networks can affect technological entrepreneurship. Be.The results will guide us in the new technologybased valuation and the consequences of differentiation in organizations.Model strategies such as facilitation measures, structural measures, infrastructure strategies and scientific-research measures seem to help technological entrepreneurship.

The need for innovation and especially product innovation to compete in the domestic and global arenas on the one hand and the importance of new product development, as one of the areas of revenue generation for companies and the country on the other hand, as well as identifying factors And the groundwork for building innovation capabilities has become a strategic process. In the present study, while identifying the factors affecting the creation and strengthening of product innovation capabilities, the communication model between these factors has also been identified and proposed. For this purpose, first, through library studies, the effective factors in product innovation were identified and categorized into six factors. In the next step, through the distribution of the designed questionnaire, the status of research variables was assessed. In this regard, 250 questionnaires were distributed among employees, senior and middle managers of information technology companies and collected after completion. Finally, data analysis using structural equation modeling, confirmatory factor analysis and regression correlation test to prove the proposed research model. According to the results obtained from structural equations, the impact of human capital, knowledge, culture, internal communication and external communication on product innovation has been positive and significant.