s. hesaraki

The aim of this study was to experimentally evaluate the effect of coenzyme Q10on the healing of corneal chemical burn wounds in rabbits. In this research,20healthy adult New Zealand rabbits with an average weight of2kg and an age range were used.Then,in order to create general anesthesia, Ketamine10% at the rate of 40mg/kg and Xylazine2% at the rate of10mg/kg were used intramuscularly and after induction of complete anesthesia, the eyes The left side of each rabbit was smeared with2drops of0.5%tetracaine, and after5 minutes, a circular filter paper with a diameter of6mm dipped in30microliters of normal saline was placed in the center of the cornea for 60seconds.After removing the filter paper,the eye was washed with2 ml of sterile normal saline. After that, we divided the rabbits into4 groups of 5:experiment I, experiment II,experiment III,and control.In experiment group I:2mg/kg ,II:5mg/kgIII:10mg/kguntil21 days after surgery, coenzyme Q10 was consumed daily,and in the control group, distilled water was consumed equal to the other groups. At the end of the third week,the animals were anesthetized and eyeball removal was performed.The samples were fixed in10% neutral formalin buffer solution and cut into 5 μm pieces with a microtome.All the slices were stained with(H&E)and examined under a light microscope for the amount of vascularization, stromal edema, order of collagen fibers, and inflammatory reactions. Based on the obtained results, it seems that CO Q10is effective in repairing corneal chemical burns and the dose of10mg has a better effect according to the pathology results

The purpose of this study was to investigate the regenerative effects of dexamethasone and tacrolimus in improving peripheral nerve lesions in mice. 25 adult male mice were prepared. The rats were divided into 5 groups: sham (without therapeutic intervention), control (injection of distilled water daily until the 28th day after surgery), experiment one (2 mg/kg), experiment two (5 mg/kg tacrolimus), experiment three (2 mg/kg dexamethasone and 5 mg/kg tacrolimus) were divided before the surgery. The rats were evaluated in terms of movement, and the way of walking was evaluated by placing the foot on the paint and walking on the white paper. The use of dexamethasone and tacrolimus significantly decreased the amount of leukocytes. The lowest rate of axonal degeneration was related to the tacrolimus, dexamethasone and tacrolimus + dexamethasone groups, which did not have a significant difference with each other and all caused a significant decrease in axonal degeneration. The lowest SFI was related to dexamethasone group and tacrolimus and dexamethasone group. On the 14th day, the lowest amount of SFI was related to tacrolimus and dexamethasone group. The lowest amount of SFI on day 21 was related to group 4, followed by dexamethasone and tacrolimus groups, which did not differ significantly from each other. The lowest amount of SFI on day 28 was related to sham, 4, dexamethasone and tacrolimus groups. In general, the results of this study showed that the use of the used medicinal combination led to the improvement of peripheral nerve lesions.

This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of titanium dioxide nanocomposite scaffolds for the reconstruction of femur defects in rabbits. To investigate the effect of nanocomposites on the healing processes of broken bone (bone defect). 18 New Zealand adult male white rabbits weighing 3 kg were studied. A cylindrical defect with a diameter of 6 x 5 mm was created in the femur of rabbits. The animals were divided into three experimental groups. The experimental groups after the defect were created included control, control (hydroxyapatite) and treatment (titanium dioxide). On the 15th and 45th days after surgery, the animals were killed and a sample was taken from the bone defect site and placed in 10% buffered formalin. 5 μm sections were evaluated after general and trichrome staining. Improvement of inflammation on day 15 and formation of new bone on day 45 in the nanocomposite group was the best in terms of ossification repair unit and reduction of inflammation. Nanocomposite had a significant recovery function in bone regeneration of defective areas.

Phoenixin-14 (PNX-14) is a newly identified neuropeptide with potential anti-inflammatory effects in the gastrointestinal tract. This study evaluated the protective effect of PNX-14 against the formation of duodenal ulcers caused by experimental indomethacin (IND). Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups. They include negative control, IND (7.5 mg/kg subcutaneous indomethacin), FAM (7.5 mg/kg subcutaneous indomethacin followed by 40 mg /kg famotidine intraperitoneal), and PNX-14 (7.5 mg/kg subcutaneous indomethacin followed by 50 μg/kg intraperitoneal PNX-14). Outcome measures included macroscopic assessment of duodenal lesions and histopathological parameters. Selected parts of the duodenum were removed and placed in 10% formalin, and hematoxylin and eosin staining were prepared. The macroscopic grade of duodenal lesions in the PNX-14 group was significantly smaller than the IND group (P< 0.001). The components of tissue pathology lesions were significantly increased in the IND group. The wound's diameter and depth and the inflammation intensity in the PNX-14 group were significantly smaller than in the IND group (P<0.001). PNX-14 was superior to the FAM group in reducing inflammation. PNX-14 showed significant protective effects against IND-induced duodenal ulcer formation. These results show a promising therapeutic outcome for PNX-14 in treating inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.

This study designed to investigate the protective effects of L-theanine on experimental Multiple sclerosis in mice. Frothy Male C57BL/6 mice were allocated into 4 experimental groups: control no treatment received a regular chew pellet, and the cuprizone (CPZ) group received a standard chew pellet containing 0.2% (w/w) CPZ. In group 3, mice were fed a regular diet and administered p.o. with L-theanine (50 mg/kg). In group 4, mice received a diet containing CPZ and were administered p.o. with L-theanine (50mg/kg). Finally, reflexive motor behavior and serum antioxidant levels were determined. Based on findings, CPZ significantly decreased ambulation score, hind-limb suspension, front limb suspension, and grip strength (P<0.05). The CPZ+L-theanine reduced the adverse effect of the CPZ on ambulation score, hind-limb foot angle, surface righting, and negative geotaxis (P<0.05). The CPZ+L-theanine increased front and hind-limb suspension, grip strength, number of the cross, and duration of a stay on the rotarod compared to the control animal (P<0.05). CPZ administration significantly elevated serum malondialdehyde (MDA) while superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels decreased compared to control mice (P<0.05). The CPZ+L-theanine leads to the cessation of MDA production while increasing SOD, GPx, and TAS levels (P<0.05). These results suggested L-theanine has a protective effect against CPZ-induced MS in mice.

The purpose of this study is to use a seaweed called Scenedesmus acuminates to reduce infection and heal wounds. Sixty rats were divided into four treatment groups, and sampling was done on the third, seventh, and fourteenth days after wound formation. No treatment was done on the first group, the control group. The second group was treated with 25% zinc oxide as the drug of choice. The third and fourth groups were treated with 3% and 7% Scenedesmus acuminates seaweed ointment. The back wounds of mice were infected with 50 microliters of 2x108 CFU/mL Staphylococcus containing suspension. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry (CD68) were performed to compare the number of macrophages on tissue samples. On the third day after wounding, macrophages (CD68) were present in the algae group by 7% more than in the other groups. On the seventh day, fibroplasia and collagen synthesis in the algae group was 7% better than in the other two groups. On the 14th day, the accumulation of new blood vessels in the algae was 7% more than the others. The best result regarding the CD68 (macrophage) molecule expression level was seen in the 7% algae group on the 7th and 14th days. On the third, seventh, and fourteenth days, when macrophages are helpful, algae groups were better than others. The use of algae ointment can reduce the bacterial load of the wound and is better than the administration of zinc oxide.

Treatment of breast cancer has many problems due to the systemic effects of chemotherapy. The use of certain molecules with cell killing effects, such as aflatoxin B1, can have fatal effects on breast cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of topical aflatoxin B1 use on breast cancer. Class 4T1 cancer cells were inoculated subcutaneously in female mice. Doses of 50 and 500 μg / ml of aflatoxin B1 were then injected around the tumors in comparison with doxorubicin. The ratio of tumor size to animal weight in different groups was evaluated along with histopathology by immunofluorescence on Ki-67 and VEGF indices. Aflatoxin B1 significantly reduces tumor volume, necrosis and suppresses angiogenesis in the tumor. However, liver metastasis occurred in all groups. Aflatoxin B1 in topical injections of 50 and 500 μg / ml around the tumor has anti-cancer effects on the breast. But it can not prevent metastasis.Aflatoxin-induced hepatotoxicity was also observed.

Many researches have been conducted so far to improve the bioactivity and mechanical properties of bioceramic-based scaffolds in order to stimulate tissue attachment to the implant surface and create a stable bonding. In this research, Al2O3 scaffolds were prepared using different types of polyurethane foam through template replica method and then, they were sintered at 1650 °C. A sol of SiO2–CaO– P2O5–MgO system Bioactive Glass (BG) was synthesized where the scaffolds were soaked and heat-treated at 800 °C based on thermo gravimetry analysis. X-ray diffraction confirmed the presence of silica in the structure of BG coating diffused in alumina scaffold that caused the formation of sillimanite phase. According to Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis, all prepared scaffolds were highly porous, and the mean porosity percentage was approximately 85 %. The compressive strength and porosity percentage of the scaffolds nearly ranged between 0.35-1.75 MPa and 79-93 %, respectively. The sample with the best result of compressive strength was considered as the optimum alumina scaffold (OAS). In vitro acellular behavior of the samples was also evaluated followed by soaking them in the simulated body fluid, and the ball-like morphology including entangled needle-like crystals were observed on the surface of the sample. Moreover, cells were cultured in alumina scaffolds with and without BG coating and in the cell studies. According to the findings, both samples supported attachment and proliferation of osteoblasts. Therefore, Based on the scaffold porosity percentage which promotes cell attachment as well as the compressive strength which is close to that of the trabecular bone, it can be concluded that application of BG-coated alumina scaffold as a bone-healing material may be beneficial.

To date, the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effect of clove extract has been proven, which makes it one of the treatments that can be used in wound healing. Comparing the healing effect with other healing aids makes clove extract stand out among wound healers. In this study, histopathological examination of clove nanofibers (eugenol) was performed in comparison with polycaprolactone nanofibers in other experimental thicknesses created in rat skin. In 45 adult Wistar rats, a dorsal ulcer induced. They are then randomly divided into three groups of 15 (observed group, eugenol nanofibers and polycaprolactone), then each into five other groups of 5 (fraternity sample groups on days seven, 14, and 21) Divide, collagen, epithelial thickness, scar, leukocytes infiltration, edema, acute hemorrhage and stretch test were evaluated. In the eugenol treatment group, epithelialization and collagen index increased significantly (P <0.05) from days 7 to 21 from the other two budget groups. The results show that clove nanofibers accelerated the healing process in thickened skin function compared to polycaprolactone and the control group.

In the present study, in vivo properties of poly (D/L) lactide (PDLLA)/polycaprolactone (PCL)/bioactive glass nanocomposites (PPB) and PDLLA/PCL blends (PP) were investigated up to six months. The in vivo results from the implants inserted on canine models indicated that the weight losses of PPB and PP were approximately 60 and 70%, respectively. In addition, the average molecular weight of both specimens decreased as a function of grafting times; however, such decrease in trend of blends was more considerable than that in nanocomposites. Moreover, the obtained histological images of the animal model up to six months of implantation distinguished the formation of the new bone within the implanted area, while no osteitis and osteomyelitis or structural abnormality were observed. Overall, the animal in vivo tests results of implants within a period of 180 days confirmed the good biocompatibility among them and appropriate degradation behavior of PPB, hence a proper candidate for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (ACLR) screws.

Calcium phosphate cements have lots of advantages that make them proper choice for repairing bone defect, but their weak mechanical properties limites their usage in non-load bearing bon. In these research different percentages of nano-titania were added to the calcium phosphate cement and after soaking in human blood plasma their mechanical properties were investigated. X-ray pattern diffraction was used for phase analysis and investigating microstructure was done by scanning electronic microscopic (SEM). Before soaking, mechanical strength of cement sample was 3.12 MPa and by adding 10 wt. % nano-titania reached to 5.54 MPa and after soaking, adding nano-titania had positive effect on compressive strength. X-ray pattern diffraction showed adding nano-titania did not have any inhibition effect on hydroxyl apatite formation ability.