saeed mirzaei

Due to the ease of access, the use of mobile phones is increasing. Sleep is a basic necessity that constitutes almost a third of the human lifetime. This research was conducted to investigate the degree of dependence on mobile phone and its relationship with sleep quality among students of Bam University of Medical Sciences.

This was an analytical study conducted cross-sectionally in 2020 on 280 students of Bam University of Medical Sciences using a stratified sampling method. In this research, Jenaro et al’s Excessive Use of Cell Phone Questionnaire was used to measure degree of dependence on mobile phones, and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Questionnaire was used to measure sleep quality.

Of the 280 subjects in this research, 59.3% were female, and 95% were single. Regarding the field of study, the highest percentage belonged to medicine (9.28%) and the lowest to emergency medicine (1.02%). The average score for dependence on mobile phones was 2.07 ± 1.34, and the average sleep quality score was 1.34 ± 0.47. The average dependence on mobile phones was 2.11 + 0.346 among male students and 2.04 ± 0.255 among female students (P = 0.04). A statistically significant correlation was found between dependence on mobile phones and sleep quality (r=0.152) (P < 0.05).

The increase in the use of mobile phones leads to poor sleep quality. This relationship causes adverse effects on health, academic performance, energy, etc. Therefore, more attention from officials and policymakers is required for interventions such as increasing scientific, cultural, educational, recreational, and research programs.

Depression is a common and debilitating disease that affects more than 300 million people worldwide (1). Depressive disorder is associated with unemployment, poor physical health, impaired social functioning and, especially in severe cases, with suicide. Therefore, depressive disorder carries a great burden due to the increase in economic costs and the loss of productivity and demand in health care, not only on individuals but also on the whole society (3). with depression also stated that they are classified as "common mental disorders" (4) Although these symptoms have specific diagnostic thresholds, they affect the quality of life and social and occupational performance and cause pressure on the person and the economic status of the population in the scale becomes larger (5).Various methods have been proposed and recommended to reduce anxiety and depression and improve mental health. One of the non-medicinal, simple and uncomplicated methods for treating anxiety and depression is aromatherapy or aromatherapy, which is the use of volatile oils or aromas extracted from flowers and aromatic plants in order to promote therapeutic goals, and through inhalation, Inhalation and massage are performed (6). Aromatherapy using aromatic plant oil is effective in reducing anxiety, pain, fatigue and healing skin wounds (7-9). Massage is one of the most important non-drug interventions to reduce the level of anxiety (10).The use of aromatic plant oils in the traditional medicine of Asian nations including China, India and Iran has a history of thousands of years (12). In this regard, jasmine oil is widely used in different countries in order to benefit from its benefits. Jasmine oil is a sweet smelling substance that is prepared from the jasmine plant (Jasminum officinale) (14). Widely used in aromatherapy, this type of essential oil contains aromatic plant compounds that have various health benefits, including skin care and stress reduction. This plant has analgesic, sedative and antidepressant properties (15). The results of some studies show that aromatherapy can help improve the physiological and psychological indicators of sick people (18, 19).There is little information about the effect of aromatherapy on anxiety, depression and mental health of people suffering from depression. On the other hand, the use of different medicinal plants in a traditional way has become widespread in the treatmentof many ailments and also in the improvement of mental states. By reviewing the research done, no research was found that investigated the benefits of relaxation massage with jasmine oil to reduce depression and improve mental health. Therefore, considering the lack of sufficient information in this field, the need to conduct more studies is felt. Considering the benefits of massage therapy on many symptoms and psychological problems on the one hand and the positive effects of jasmine oil on the other hand, Does six weeks of relaxation massage with jasmine oil affect the level of anxiety, depression and mental health of middle-aged women with depression?

In this semi experimental study, 30 middle-aged women (age 42 ± 3.06 years) with depression based on the DSM-IV standard were randomly divided into 2 groups; control and relaxation massage with jasmine oil. Experimental group received Relaxation Massage with Jasmine Oil for 6 weeks, 3 sessions per week and 30 to 45 minutes each session. Spiel Berger, Beck and GHQ28 questionnaires were used to measure anxiety, depression and mental health of the subjects before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed by independent t-test and dependent t-test at the P<0.05.

The results showed that relaxation massage with jasmine oil improved the mental health of middle-aged women with depression compared to the control group (P=0.001). Also, the mean score of depression and anxiety was significantly lower in relaxation massage with jasmine oil group compared to the control group (P=0.001).

The results of the present study showed that six weeks of relaxation massage with jasmine oil significantly reduced the anxiety of middle-aged women with depression. The results of this research are consistent with the findings of Alavi et al. (2013) who showed that aromatherapy with jasmine oil significantly reduces anxiety in pregnant women (20). Some aromatherapy studies show that essential oils, including jasmine oil, may affect biological factors such as heart rate, stress level, blood pressure, breathing, and immune system function (14). In aromatherapy, the absorption of jasmine oil through the skin causes a message to be transmitted to the brain area called the limbic system. This region is involved in the control of emotions and also affects the nervous system (22-24). Therefore, it is possible that jasmine oil along with massage has led to the reduction of anxiety in middle-aged women with depression through the effect on the limbic system. Also, the present findings show that six weeks of relaxation massage with jasmine oil significantly reduced depression in depressed middle-aged women. There is evidence that aromatherapy can effectively reduce symptoms of depression. The stimulating and activating effect of jasmine oil can be useful for relieving depression and improving mood (14). When inhaled, jasmine oil affects brain activity and mood, and participants reported feeling more positive and energetic (22). The results of the present research also indicate the beneficial effects of jasmine oil in reducing depression symptoms. Finally, the present findings show that six weeks of relaxation massage with jasmine oil significantly improved the mental health of middle-aged women with depression. This finding is consistent with the results of Shahrjardi and Darvish (2013), who showed a significant improvement in the mental health of women with cancer after the massage period (29). Jasmine flower contains benzyl acetate, lymal alcohol, benzylic alcohol, indole oleanolic acid, dacosterol, hesperidin and active compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins and jasmine (30-32). It is possible that jasmine oil along with massage has led to a significant improvement in the mental health of middle-aged women with depression through the compounds found in jasmine. In the present research, after six weeks of relaxation massage with jasmine oil in middle-aged women suffering from depression, the level of mental stress has decreased and the patients have the feeling that they have the same abilities as other people and thus feel more self-confidence. have obtained Therefore, relaxation massage with jasmine oil can help to improve the mental health of patients suffering from depression, and as a behavioral intervention and complementary treatment, it can play an important role in improving the mental health of patients. One of the positive effects of relaxation massage with jasmine oil is regulating the amount of neurotransmitters in nerve cells and as a result establishing balance in the person's nervous function and reducing mental abnormalities. By performing a relaxation massage with jasmine oil, the level of stress decreases due to the secretion of a number of hormones from different glands and the effect on the nervous system, as well as increasing the consumption of oxygen (14). There were also some limitations in the present research, including the non-use of other massage methods. Overall, one can benefit from its mental health benefits by using relaxation massage with jasmine oil, as shown by the present findings. According to the findings of this research, according to the results of the research, it seems that relaxation massage with jasmine oil can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve the mental health of middle-aged women with depression. Therefore, according to the findings of the research, it is suggested that middle-aged women suffering from depression receive relaxation massage with jasmine oil to reduce the negative consequences of depression.

Abu Zayd, the Egyptian thinker, proposes three viewpoints to the quiddity of revelation. In his first viewpoint, he compares prophethood with fortunetelling so as to introduce it as culturally accepted and familiar. However, Abu Zayd’s investigation of fortunetelling and its cultural acceptability is not sufficient. Moreover, cultural superstitions such as fortunetelling cannot provide appropriate justifications for the divine revelation. Furthermore, his claims are not congruent with intra-religious evidences. In his second viewpoint, Abu Zayd introduces the Qur’ān as the religious experience of the Prophet (s). He presented a third viewpoint toward the end of his life, based on which he deems the Qur’ān not as the Divine Word, but rather as the fallible words of the Prophet (s). From the viewpoint of Abu Zayd, the Qur’ān is the result of the discussions of the Prophet (s) with Arabs who faced him. He asserts that the Qur’ān is not a unified and consolidated text, but rather, it is a set of speeches. That is to say, he thinks that the Qur’ān is a fragmented text whose disagreements are justifiable and its inconsistencies are solvable, because each of its statements have been articulated in certain conditions, due to certain requirements, and for a certain audience. This article has examined and criticized the opinions of Abu Zayd, and their erroneousness has been shown.

Military personnel need endurance training for increasing physical fitness and health in their jobs. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ranger training on muscular endurance and lipid profile in military students. In this semi-experimental study, 24 sophomore students from a military university were randomly selected and divided into experimental and control groups. Firstly, the subjects warmed up for 15 minutes, then they performed muscle endurance test (pre-test), and finally the results were recorded. After two days, the subjects returned to the laboratory and blood sampling was performed to assess lipid profiles (cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and HDL). Then, the experimental group performed eight-week ranger training program. To collect the data in the post-test, the subjects performed the test again, and then blood tests were carried out. Independent t-test was used at the significant level of p<0.05 to analyze the data. The results showed that eight-week ranger training did not have a significant effect on muscular endurance of the students. In addition, there was no significant effect on cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, and HDL. According to the results of this study, it seems that some changes have to be made in order for effectiveness of physical fitness improvement programs and health in military students.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 months of strength training in water on bone mineral density of the lumbar spine and femoral neck in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
Material and In this study, 30 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (age range: 50 - 65 years), were divided into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group performed 12-month strength training program in water, 3 times a week (Monday, Wednesday and Friday), for 50 minutes. Using energy X-ray absorptiometry, we performed bone densitometry of L2 and L3 vertebrae and femoral neck by standard methods. Data were analyzed by independent t test. P≤0.05 was considered significant.
The results showed that 12 months of strength training in the water had significant effect on bone mineral density of L2-L3 vertebra (P=0/000) and bone mineral density of the femur (P=0/000) in postmenopausal women. Also we found significant effects on the percentages of T scores of L2-L3 vertebra (P=0/000) and the femur (P=0/000) after 12 months of strength training in water in postmenopausal women.
Based on these findings, possibly strength training in the water can lead to increased bone density in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.

Workforce reaches the plateau in its career after which job promotion is less probable.The present study aimed to study the relationship between career plateau and job burnout among employees of teaching hospitals affiliated to Kerman University of Medical Sciences.
The present research was a cross-sectional study carried out in 2012. The statistical population was the financial and administrative workers of teaching hospitals affiliated to Kerman University of Medical Sciences. Sampling was done through the stratified appraoch. Data collection was done through questionnaires on career plateau and job burnout that their validity and relieability had already been confirmed. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation, ANOVA, t-test) through SPSS19.
Career plateau rate was relatively high, while the rate of job burnout and its components were moderate. There was a significant correlation (r= 0.408) between career plateau and job burnout (P Regarding the high rate of career plateau in this study, hospital administrators should recruit basic strategies such as education, structural flexibility, identification of competent staff, job enrichment and motivation to maximize the efficiency and effectiveness of their human resources.

Due to their high polarity andsolubility in water these acidic herbicides can be released from harvest fields and therefore pollute surface and ground waters. The World Health Organization (WHO) regulations set 70 ng mL−1 as the maximum contaminant level (MCL) of phenoxy acid herbicidesin drinking water [2]. Therefore، the presence of these chemicals inwater sources is highly objectionable for human and animal consumption. Due to the fact that the major sources of drinking water are ground water and river water، monitoring the acidic and polar herbicides in these water sources is quite necessary. Therefore، in this study، we focused on introducing a novel microgel sorbent in which the adsorption and desorption of analytes are controlled only by changing the pH value of the sample. To the best of our knowledge، it is the first report on employing a pH-sensitive magnetic microgel as a new sorbent. In order to increase the adsorption efficiency and rapidly separatethe sorbent from the sample matrix by an external magnetic field، microgel was grafted on magnetic nanoparticles. Finally، the optimized procedure was employed to determine these phenoxy acid herbicides in river water samples.

Knowledge is regarded as a major resource of organizations and as an asset. Transmission, creation and applying knowledge require an organizational culture which encourages this process. Universities as knowledge-producing organizations should benefit from this. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between organizational culture and knowledge management at Kerman University of Medical Science. Present analytical study was done with cross sectional in Kerman University of Medical Sciences in 2012. Statistical population consisted of all staff working at deputies of Kerman University of Medical sciences (844) of which a sample of 200 was selected using quota sampling. In order to collect data, questionnaires on organizational culture and knowledge management were used whose validity was confirmed in previous studies and their reliability was calculated. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods (Pearson correlation, ANOVA and linear regression) were used for data analysis through spss18. Organizational culture was evaluated good by the majority of the studied subjects. Highest and lowest scores was obtained by adaptability (2/9) and participatory (2/6) dimensions respectively. Knowledge management status was evaluated at moderate and good level by studied subjects. Finally, there was a significant relationship between organizational culture and knowledge management (P-value=0/000). Organizational culture and knowledge management were in good condition in this study. Organization must first consider the organizational culture in order to improve the knowledge system and to spread it throughout organization effectively. The more strong the organizational culture is, the more successful the implementation of knowledge management would be.

According to resource constraints and unlimited needs, health care has important role in the public health. The allocation of limited resources to unlimited needs in critical areas of health is important. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the process of priority setting based on accountability framework for the rationality in Kerman university of Medical Science. This research is a qualitative study. 18 people from health experts about resource allocation in Kerman University of Medical Science interviewed. In this study Daniels and Sabin framework was used. Data analysis techniques were based on the analysis framework. Tools of data gathering were Semi-structured interviews. Heterogeneous sample of the people involved in the division of the department's budget is used to transfer capability. In order to credibility and confirm ability text transcribed and analysis of the resulting professors participating in this study were presented and corrective recommendations their comments were applied. The study includes four main codes: transparency, rationality, control and monitoring, overview and 9 sub-codes contains: Predictability, ambiguity, rationality, no sensible distributor, bilateral, unilateral, Proportionality between the mechanism and resources, revision, no mechanism, The status indicates the process of priority settings in Kerman University of Medical Science according to the Daniels and Sabin has little logic. No specific decision procedures, measuring the costs and benefits of different interventions so, making decisions based on the results of these studies won’t lead to optimal use of scarce resources.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks endurancetraining at different durations on plasma heat shock protein 27 in male rats. Materials and Forty adult Wistar male rats (eight weeks old, 189 ± 10g weight) were used for this study.Animals were divided into 4 groups including control, 30 min/session training, 60 min/session,and 90 min/session training groups. The training was included of treadmill exercise at 20 m/min(0% grade) in five days/week for eight weeks. Subjects were sacrificed 72 h after the last sessionof exercise for measurement of heat shock protein 27 levels in the plasma. Heat shock protein 27content in the plasma was determined with EIA kit and ELISA system data were analyzed usingone-way ANOVA and LSD at P≤0/05. Findings showed that plasma concentrations of heatshock protein 27 were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in 60 min/session training group. This study show that chronic mild-duration exercise could yield to greater levels in heat shockprotein 27 plasma concentrations compared to the less or more durations.

Waiting time indicates the feasibility of access to medical services and can be measured as a performance indicator. Long waiting times prohibit the provision of good services, waste patients’ time, and jeopardise patient satisfaction. Therefore, patient's satisfaction from waiting time plays a significant role in quality assurance and management.

In this qualitative study, 12 secretaries and 12 physicians were selected purposefully. Data was collected through focus groups and analyzed by qualitative methods.

Cultural weakness, lack of integrated appointment systems, public unawareness, and difficulties in access were among the problems listed for private practice in Kerman, Iran. Physicians’ delay and people’s wrong beliefs were other barrieres. The best method of appointment fixing in Kerman seems to be a combination of both the Internet and the interactive voice response.

Developing an appropriate appointment fixing method, informing patients, and obliging all offices to use this method can alleviate the problems related to appointment times in Kerman.