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Adequate endometrial growth is principal for implantation and pregnancy. Thin endometrium is associated with lower pregnancy rate in assisted reproductive technology. Some frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles are cancelled due to inadequate endometrial growth.

To assess the effectiveness of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) intrauterine infusion for the treatment of thin endometrium.

A total of 72 patients who had a history of cancelled frozenthawed embryo transfer cycle due to the thin endometrium (< 7mm) were assessed for the eligibility to enter the study between 2016 and 2017. Twelve patients were excluded for different reasons, and 60 included patients were randomly assigned to PRP or sham-catheter groups in a double-blind manner. Hormone replacement therapy was administered for endometrial preparation in all participants. PRP intrauterine infusion or shamcatheter was performed on day 11-12 due to the thin endometrium and it was repeated after 48 hr if necessary.

Endometrial thickness increased at 48 hr after the first intervention in both groups. All participants needed second intervention due to an inadequate endometrial expansion. After second intervention, endometrial thickness was 7.21 ± 0.18 and 5.76± 0.97 mm in the PRP group and sham catheter group, respectively. There was a significant difference between the two groups. (p < 0.001). Embryo transfer was done for all patients in PRP group and just in six cases in the sham-catheter group. Chemical pregnancy was reported in twelve cases in the PRP group and two cases in the shamcatheter group.

According to this trial, PRP was effective in endometrial expansion in patients with refractory thin endometrium.

Repeated implantation failure (RIF) is a major challenge in reproductive medicine and despite several methods that have been described for management, there is little consensus on the most effective one.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma in improvement of pregnancy rate in RIF patients.

Twenty women with a history of RIF who were candidates for frozen-thawed embryo transfer were recruited in this study. Intrauterine infusion of 0.5 ml of platelet-rich plasma that contained platelet 4-5 times more than peripheral blood sample was performed 48 hrs before blastocyst transfer.

Eighteen participants were pregnant with one early miscarriage and one molar pregnancy. Sixteen clinical pregnancies were recorded and their pregnancies are ongoing.

According to this study, it seems that platelet-rich plasma is effective in improvement of pregnancy outcome in RIF patients.

Introduction & Sodium arsenite disturbs the differentiation of adult rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) to Osteoblast through oxidative stress. We aimed to investigate the preventive effect of vitamin E, a strong antioxidant, in sodium arsenite toxicity on rMSCs differentiation to osteoblast. rMSCs were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagles Medium containing 15% Fetal Bovine Serum and divided into: control, sodium arsenite (20 nM), vitamin E (50 µM) and sodium arsenite + vitamin E for 21 days in the osteogenic media containing 10% of fetal bovine serum. Cell viability, bone matrix mineralization, intercellular and extracellular calcium, alkaline phosphatase activity, DNA damage and cell morphological changes were evaluated. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test and means were considered significantly different at P<0.05. Cell viability, bone matrix mineralization, calcium deposition, alkaline phosphatase activity and nuclei diameter decreased significantly in the sodium arsenite group. The mentioned parameters increased significantly in cells treated with sodium arsenite + vitamin E to the control level (P<0.05). Cytoplasmic extensions were also observed in the vitamin E group. Vitamin E reduces sodium arsenite toxicity, increasing osteogenic differentiation in rMSCs.