shahrbanoo dehrouyeh

This study examines the relationship between religious beliefs, and teachers' optimism and professional ethics with the mediating role of the concept of God within a causal model framework.

This study is applied in nature and descriptive-correlational in terms of research method. The statistical population included all high school teachers in Behshahr, Iran, during the 2023-2024 academic year, totaling 850 teachers. A stratified sampling method based on gender was used to select 265 participants. Data were collected using standard questionnaires: Kusworo’s Professional Ethics (1998), Scheer & Carver’s Optimism (1994), Najafi’s Religious Beliefs (2006), and Mazaheri et al.'s Concept of God (2005). Data were analyzed using SPSS-28 and PLS3.8 software.

The findings indicated that the total effect coefficient of religious beliefs on teachers’ professional ethics with the mediating role of the concept of God was 0.507, indicating that the mediating role of the concept of God in the relationship between religious beliefs and professional ethics is significant. Additionally, the total effect coefficient of religious beliefs on teachers’ optimism with the mediating role of the concept of God was 0.706, indicating that the mediating role of the concept of God in the relationship between religious beliefs and optimism is also significant. Therefore, at a 95% confidence level, the mediating effect of the concept of God in the relationship between religious beliefs and both professional ethics and optimism can be confirmed.

According to the findings of this study, it can be concluded that by strengthening religious beliefs and fostering a positive concept of God among teachers, their levels of optimism and professional ethics can be improved.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of problem solving training on life orientation, positive and negative emotions, and learned helplessness in incompatible couples in Qaemshahr city.

The method of the present research was an experiment and a quasi-experimental research design with a control group. The statistical population included all couples who referred to counseling centers in Qaemshahr city in 2023. 30 couples were selected as a sample using available sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). Then, the subjects of the experimental group received problem solving training during 8 sessions of 60 minutes. In order to collect data from life orientation questionnaires (Shier and Carver, 1994), positive and negative affect (Watson et al., 1988) and learned helplessness (Quinless and Nilsson, 1988) in two stages before and after training in both groups (experiment and control) were used.

The findings from the analysis of covariance test showed that problem solving training improved optimism in life orientation, increased positive emotion, and reduced learned helplessness in the tested group (p=0.05).
 

According to the findings of the present research, in the field of therapy and counseling of incompatible couples, training in problem solving for the compatibility of couples and solving their conflicts; It looks very efficient and promising.

The aim of this study was structural model of family communication patterns on academic performance by mediating identity styles in students. Correlation research method was structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study included all male students of ninth grade in Ghaemshahr city in the second semester of 2018-2019. In this study, 330 people were selected as the available sample size (considering that all students participated in English language classes). In order to collect data, Fam and Taylor Academic Performance Questionnaire (EPT), Berzonsky Identity Style Scale (ISI-6G) were used. Structural equations with SPSS18 and AMOS23 software were used to analyze the data. The results showed that parental perfectionism, family communication patterns, perceived psychological pressure, resilience, procrastination and identity style had a direct and significant effect on academic performance and also indirect effect of parental perfectionism, family communication patterns, perceived psychological pressure, resilience and procrastination mediated by identity style on academic performance were confirmed. The present study indicates the importance of cognitive factors such as perceived psychological pressure, identity style, resilience, parental perfectionism and prioritisation and social factors such as family communication patterns in explaining academic performance.

The aim of this study was structural model of parental perfectionism and perceived psychological pressure with academic performance with the mediating role of identity styles in students. Correlation research method was structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study was all male students of ninth grade in Ghaemshahr city in the second semester of 2018-2019. A total of 330 people were selected as the sample size by available method. To collect data, Fam and Taylor's academic performance questionnaire (EPT), Tehran Multidimensional Perfectionism Inventory (TMPS), Berzonsky Identity Style Scale (ISI-6G) were used. Structural equations with SPSS18 and AMOS23 software were used to analyze the data. The results showed that parental perfectionism, family communication patterns, perceived psychological pressure, resilience, procrastination and identity style had a direct and significant effect on academic performance and also indirect effect of parental perfectionism, family communication patterns, perceived psychological pressure, resilience and procrastination mediated by identity style on academic performance were confirmed. The present study indicates the importance of cognitive factors such as perceived psychological pressure, identity style, resilience, parental perfectionism and procrastination and social factors such as family communication patterns in explaining academic performance.

Obesity is a medical condition in which excess fat tissue has accumulated in a person's body. Excessive accumulation of adipose tissue can cause a decline in health indicators, including reducing life expectancy or decreased quality of life.

This study aimed to evaluate dialectical behavior therapy's effectiveness on emotion regulation, food cravings, and body mass index of obese female students.

The present study method was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test design, and follow-up with a control group. The study's statistical population included all female students in the first year of high school in Sari in the academic year 2019-20 with obesity referred to endocrinology and obesity centers. The sample consisted of 24 obese female students selected by the convenience sampling method, considered the entry and exit criteria to the study, and randomly assigned them to experimental and control groups. The obesity craving questionnaire and emotion regulation scale were used to collect data. The collected data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance with SPSS-25 software.

The results showed that dialectical behavior therapy had an effect on the components of emotion regulation, body mass index, food craving, and this result was significant up to the follow-up stage (p<0.01).

It can be concluded that dialectical behavior therapy reduces negative emotions in obese people and, according to one of the main factors of craving, is negative emotions; effective emotion regulation can reduce craving. As a result, it causes weight loss in obese female students.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that destroys the nervous and central systems and is the main cause of non-traumatic neurological disability in adults. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) in anxiety, rumination and fatigue in women with MS.

The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included all women with MS who were covered by the MS Association of Mazandaran province in 2021. The sample of this study was 30 women from the statistical population who were selected based on inclusion criteria and then randomly divided into two groups of 15 people. Data collection tools in this study included the Zung Anxiety Questionnaire, the Nolen-Hoeksema & Morrow rumination questionnaire, and the Krupp & Pollina fatigue questionnaire. Then, Therapeutic interventions (MBCT) were performed on the experimental group during 8 sessions, 90-minutes each session, once a week. The control group did not receive any training. Data were analyzed by SPSS22 software using multivariate analysis of covariance

The findings revealed that the mean scores of anxiety and rumination were significantly reduced compared to the control group (p<0/001). However, no significant decrease was observed in fatigue scores compared to the control group (p>0/05).

Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that MBCT reduces anxiety and rumination in women with MS but does not have any effects on their fatigue.

Special Learning Disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder which is considered to be from biological origin and causes abnormalities at the cognitive level. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of emotion regulation-based cognitive therapy and transcranial direct current stimulation on impulsivity of students with special learning disorders. This study was quasi-experimental and based on a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The participants were the second elementary school (fourth, fifth, and sixth grades) pupils with particular learning difficulties and were enrolled in Tabriz schools, Tabriz, Iran during the academic year 2019–2020. 54 students with unique learning difficulties who were randomly chosen from among those with exceptional learning disorders and allocated to three groups made up the study sample. The first experiment group underwent cognitive regulation therapy based on the emotion regulation for eight sessions of 45 minutes per week; the second experiment group received 20 sessions of direct transcranial Current stimulation on a daily basis, and the control group did not receive any treatment. Colorado Learning Disorder Questionnaire and the Barratt Impulsivity Scale were used to collect data. The collected data were analyzed using a Univariate analysis of covariance with SPSS version 22. Based on the demographic findings, the mean age and standard deviation of the cognitive therapy group based on emotion regulation was 11.05±0.872, in the direct transcranial electrical stimulation group was 10.83±0.83 and in the control group was 11.11±0.8. The results showed that both cognitive emotion regulation treatments and transcranial direct electrical stimulation had an effect on the components of impulsivity, motor impulsivity (P=0.012), impulsivity Cognitive (P=0.001), and lack of planning (P=0.001). However, transcranial direct electrical stimulation had a greater effect on the cognitive impulsivity component of students with specific learning disorders. It can be concluded that direct transcranial stimulation can have a greater effect on cognitive impulsivity.

Obesity is one of the most important human problems that endangers physical and mental health. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of “Attachment-Based Therapy” and “Dialectical Behavior Therapy” on food response styles and food cravings in adolescent girls with obesity.

The method of the present study was quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test design. The statistical population included all female high school students in Sari in the academic year 2009-2010. The study sample consisted of 36 adolescent girls with obesity who were selected by lottery by simple random sampling method and by simple random sampling in 3 groups including, the first group under Attachment-Based Therapy”, the second group under “Dialectical Behavior Therapy" and follow-up (2 months) and control group were included. Data were collected using the “Food Response Styles Scale” and the “Food-Cravings Questionnaire”. The validity of the instruments was not measured and was limited to previous studies and the reliability by the internal consistency method by calculating the Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficient. Both intervention groups received training intervention in 10 sessions (90 minutes) Data were analyzed using SPSS. 23. 

Both treatments were associated with significant effectiveness in food response styles and food cravings (P<0.01). The results also showed that "Dialectical Behavior Therapy" was more effective than “Attachment-Based Therapy” in food response styles and food cravings. The results of 2-month follow-up of the intervention showed the stability of treatment (P <0.01).

Both “Attachment-Based Therapy” and "Dialectical Behavior Therapy " are effective on food response styles and food cravings in adolescent girls with obesity. Therefore, it is suggested that the above methods be used in endocrine and obesity treatment centers for adolescents with obesity.

Academic burnout is a serious threat that can affect any student’s academic life, especially nursing students. Sleep quality and a healthy lifestyle are variables are related to academic burnout. This study aimed to predict undergraduate nursing students’ academic burnout based on sleep quality and lifestyle.

The study was descriptive and correlational in design. The statistical population included all undergraduate nursing students of the Razi School of Nursing and Midwifery at the Kerman University of Medical Sciences (Kerman, Iran; 2016-2017 academic year). Of 270 students,143 students were selected using a random cluster sampling method. The Academic Burnout Questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the LifeStyle Inventory were used to collect data. A linear regression analysis using the enter method was employed for data analysis.

There was a significantly positive correlation between students’ academic burnout and total PSQI score (P = 0.000, r = 0.547) and some of its sub-scales, including subjective sleep quality (P = 0.000, r = 0.607), sleep latency (P = 0.019, r = 0.196), sleep duration (P = 0.014, r = 0.206), sleep disturbance (P = 0.000, r = 0.346), and daytime dysfunction due to sleepiness (P = 0.000, r = 0.654). Conversely, the relationship between students’ academic burnout and healthy lifestyle was negatively significant (P = 0.000, r = -0.507). Thus, the potential for undergraduate nursing students’ academic burnout can be predicted by sleep quality and lifestyle (P = 0.000, F = 23.480).

By improving sleep quality and living a healthier lifestyle, students may be less likely to experience academic burnout.

Obesity causes physical, psychological and even emotional problems and these conditions can change body mass index, craving and even emotion regulation, so the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of attachment-based intervention in body mass index, emotion regulation and food-cravings obese adolescent girls.

The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with a control group and a two-month follow-up. The statistical population of this study was all female students with obesity and referring to endocrinology and obesity centers in Sari in 2019. From the target population, 24 subjects were selected by available sampling method and based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups according to the lottery. The research instruments included Body Mass Index (BMI), emotion regulation questionnaire of Gratz and Roemer (2004) and Food-Cravings questionnaire of Cepeda-Benito et al. (2000). The experimental group underwent attachment-based treatment in 10 sessions of 90 minutes for two months. From both experimental and control groups before the intervention; Pre-test, termination of intervention; Post-test and again two months after the intervention; Follow-up received. The results were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance and chi-square with SPSS 18 software.

The result of the mean index in the body mass index in the pre-test was 32.52, and the post-test was 30.94. , Follow-up is 30.11, inthe experimental group in food cravings in the pre-test were 119.91, the post-test was 103.41, and the follow-up was 102.91. In emotion regulation, the pre-test is 126.32, the post-test is 111.25, and the follow-up is 111.45. The results showed that Attachment-Based Intervention in variables; body mass index (p<0.001, F=27.344), craving food (p< 0.001, F=54.174) and regulating emotion (p< 0.001, F=69.668) has a significant effect. In general, there is a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test of the experimental group in the intervention process according to the control group (P <0.01). Also, the follow-up study showed the stability of the intervention.

The results of this study emphasize the importance of food attachment in obese people, which can provide practical implications for therapists to reduce food craving, emotion regulation and improve body mass in obese female adolescents.

The present research aims to study the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the persistence Scale.  Persian version of the measure persistence Using Double translation technique on 460 individuals (230 male and 230 female) students Schools in Hamadan were implemented in the academic year 2018-19. Cronbach's alpha range (69% until 77%) revealed that Persian version of the persistence assessment tool and subscales had good internal consistency. Also, Item scores and the total score of the corresponding subscales correlated significantly. The test-retest coefficients (72% until 80%) Represents the stability scale. Exploratory factor analysis model supported of persian version of the persistence assessment tool. There are certain patterns of correlations between subscales of the Persian version of the persistence assessment tool with resilience and procrastination showed good criterion validity of the scale. According to the desirable psychometric properties this questionnaire is a useful tool for measuring persistence.

The aim of this study was to investigate the cognitive emotion regulation and behavioral problems in children with specific learning disorders (reading, writing and mathematics deficits).

This causal-comparative study was conducted, among the statistical population of primary school boys (7-12 years old) from 2015 to 2017 in Hamadan and Arak; of which 120 children (30 with math learning disorder, 30 with reading disorder, 30 with Writing disorder and 30 children without any learning disability were selected through purposeful sampling and considering inclusion criteria for entering and leaving the study. The Reading Disorders List, Iran Kaymat's Math Test, Dyslexia writing disorder test, Conner's Behavioral Problem Questionnaire, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire for children were used to assess the participants.

It was revealed that all the three the group had learning disorders comparing to the normal group, with a significant difference between the lesser number of positive emotion regulation strategies and the higher rate of negative emotional regulation strategies and behavioral problems. Also reading disorder groups was significantly different from the two groups of math and writing disorders and was highly associated with most of the negative emotional strategies and behavioral problems.

The findings of this study provide evidence of emotional and behavioral adjustment problems in students with learning disorders. Therefore, psychological interventions should be considered to improve and correct the behavioral problems and emotion regulation of these children.