sina amini zadeh

One of the elements claimed for the strength of a country's political system is the existence of political parties. It is acceptable for parties to act with a secular worldview because there is a kind of political worldview convergence between the party and party activists in these societies, in other words, the basis and thought of the existence of the party and its structures are well designed, which has party behavior at levels. implements culture. Are the epistemic resources of Iranian parties the same as the epistemic resources of modern (western) parties? If they are the same, what is the contribution of each knowledge? The answers to the above questions need to be analyzed at the epistemological level. To analyze the level of knowledge, party documents (selected) and semi-structured interviews with party activists have been used in the form of thematic analysis. Purposive sampling has been done from the parties registered in the Ministry of Interior. The results of the research show similarities in The use of epistemic sources (homologous) in parties and the political space of romanticism has every epistemic reference among the parties and the space of political romanticism. This phenomenon itself is caused by the centrality of intuitive knowledge at the high theoretical level of party formation and political activism. which causes the intensification of the atmosphere of political romanticism in its political and social proposal, which is the opposite of the existence of the fact that the atmosphere of romance is also based on intuitive epistemological references.

The present research is entitled to examine the relationship between national identity variables and personality dimensions. It was conducted among married women teachers in Kerman City with a statistical population of 5000 people. This research aims to explain the dimension of national identity in personal dimensions. The sample size was estimated to be 274 people based on the Weir cluster method according to Morgan's table. The findings show that national identity has a significant relationship with personal dimensions. Pearson's test was used to measure the relationship, and structural equations were used to investigate the main hypothesis under the title of examining the relationship between national identity and personality dimensions. The fit of the model is acceptable. The results show that national identity can explain 63% of personal dimensions according to the dimensions presented by Halt and Claire (economic, heritage, belief, cultural, and religious). It has an effect coefficient of up to 79% on personality dimensions. In the measurement model, all dimensions have a strong significant relationship with a positive direction.

The main question of this research is, what is the relationship between trust to cyber social networks and social trust factors and institutional trust among students? The main hypothesis is that trust on social networks (facebook, twitter and etc) has meaningful impact on factors of social trust (family and religious & national identity) and institutional trust in two levels of government and civil institutions. The overall finding of this study shows that in the form of structural equations, 38% of the dependent variable,means institutional trust, was determined by independent variables, means trust in the social network and the mediating variables of social factors (family, national identity, and religious identity).Trust in social networks has a 26% negative effect on social factors of trust specially national identity, and this decrease in social trust also reduces institutional trust specially in governmental- sovereignty level. Among the components of social factors, national identity has the most negative impact on social networks with 23%; among institutional components, trust in political institutions indirectly has the highest negative impact on 14% of social networks, ultimately the main hypothesis of this research is proved.

It is essential to have a suitable instrument for the accurate assessments of pain and disability outcomes during interventions; such tools also help to guide hand surgery and rehabilitation programs in distal radius or scaphoid fracture. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric features of the Patient-rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) questionnaire in Iranians with a history of scaphoid and distal radius fractures.

One hundred and fifty subjects with a history of scaphoid and distal radius fractures were recruited from hospital-based outpatient hand clinics and completed the PRWE, 2 and 7 days after the occurrence of fracture. Additionally, the Quick-Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (Quick-DASH), the percentage of Wrist Range of Motion (%ROM), Visual Analog Scale Pain/Disability (VAS-P, VAS-D), Short-form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaires, and pinch and grip strength (%) were conducted in the study participants. Cronbach’s alpha (α) coefficient and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) were used to evaluate the internal consistency and test-retest reliability of the scale, respectively. Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficient was calculated for assessing the test’s construct validity.

No floor or ceiling effect was found. A very high test-retest reliability was obtained for the PRWE’s total score and subscores (ICC≥0.92). Cronbach’s α coefficient was obtained as ≥0.78 for the PRWE and its subscales. The PRWE total score presented a weak to strong (0.24-0.74) correlation with the average values of %ROM, %power grip, %pinch strength, VAS-P, VAS-D, SF-36, and Quick-DASH. The standard error of the measurement of PRWE total score equaled 3.93; its smallest real difference was 10.86. 

The PRWE presented acceptable validity and excellent reliability for measuring disability and pain in individuals with the scaphoid and distal radius fractures in Iran.

Citizenship rights with political, civic and social dimensions are the fundamental elements of democracy and political development. This research has been done with aim of critical reappraisal of newspapers contents in Iran about human rights. In this study, Shargh and Keyhan are two case studies belong to reformist and conservatives as to important streamline in Iran. The methodology is quantitative content analysis. The main questions are: how and how much have been the performance of these newspapers in pay attention to and informing of audience to cognitive and practical- objective indexes of human rights? By the means, what are the viewpoints of elites about this performance of newspapers? The main findings of this study follow that: these newspapers have not done their role well and preferable in promotion of human rights due to the reasons such as: fractional and political dependencies, intellectual and financial dependency, none transparency, censorship, unfairness in speech, false and politicized analyses and informing functions and neglecting of professional ethics in journalism and then, have been faced to legitimacy crisis and challenges in views of public opinions and peoples.

At present, one of the pillars claimed to be capable of empowering a country's political system is the existence of political parties. Parties, especially in countries with a secular worldview, have so far performed well because there is a convergence of political worldview between the party and party activists in the community that facilitates the process of political development from the point of view of Western scholars. This research is an attempt to analyze and compare the parties' intellectual and paradigmatic foundations with the interviews of the activists of the three post-revolutionary parties (mitalefe eslami, kargozaran, rohaniat mobarez ). The statistical population of the study is all parties registered in the Ministry until 1397. The two parties were elected according to elite opinion. The method of analysis is qualitative content analysis by maxqdo 12 software. The results show thatThe results show that the party document is not in line with the interviews with party activists and We see the paradigmatic confusion in the document and the interview of the party activists. None of the parties has used a specific paradigm. Of course, the intellectual foundations used in the parties all have a secular approach that is incompatible with the notions of the Islamic system and the intellectual and practical aims of the Islamic Revolution.

The present study has investigated the relationship between new communication technology and the mediating role of national, religious identity on security-dependent variables. The statistical population of this study is the students of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. The sample size was estimated to be 380 people using the classification sampling method according to the classification nature of the statistical population. Data were collected by using a questionnaire. Reliability and Validity were obtained with the help of Alpha Cronbach test and formal validity, and also AMOS software was used to validate the research model. Analysis of the data shows that national and religious identities can play a mediating role between the media and security. What is noteworthy is that modern communication technology has a positive effect on security, but when religious and national identities are mediated, the impact of the media on security becomes negative. This relationship shows the negative impact of satellite media on national-religious identity, which in turn has a negative impact on security. Keywords

Creating parties in the political space of countries is very necessary. Parties are important in the field of elections because they reflect the political orientation and practical direction of the political system. The present study is an attempt to analyze the intellectual and paradigmatic foundations of two post-revolutionary parties (jomhoori eslami, kargozaran). The statistical population of the study is all parties registered in the Ministry until 1397. The two parties were elected according to elite opinion. The method of analysis is qualitative content analysis by maxqdo 12 software. The results show that the interpretive paradigm has a greater share in kargozaran party and And the critical paradigm has greater share in jomhoori eslami party. We also see the absence of a program based on a particular paradigm within the party, but also a mix of paradigmatic elements (interpretive, critical, interpretive) in the formulation of party agendas. 

Political participation is one of the most important signs of political development, which its quality and format differs from society to society. The realization of institutionalization and political participation requires the preparation of the psycho-social, cultural, economic and political conditions of each society. The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of effective social and cultural factors, such as media, associations, social networks and friendship groups, on the political participation of students in political and party organizations. Quantitative and qualitative studies have shown that modern and classical media have been influential in political parties and political and civil formations. Today, modern communication and information technologies are considered as the driving engine of political, economic and cultural globalization and the spread of democracy     The research method is quantitative by using a questionnaire technique. Political participation is one of the fundamental requirements of citizenship and is one of the indispensable necessities of the political system in the twenty-first century and one of the main indicators of political development. This research is also based on a survey method and a questionnaire technique for collecting data and information. Dependent variable and some independent variables are measured based on the Likert spectrum. SPSS software was used to analyze the data; In order to extract the effect of each independent and intermediate variables on the dependent variable, Amos 22 software was used to analyze the paths. The statistical population in this study was Shiraz University students whose number in the academic year (1396) was about 16 thousand.   The present research try to answer this question that which one of the below factors (mass media, both classical and new, domestic and international, social networks and factors or social variables such as friends' groups and membership and cooperation with associations) has the most effect on the young people's political orientation and participation in parties and political organizations? The findings of present research indicate that the effects of media and virtual network with the intermediation of the association and friends on political participation are generally significant, up to the virtual network 0.110 and its lower limit is 0.040 that are both directional and its coefficient is 0.01. Also, the internal media has upper limit 0.0257 and bottom limit 0.0127 and significant is 0.01. The external media also has a high level of 0.042 and a low of 0.005 and its significant coefficient is equal to 0.02, which confirms the assumption that associations and friends have a mediating role in relation to the predictor variables of political participation. All relationships are meaningful. Internal media has the most impact on the community. The impact of it is 0.603, as well as the virtual network, has the highest impact after the medium, with a coefficient of 0.476. Interestingly, the virtual network has the greatest impact on political participation among variables. The group also has a significant impact (0.288) on the political participation. The results of the research indicate that, respectively, access and active communication with social networks in cyberspace, group friends, membership in civic and voluntary associations, domestic media and, ultimately, foreign media (radio and satellite television) on the tendencies and political participation of students at Shiraz University in political parties and political organizations have a positive and meaningful effect. The important role here is that the influence of the media on associations and friends that interfere with political participation. Of course, media are also directly affected. The importance of the media in the world today, especially in the broader field of policy, can be very effective in the process of community participation, especially political participation.

Femoral head osteonecrosis is a progressive disease with disabling outcomes in hip joint if not treated. This study was designed to compare the effects of zoledronic acid plus vitamin E versus zoledronic acid alone in surgical induced femoral head osteonecrosis in rabbits. 26 Japanese white adult normal male rabbits at 28-32 weeks old were undertaken surgical femoral dislocation to devastate the femoral neck vessels; the femoral neck vessels were ligated and the hip was relocated. Next, the first 10 rabbits received zoledronic acid injections at 1st and the 4th weeks; the second group (10 rabbits) received zoledronic acid injections at 1st and the 4th week along with daily oral vitamin E for 12 weeks; and the third group was considered as non-treated control group. Radiographic and postmortem pathological assessments including the Ficat classification, epiphyseal quotient (EQ), new bone formation, and residual necrotic bone (RNB) were performed and compared after week 12. A significant difference was found between the combination therapy group and the control group in Ficat classification at 12th weeks (P=0.048), but, the difference between monotherapy and combination therapy groups at 12th weeks was nonsignificant (P=0.37). Also, both treated groups had significant difference with the control group for RNB (P=0.015). There were no significant differences between the three groups for Ficat classification at the 6th week (P=0.65); EQ at 6th (P=0.59) and 12th week (P=0.64); and NBF (P=0.55). Although zoledronic acid therapy along with vitamin E could improve some radiologic and pathological indices related to femoral head osteonecrosis, vitamin E showed a relative impact.
Level of evidence: I

The present research studies the relationship between presence and interaction in virtual social networks and religious identity. This research is conducted in a survey method through stratified sampling. The statistical population of the study is the students of Sistan and Baluchestan University in the academic year 1393-1394 and the sample size is estimated using Cochran formula 400. Reliability and validity were obtained using Cronbach's alpha and formal validity. Also, for testing the validity of the research model, Amos software was used. Analysis of the findings shows that there is a significant negative relationship between religious identity in all its dimensions, ie, dimensional dimension, empirical dimension, religious dimension, ritual dimension, cognitive dimension and consequential dimension with Internet usage, membership in virtual social networks and the use of virtual social networks. In analyzing the structural equation model that was done using Amos, two variables such as Internet usage and the use of virtual social networks had a significant negative effect on religious identity. But the membership variable in virtual social networks did not have a significant effect on religious identity. Also, two variables observable virtual social network usage and Internet usage has a negative impact factor coefficient -0/135 and -0/175 on religious identity. In general, given the findings of this study can be concluded that virtual social networks, undermining their religious identity in all dimensions.

Graphic design of posters and photographs in the election field is important. This method is used for capturing and holding the audience’s attention. One of the most important things that candidates use for capturing and holding the audience’s attention is national identity. For example, with using the national identity in the electoral posters can change the cultural orientation in audiences. So, the aim of this project is to reveal the importance of graphic design of the posters of Shiraz elections in the demonstration of national identity. The statistical population of this research was the posters of Shiraz elections (city council) that were analyzed by method of text quality analysis and layer-to-analytical method (200 works). In sum, it has been concluded that in the graphic design of electoral posters of Shiraz; social, religious, and cultural dimensions are the most used components that are used in demonstrating the national identity.

During a total knee arthroplasty, it is common to make a distal femoral cut based on the femoral mechanical-anatomical angle (FMA), which in most patients is six degrees. However, in patients with a higher FMA, there is not yet a consensus between surgeons regarding the degree of the cutting angle.
The aim of this study is to assess the treatment outcomes of patients with a FMA of more than seven degrees who were treated by distal femoral cuts of six degrees during a total knee arthroplasty.
We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and radiological results of patients who were treated at our center by a conventional valgus cut of six degrees during a total knee arthroplasty and had a FMA of more than seven degrees. A knee society score (KSS) was completed for all patients during follow-up visits.
A total of 31 cases with knee osteoarthritis and a FMA of more than seven degrees were enrolled in this study. The cases consisted of 8 men and 23 women with an average age of 65.41 (range 46 - 77 years) (SD ± 7.61) years and a mean follow-up time of 11.51 months (range 3 - 24 months) (SD ± 6.08). The mean KSS was 148.51 (SD ± 7.43), (range 132 to 167), which is considered good. There was a statistically significant relationship between the lateral distal femoral angle (LDFA) and FMA. However, there was not a statistically significant correlation between LDFA and KSS.
Although the overall alignment of the lower extremity in our patients was in varus, this amount of varus does not prove to have an effect on the outcome.

The following study was carried out in order to translate, cultural adaptation, and determine the content and face validity of the “Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation” questionnaire with the aim of evaluating the two components of pain and disability in patients with wrist injuries.
Material and The methodology of this survey was non-experimental study. After translation and cultural adaptation according to the Beaton method (approved by the American Surgeon Association), the pilot test was performed on patients with wrist injuries (fractures of the distal radius, scaphoid fractures and carpal tunnel syndrome). To assess content and face validity, the questionnaire was given to 10 specialists (6 of whom were occupational therapists, 2 were physiotherapists, and 2 were orthopaedic surgeons), and 20 patients with wrist injuries.
The qualitative content and face validity of the questionnaire for wrist injuries was appropriately reported good. Each item of the content validity ratio was slightly higher than 0.75 and this justified the necessity to include all items. Each item of the content validity index was slightly higher than 0.79. Therefore, all the items were approved in terms of their simplicity, clarity, and relevance. The impact score in order to evaluate the importance of each item was calculated and all were higher than 1.5. Therefore, in terms of face validity all the items were approved.
The results showed that the Persian version of the “Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation” questionnaire for evaluating the pain and disability of wrist injuries was indeed satisfactory, in terms of it’s content and face validity, thus it can be used in patients by specialists and therapists.

This quantitative study, has investigated relationship between national and religious identities (as independent variables) and global identity (as dependent variable). Statistical population of this study consists students of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. Sample size estimated 380 students which were selected via stratified random sampling based on the stratified identity of the statistical population. Data were collected by questionnaire. Reliability and validity achieved by Alpha Cronbach method. Also Amoss software was used to validation of the research model. Data analysis indicated that religious identity, in faithfulness aspect, and national identity, in behavior aspect, have significant positive relationship with the global identity. On the other hand, religious identity in ceremonial aspect has negative significant relationship with global identity. Other variables such as cultural consumption and using satellite TV have significant positive relationship with global identity. By and large it can be concluded that nature of the relationship between local identities (national and religious) and global one is that of convergence in some aspects and divergence in others. In other words we are considering a type of particularism and universality which are the two sides of the globalization coin.

The aims of this study is qualitative investigation of the sport of Zoorkhaneh by an emic and interpretive approach. 15 members of the Kerman's Zoorkhaneh were participated in this research. Four categories were extracted by using qualitative methodology of Grounded Theory. They are, instruments of the Zoorkhaneh: art and architecture; poems and ceremonies; and characters. Generally, finding indicated that: sport of the Zoorkhaneh has a heavy influence on formation of the heroic (Pahlevani) Identity. Actually, the heroic (Pahlevani) identity is being constructed by ceremonies, sport practices and method of practicing and working by instruments of the Zoorkhaneh accompanied by epic and religious poems. In fact instruments of the Zoorkhaneh, kind of the poem that called out, traditional architecture, and presence of the epic and religious characters of past and contemporary such as Takhti and Pouria-y-Vali, complement each other. This process increases the influence of Zoorkhaneh on identity formation and culminated in formation of a unique identity as the heroic (Pahlevani) identity.

This research aims to study the sport of Zoorkhaneh by the interpretive and emic approach. Ten Kermanian ancient athletes participated at the study. Data were analyzed by grounded theory methodology and culminated in nine categories and one core category. Generally finding indicated that influence of values and laws of modern sports is in contradiction with and deteriorate traditional values of Zoorkhaneh such as vagrancy, chivalry and epic and consequently positive functions of Zoorkhaneh declined in society so that is changing to a pure athletic institution. Since inconsistency of the identity of Zoorkhaneh with the system of new sports, it is necessary to review the management policies of this social institution.