فهرست مطالب saeid goudarzi

The feeling of security is one of the natural human needs, and one of the factors affecting it is the bonding social capital of people. In this regard, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of bonding social capital on the feeling of social security in Kurdistan province.

The method used in this research is a descriptive method of cross-sectional survey type. The statistical population of the research consists of all the citizens of Kurdistan province over 15 years of age, whose number is equal to 1,219,922 people, and according to the table of Krejcie and Morgan, 384 of them were selected as a sample. The sample selection method was multi-stage cluster sampling and the data collection tool was a questionnaire. The face validity of the questionnaire was ensured by the agreement of the judges and its reliability was ensured through Cronbach's alpha test.

The respondents' mean feeling of social security was 3.29 and their bonding social capital mean was 3.73 (range 1 to 5). The findings indicate that the effect of bonding social capital on the feeling of social security (0.415) and its dimensions are life security (0.280), financial (0.383), intellectual (0.166) and moral security (0.281) was significant. Also, the dimensions of bonding social capital, including bonding participation (0.258), bonding trust (0.222), feeling of belonging (0.224), social integration (0.154), education (-0.167) and age (0.272) of the respondents on the feeling of security their society has had a significant effect. In addition, the findings show that there was a significant difference in the respondents' feeling of social security according to their sex.

The results of the research show that in Kurdistan Province, the feeling of social security is on average, but bonding social capital is high, so that 63.8 of the respondents had high or very high bonding social capital. Considering the negative effect of bonding social capital on the social security feeling, it can be said that bonding social capital is a kind of conscious plan to compensate for the inefficiency of bureaucratic organizations.

 In this research, considering the types of relationship between science and religion (conflict, contrast, intersection and contact), the opinions of a number of sociologists have been examined. Theorists such as Comte, Marx, Durkheim, Weber, etc. have a conflicting point of view and believe that with the transition of societies from traditional to modern and the dominance of experimental science and the modern way of thinking, the position of religion in the modern era is weakened and science takes its place. Some other sociologists like Spencer believe in interaction and others like Simmel believe in separation (independence) between science and religion. Habermas's strategy is the interaction of science and religion, and he considers the social life of modern societies impossible in the absence of religion and religious ethics. Giddens is also against the reduction of the influence of religion with the progress of modernity in the modern world, but he proposes religious rethinking. The findings show that there is no single point of view in sociology that can adequately cover all the complexities related to the relationship between science and religion. But it can be said that the views of classical sociologists based on conflict are changing towards the views based on the interaction of science and religion in the later theories of sociology, which is a kind of peaceful coexistence between modernity and science on the one hand and religion on the other.

Health has various dimensions, including mental, physical and social. Social health in society is affected by many factors, including social factors. The aim of this research was to investigate the sociological rate of the social health of working women in hospital and related factors using survey method. The sample size was determined using Cochran's formula of 237 people and the samples were selected using simple random sampling method. In order to collect research data, the Keyes standard questionnaire was used to measure social health and a researcher-made questionnaire was used to measure independent variables. The findings of bivariate analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between the variables of anomie feeling, job satisfaction, feeling of social alienation, societal security feeling, social trust and quality of life with social health. There is also a significant difference between women's social health in terms of job position, level of education and income, but there is no significant difference between women's social health in terms of their marital status. In multivariate analysis using multivariate regression analysis, the findings also showed that there is a significant relationship between the variables of anomie feeling, social trust, societal security feeling, feeling of social alienation and job satisfaction with social health. Research variables have been able to explain 30% of the variance of the social health dependent variable.

ABSTRACTToday, along with human and economic capital, there is another capital called social capital, and the extend of methods and solutions of maintain or strengthening it has attracted the attention of scholars such as Coleman, Putnam, Bourdieu, Fukuyama, Arrow, Baker and… The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between media consumption and social capital among active population (15-64 years old) in Hamedan province by descriptive survey method. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population of this research consisted of all 15-64 year olds in Hamedan province. Using cluster sampling, 384 of them were selected as sample. In general, it can be said that the social capital of active population in Hamedan province was moderate, because the average social capital of respondents was 3 (from the range of 1-5). The mean media consumption by respondents during the week was 40.31. The findings also show that there is a relationship between the independent variables of gender, age, education, place of residence, marital status and media consumption with the dependent variable of social capital. However, there is no relationship between the independent variable of socio-economic class and the dependent variable of social capital.

Development is a process that leads to human domination of nature and the environment, and changes in lifestyle, social relationships, different emotional conditions, and new attitudes. In addition, in developing countries such as Iran, there are problems such as growth in crime commitment which is the result of the confrontation between modernity and adherence to the past traditions and customs. Hamedan province, like other provinces of the country, follows the rule of center-periphery, so that most economic activities are concentrated in Hamedan city. Meanwhile, all the cities of Hamedan province each have different potentials for investment and sustainable development. On the one hand, this situation has caused population movements to the city of Hamedan and on the other hand, it has caused the underdevelopment of other cities in the province. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between development and crime in social, cultural and economic dimensions in Hamadan province by secondary analysis method. The collected data were analyzed using Excel, GIS and SPSS software and different levels of development of the cities of Hamadan province were determined by TOPSIS method. The statistical population in this study is 9 cities of Hamedan province, namely Hamedan, Malayer, Nahavand, Asadabad, Tuyserkan, Bahar, Kaboudar Ahang, Razan and Famenin. Due to the fact that the size of the statistical population is limited (9 cities of the province) and also the number of samples and the statistical population are equal, the census method was used. In terms of development, the city of Hamedan has a favorable situation, the cities of Malayer, Bahar and Nahavand are semi-privileged, the cities of Tuyserkan and Kaboudar Ahang have a low status and the cities of Famenin, Asadabad and Razan have been deprived. In terms of development rank, Hamedan, Malayer and Bahar counties had the highest and Razan, Asadabad and Famenin counties had the lowest development rank among the counties of Hamedan province, respectively. Also, in terms of general crime levels, Hamedan, Malayer and Tuyserkan cities had the highest crime rate and Famenin, Razan and Kaboudar Ahang cities had the lowest crime rate among the cities of Hamedan province, respectively. The findings showed that there is a significant direct relationship between development (and its social, cultural and economic dimensions) and crime (and its social, cultural and economic dimensions). Although economic, social, and cultural development has its benefits, if it is uneven and unequal, it has negative consequences, including an increase in crime .Therefore, it can be said that development in the cities of Hamadan province has ominous fruit of the spread of crime. In this regard, it is necessary to analyze the place of criminal policies and policies in macro development programs, crime reduction as one of the main issues in achieving development goals and greater synergy and convergence of criminal policies and development to be considered by planners and policy makers.

Abstract

A security feeling is a multidimensional phenomenon that would not be possible without the security feeling among individuals within a society, development of society will be impossible. One of the prerequisites for creating a security feeling is the feeling of equality among individuals in society. This study investigates factors related to security feeling with emphasis on inequality feeling.

This research is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of method is cross-sectional survey. The statistical population of the research consisted of individuals over 18 years old in Lorestan province who were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. Questionnaire was also used for data collection.

The mean feeling of inequality was 2.80 and the mean security feeling was 2.93 (range 1 to 5). Findings show that variables such as age, gender, marital status, education, type of attitude towards police performance, social capital, amount of religiosity, use of mass media, inequality feeling and its dimensions were related to security feeling. The results of multivariate analysis also show that except for six independent variables, marital status, education, attitude to police performance, social capital, use of mass media, and on inequality feeling, other variables were excluded from the regression equation due to common variance. These variables explained 0.544 of the variance of security feeling.

This research showed that amount of inequality feeling and security feeling in Lorestan province was moderate. Also, the most important independent variable in explaining the dependent variable was the inequality feeling. Therefore, it can be said that increasing the equality feeling of individuals in society can have an effective role in increase their security feeling.

Today, the importance of security for society is not hidden from anyone. Security has two objective and subjective dimensions (sense of security). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of social variables related to police on sense of social security in Hamadan province.

The research method was correlational and data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population of this study consisted of all residents of Hamadan province. 576 individuals were selected using cluster sampling method.

The findings showed that the sense of social security in Hamadan province was at an average level with the mean value of 3.05. Respondents had the highest sense of security in terms of finance (3.17), life (3.137), occupation (3.008) and ethics (2.784), respectively. Findings showed the relationship between the variables of crime prevention by police (β = 0.27), police social services (β = 0.12), satisfaction with police (β = 0.15), police cooperation and participation (β = 0.23), trust in police (β = 0.10), and sense of anomie (β = -0.22) with a sense of social security. In multivariate analysis, the studied variables explained 47% of the variance in the sense of social security (  = 0.47).

Police social capital and police empowerment and social activity are directly correlated with increased sense of social security among citizens, and as these social variables related to police increase, citizens' sense of security increases.

One of the subjects that are considered by sociology is explaining the change of social framework of identity in contemporary societies.Lifestyle by creating reconstructing, reflective and selective power features for people, integrated identity have made fairly steady traditional belongings challenged and reduced and various and numerous sources for identifying and creating belongings, commitments and also distinctions and recognizing identities. This study is based on explaining the relation between lifestyle and identity in two ethnical and national dimensions. In this study survey and questionnaire have been used for collecting data. By using formula and sampling proportionate with 1066 people have been selected as a statistical sample. Investigating results indicates that lifestyle impacts on identity, both in ethnical and national dimensions. Explanation through multi-variables regression shows that lifestyle 68% from ethnical identity and 48% from national identity explaining national identity as dependent variable.

Security has two dimensions of subjective (security feeling) and objective. There are preconditions for security feeling in society that one of the preconditions, the existence of security in the society. These levels are linked together and the interaction between these two levels of objective and subjective that security in the society is achieved.Therefore, in this article we have tried to explanation the interaction between micro and macro levels of security in the country. Level of analysis in the present research is the micro and macro levels. The Statistical population of the research is the individuals older than 15 in the five provinces of Isfahan, Tehran, Kurdistan, Lorestan, and Khuzestan, That the number of 1920 of them were selected as sample using multistage cluster sampling. To select provinces, the provinces with according to the security it divided into the four clusters and then by simple random method chosen five provinces of the clusters.The research method is cross-sectional survey and secondary analysis. Also a questionnaire and secondary data are used as the tools of data collection. The research methods used was a survey (in the study security feeling) and secondary analysis (in the study of security provinces). The findings show that the amount of security feeling in all aspects is lower middle scale. Also, the findings of this study show that there is a meaningful relationship between variables of security (and social, cultural, economic dimensions of security), religion, ethnicity, geographic region, sex, marital status, age and educational with dependent variable of security feeling. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that all independent variables except four variable, security, geographic region, religion and age, have been removed from the regression equation due to shared variance. These variables to explain a total of 0.093 of the variation have security feeling. In terms of security in macro level, respectively provinces of Tehran (0.564), Isfahan (0.440), Kurdistan (0.422), Lorestan (0.403) and Khuzestan (0.393) have a mean more. Also the frontier provinces (Kurdistan and Khuzestan) with a mean of 0.40 compared to non- frontier provinces (Tehran, Isfahan and Lorestan) with a mean of 0.46 securities, in macro level were less security. According to the findings can be concluded that security feeling is due to the direct and indirect experience individuals from their surrounding environment and facilities that social system structure (objective and macro security level) puts at their disposal.The security feeling is a social production and social institutions, political, economic, cultural in macro level in the formation of are shared and security in micro level is reflections for security in macro level.

A new competitive immunochromatography (ICG) strip test based on polyclonal antibody (pAb) conjugated with gold nanoparticles (NPs) was developed and its applications for primary screening of immunoglobulin (Ig) A in serum were evaluated. Nanocolloidal gold as the detection reagent, with an average particle diameter of 20 nm, was synthesized and labelled pAb.The antibody-nanocolloidal gold probe was applied on the conjugate pad, and human IgA was immobilized on a nitrocellulose membrane as the capture reagent to prepare the ICG strip test. It took only 10 minutes to accomplish a semi-quantitative detection of serum IgA in this assay.In the optimized investigational conditions, the ICG strip test could distinguish human serum IgA in the range from 1 to 270 ng/mL with a detection limit of 5 ng/mL.The reliability of testing procedures was examined by performing the ICG strip test with 11 serum samples and comparing the results with those obtained via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The ICG strip was sufficiently sensitive and accurate for a rapid screening of IgA in human serum.