sina mojaverrostami

Testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury, a significant result of testicular torsion, can lead to the risk of male infertility.

The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of human amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) secretome on testicular torsion/detorsion (T/D) in mice.

All the experiments were performed in the Anatomy Department of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, during the period of March 2023 to December 2023. 40 male NMRI mice (5-7 wk, 25-30 gr) were randomized into: 1) the sham group: mice received sham operations with no other interventions, 2) T/D group, 3) negative control group; torsion detorsion + intratesticular injection of Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium/Nutrient Mixture F-12, and 4) the T/D group + hAMSCs secreted factors. Serum testosterone levels, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and sperm quality parameters were used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of hAMSCs secreted factors on the testicular structure and function. Tissue oxidative stress was measured by determining malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase-1. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1, NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and tumor protein P53 mRNA expressions were assessed in testis via real-time polymerase chain reaction.

The results showed that hAMSCs secreted factors alleviated testicular T/D injury by attenuating oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and apoptosis via modulating the sirtuin-1/ nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/tumor necrosis factor-alpha signaling pathway.

hAMSCs secreted factors increased antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties which consequently increased testosterone levels, spermatogenesis, and sperm quality parameters.

Hesperetin is a bioflavonoid compound, largely used in Chinese traditional medicine and found plenty in citrus fruits. Hesperetin has beneficial effects against different diseases. The sperm cryopreservation process is a common method that is used in infertility laboratories. It has been reported that during the cryopreservation process, the quality of sperm is significantly reduced.

To investigate the effect of hesperetin on the quality of human spermatozoa during the cryopreservation process.

In this experimental study, 22 sperm sample of normozoospermia men who reffered to the infertility department of the Shariati Hospital (Tehran, Iran) Between October and November 2019 were collect and divided in to three groups as: 1) fresh, 2) control (frozen-thawed group without treatment), and 3) treatment group as frozen-thawed samples supplemented with 20 µM hesperetin. Motility, Viability, morphology, Apoptotic-like changes, intracellular H2O2, intracellular O2-, and lipid peroxidation (LPO) was measured.

Hesperetin treatment during the cryopreservation process of human sperm significantly improved the viability, motility, and morphology rates of the spermatozoa after frozen-thawed process in control group (p < 0.01). In addition, it significantly reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, LPO level and increased the percentage of viable sperm cells with intact plasma membrane (p < 0.01) after frozen-thawed process.

Hesperetin can improve the quality of human sperm and also protect human sperm against reactive oxygen species, LPO, and apoptosis during the cryopreservation-thawing process.

Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells into Oocyte-like cells in vitro is challenging. Successful derivation of oocyte from stem cells can provide an alternative source for curing ovogenesis problems. The current study aims to demonstrate a new protocol with two different types of media for differentiating embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into oocyte-like cells (OLCs).

After culturing mouse ESCs, embryoid bodies (EBs) were generated from ESCs by hanging drop (HD) method. To final differentiation of oocyte-like cells (OLCs), the EBs were cultured in two different types of media for 12 days (first 7 days EBs were cultured in in vitro maturation diluted in Granulose Cell- Conditioned Medium and Follicular Fluid [1:1:1] followed by 5 days of culture in in vitro maturation diluted in uterine condition medium [1:1] ).

According tothe MTT test, the viability rate increased in the experimental group compared to the control EBs cultured alone. Expression of Oct4, as a pluripotency marker, decreased during the differentiation process of EBs in the experimental group. Co-culturing of EBs with our mentioned protocol increased germ cell markers (Stella and Mvh) and increased Oocyte-specific markers (ZP1, Figα and GDF9).

Our study introduces a promising in vitro protocol for achieving successful oogenesis through creating interactions of EBs with granulosa cells and uterine condition medium.

The stature is one of the determinant factors to identify a person. We investigated the possibility of predicting stature based on Fingers Length in Iranians.

We studied 195 healthy Iranian students (97 females and 98 males) of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The correlation between stature and fingers anthropometric measurements was investigated and equations for stature prediction were demonstrated by linear regression analysis. 

According to the obtained results, males had higher mean values in each anthropometric measurement, compared to females. Third Finger Length (3rd FL) indicated higher correlation coefficients with stature in both genders. Regression analysis suggested a lower Standard Error of Estimate (SEE) in females (±4.91-5.60 cm), than males (±5.87-6.74 cm).

3rd FL provides a better prediction of stature among the lengths of fingers in both genders.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a widespread endocrine disorder, affecting approximately 20% of women within reproductive age. It is associated with hyperandrogenism, obesity, menstrual irregularity, and anovulatory infertility. Melatonin is the main pineal gland hormone involved in the regulation of the circadian rhythm. In recent years, it has been observed that a reduction in melatonin levels of follicular fluid exists in PCOS patients. Melatonin receptors in the ovary and intra-follicular fluid adjust sex steroid secretion at different phases of ovarian follicular maturation. Moreover, melatonin is a strong antioxidant and an effective free radical scavenger, which protects ovarian follicles during follicular maturation.

In this paper, we conducted a literature review and the summary of the current research on the role of melatonin in PCOS.

Electronic databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Reaxys were searched from their inception to October 2018 using the keywords ″Melatonin″ AND ″Polycystic ovary syndrome" OR "PCOS.″

Based on the data included in our review, it was found that the administration of melatonin can improve the oocyte and embryo quality in PCOS patients. It may also have beneficial effects in correcting the hormonal alterations in PCOS patients.

Since metabolic dysfunction is the major finding contributing to the initiation of PCOS, melatonin can hinder this process via its improving effects on metabolic functions.

Stem cell therapy has been developed as an effective treatment method for the heart failure. Also, extracellular matrix has shown the positive effects in stem cell differentiation and myocardial tissue organization. Cardiogel is a native cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM) derived from cardiac fibroblasts. In the present study the role of cardiogel is examined for its cardiomyogenic potential on mouse bone marrow- derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs).
The BM-MSCs were isolated from six-week-old mice. Cardiac fibroblasts were collected from neonatal heart mice and the cells were seeded on 0.2% gelatin pre-coated plates for up to 21 days. Then, the decellularization was performed via enzymatic digestion. For cardiomyocyte differentiation, the BM-MSCs were plated on matrix-coated plates (Cardiogel, CCP), Matrigel-coated plates (MCP) and gelatin-coated plates (GCP) as a control group at a density of 1 × 104 cells per cm2 in CM containing 3 mM 5-azacytidine.
The results proved that cardiogel is capable to promote the cardiomyogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs. Cardiogel had a great influence on cellular adhesion, gene expression and cardiomyocyte differentiation compared to MCP and GCP. Gene expression analysis showed that cardiac specific markers were expressed in BM-MSCs has grown in CCP that represented the cardiac-specific differentiation.
Our results suggest that cardiogel is an effective ECM that can improve the cardiomyogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs, and it can be used as a possible therapeutic approach in cardiac tissue regeneration.

Multiple sclerosis is a complex autoimmune disorder which characterized by demyelination and axonal loss in the central nervous system (CNS). Several evidences indicate that some new drugs and stem cell therapy have opened a new horizon for multiple sclerosis treatment, but current therapies are partially effective or not safe in the long term. Recently, herbal therapies represent a promising therapeutic approach for multiple sclerosis disease. Here, we consider the potential benefits of some herbal compounds on different aspects of multiple sclerosis disease. The medicinal plants and their derivatives; Ginkgo biloba, Zingiber officinale, Curcuma longa, Hypericum perforatum, Valeriana officinalis, Vaccinium macrocarpon, Nigella sativa,Piper methysticum, Crocus sativus, Panax ginseng, Boswellia papyrifera, Vitis vinifera, Gastrodia elata, Camellia sinensis, Oenothera biennis, MS14 and Cannabis sativa have been informed to have several therapeutic effects in MS patients.

The stature is one of the determinant factors to identify a person. We investigated the possibility of predicting stature based on Fingers Length in Iranians. We studied 195 healthy Iranian students (97 females and 98 males) of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The correlation between stature and fingers anthropometric measurements was investigated and equations for stature prediction were demonstrated by linear regression analysis.  According to the obtained results, males had higher mean values in each anthropometric measurement, compared to females. Third Finger Length (3rd FL) indicated higher correlation coefficients with stature in both genders. Regression analysis suggested a lower Standard Error of Estimate (SEE) in females (±4.91-5.60 cm), than males (±5.87-6.74 cm). 3rd FL provides a better prediction of stature among the lengths of fingers in both genders.