فهرست مطالب zahra bahadori

Depression is one of the most important public health concerns among the elderly. Therefore, it is very important and necessary to identify the effective factors in causing depression. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the correlation between rumination response and depression with the mediation of lifestyle in the elderly.

The study was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of the study was made up of elderly people in the age range of 60 to 75 years old, residents and non-residents of the nursing home of Bojnourd city in 2018. 400 people were selected using the Krejcie & Morgan formula as non-random and convenience sampling. Data collection was done with demographic questionnaire, "Beck Depression Inventory", "Rumination Response Scale" and "Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II". Content validity was measured by qualitative method and reliability by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data analysis was analyzed using SPSS. 25 and Amos .24.

There is a negative correlation between rumination response and lifestyle components of the elderly and a positive correlation with depression (P≥0.01). Lifestyle components of the elderly have a negative correlation with depression (P≥0.01). Also, the correlation of rumination response with depression is significant indirectly through all lifestyle components (P≥0.05).

Elderly people with high rumination response score report more depressive symptoms. Also, rumination response mediates the depression of the elderly indirectly and through lifestyle components and causes an increase in depression. It is suggested to carry out educational programs in order to promote a healthy lifestyle in the elderly and reduce the rumination response, as well as large-scale planning at the community level to reduce depression.

Female heads of households, due to their high level of life responsibilities, are exposed to psychological damage. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of reality therapy on the psychological hardiness of female heads of households under the auspices of the Martyr Foundation and Veterans Affairs. This was an experimental study with a pre-test, post-test design and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of this study consists of female-headed households under the auspices of the Martyr Foundation and Veterans Affairs of Bojnourd. Thirty participants were selected voluntarily and randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. Data were collected using the Ahvaz Hardiness Inventory. The intervention group received reality therapy in 8 sessions, and the control group was on the waiting list to receive the intervention. Data analysis was done in SPSS21 using the analysis of covariance. The results showed that reality therapy increased the total score of psychological hardiness (F=8.111, P=0.009) and control subscales (F=4.508, P=0.044) and championship (F= 15.721, P=0.001) was effective and remained constant over time, but was not effective on the commitment subscale (F=1.657, P=0.221). Reality therapy has played an effective role in increasing the psychological hardiness of female-headed households over time. It is recommended that this treatment be used in other similar situations.

The spread of coronavirus in Iran, caused virtual education in cyberspace to replace face-to-face education. On the other hand, one of the main tasks of teachers in the process of virtual education is to share management information and selfmanagement. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the lived experiences of Shiraz (public) elementary school teachers of self-management in cyberspace.  In this qualitative study, Husserl’s phenomenological method was used. Participants in the study were 17 teachers with teaching experience in the central and suburbs of Shiraz. They were selected by purposive sampling and criterion sampling approaches The data was collected by a semi-structured interview. To measure the initial validity of the data, the credibility criteria (the triangulation method was used and tried to collect sufficient data from different resources to create believability) and reliability (this criterion is referred to the stability of results at different times and conditions and is equivalent to reliability in quantitative research) was used. After encoding the data, the thematic analysis method was used to form a network of self-management themes in cyberspace.  Results classified as follows: The organizing themes were: 1) self-management skills related to students’ challenges (student participation in e-learning, encourage unmotivated students in cyberspace, etc.) 2) Self-management skills about the challenges of colleagues (formation of virtual groups between colleagues for co-thinking between teachers, content production by consulting colleagues with each other, etc.) 3) Self-management skills about management challenges (online planning to set the timing of online teaching, managing student attendance in the online classroom for students who did not attend online class, etc.) 4) Self-management skills were divided about educational challenges (producing attractive content to prevent students ‘cyberspace boredom, online student evaluation, etc.)  An exploratory model was formed in a global theme called teacher self-management in cyberspace.

In IP systems based on registration, industrial designs are protected by certifications issued by the registration authority. However, the performed examination by the registration authority vary on the scope and therefore the amounts of validity presumable for certificates do not follow the same rules. Unlike patents and trademarks registration systems, which have been extensively studied in many countries, from a very limited formal review to a detailed review at the request of the applicant has been observed, and the right to pre-registration protest has not been provided in many cases. These issues can create ambiguities about the scope of rights granted to the registrant and challenge the courts. Therefore, the present article, through a descriptive analytical method, concludes that the lack of substantive examination does not mean the invalidity of certificates issued, and in general, industrial design registration certificates have an exclusive right for the registrants as long as there is no objection, although in some national systems, industrial design certificates based on the declaration regime may not give the registrant a negative right.

growing studies indicates the role of emotional regulation on functional- physical disorders then addressing therapeutic intervention focused on this structure has great importance on the severity of clinical symptoms and negative emotional schemes of the patients.

The current study aims to determine the efficacy of treatment based on Emotional Schema Therapy of patients with functional neurological symptom disorder.

A non-congruent multiple baseline experimental single case studies was used as the method of this study. For this purpose, three women with functional neurological symptom disorder referred to the neurologist were selected through structured diagnostic interview and clinical interviews using purposive sampling. Structured clinical interview (SCID-5-RV), demographic characteristics interview, symptoms of somatic symptom disorders’ screening scale (SOMS-7), Leahy Emotional Schema Scale (LESS) and EST treatment guide were used as research tools.

Obtained results were addressed suing, visual inspection, Reliable & change index (RCI), improvement percentage formula, significant clinical improvement and operational assessment.

Results obtained from the study indicated that emotional schema therapy with amending emotional structural processes and improvement of non-adaptive strategies of people against emotions leads to decrease in the severity of clinical symptoms and negative emotional schemes in patients with functional neurological symptom disorder.

Women heads of households sometimes feel lonely and helpless due to the many responsibilities of life. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of “Reality Therapy” and “Narrative Therapy” on the loneliness of women heads of households. 

The method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and follow-up with control group. The statistical population of this study consists of women heads of households under the auspices of the Bojnourd province Veterans and Martyrs Affair Foundation (VMAF) was included in 2020. 45 of them were selected by convenience sampling method. Then, they were randomly divided into two intervention groups and one control group by lottery method. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the “UCLA Loneliness Scale” (Version 3). Content validity was calculated by qualitative method and reliability by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The first intervention group received “Reality Therapy” and the second intervention group received “Narrative Therapy” in 8 sessions and the control group was on the waiting list to receive the intervention. Data analysis was analyzed in SPSS. 21. 

“Reality Therapy” and “Narrative Therapy” were effective on the loneliness of women heads of households (P <0.05). Comparison of 2 interventions showed that there is a significant difference between the effectiveness of “Reality Therapy” and “Narrative Therapy” on reducing loneliness in women-headed households and “Narrative Therapy” has been more effective on reducing loneliness over time (P <0.05).

“Narrative Therapy” over time has played an effective role in reducing the loneliness of women-headed households. It is recommended that this treatment be performed to reduce feelings of loneliness in other women heads of households and similar groups.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotional regulation strategies and social security sense with the quality of life among university students. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of this study consisted of all students of Applied Science and Technology University of Bojnord city who were students in 2018-2019. Out of this population, 242 students (123 female and 119 male) were selected as target group by stratified random sampling method. The data were collected by using the Gransfeck et al (2001) emotional regulation strategies, researcher-made social security sense questionnaires and the Weir & Sherbun (1992) quality of life scale. For data analysis, the criteria used included the average values, standard deviation, and frequency distribution table by the help of SPSS software in order to analyze descriptive statistics, regression analysis and one-way analysis of variance. Correlation results showed that variables of emotion regulation strategies and sense of social security had a positive significant relationship with the quality of life. Regression analysis showed that only positive strategies could explain the changes in the quality of life with a beta of 0.238. According to the results of the study, any action taken to improve the sense of social security and increase the use of positive emotion regulation strategies will improve the quality of life.

 The sprint start is a complex skill characterized by a multi-joint and multi-plane task requiring complex muscle coordination to reach a large force exerted in the horizontal direction in a short time. Previous studies indicated that efficient acceleration over the first portion of a race is influenced by how a sprinter is positioned in the set command blocks.

 A total of 15 elite women runners participated in this study. The subjects performed three optional, and five selected sprint starts with 2-minute intervals. The Noraxon-MyoMotion device collected the kinematic data, and a continuous relative phase method was used to calculate the joint coordination pattern.

 The pattern of coordination between the lower limb joints were divided into 10 phases. There were differences between the two types of starters in the initial phases, but no difference was noticed from the fourth phase.

 Indeed, there was irregularity in the early phases of the selected start type, while in the following phases, the coordination pattern coincided, and it seems that if this process does not affect the speed and acceleration of the athlete, it can be cautiously noted that sitting in any way in the start technique will ultimately create common coordination in the joints.

Keratinocyte Growth Factor (KGF) is a paracrine-acting and epithelium-specific growth factor produced by cells of mesenchymal origin. Based on preclinical data, recombinant KGF plays a critical role in protecting and repairing of damaged epithelial tissues. Despite great efforts to express recombinant human KG (rhKGF) in different organisms, attempts for finding appropriate protein expression system with the ability of producing a properly folded and processed KGF needs further investigation. Pichia pastoris has been used successfully and extensively for production of industrial enzymes and pharmaceutical proteins. Herein, we investigated the affect of pro-region-α-factor early deletion on production and secretion of rhKGF in Pichia pastoris. Initially, expression of human KGF induced in MCF-7 cell line treated with 1, 25-Dihydroxy vitamin D3. The coding sequence of full length rhKGF194 was then cloned into the yeast integrative expression vector, downstream of α-factor and was integrated into P. pastoris genome. KGF protein was expressed in P. pastoris x33 cells, usingα-factor signal peptide for translocation of KGF to ER. An internal human signal peptide was also arranged after α-factorfor early removal of the pro-region in ER. RT-PCR results demonstrated that KGF mRNA was expressed successfully after induction by methanol. Recombinant KGF protein expression was detected by Western blotting in cell lysats, but not in conditioned media. A molecular weight of 17 kD for rhKGF194 indicates that the α-factor and internal human signal peptideshad been removed in x33 cells. The results indicate that in the absence of pro-region-α-factor, the recombinant KGF protein was not efficiently processed and transported within the biosynthesis-secretory pathway. As KGF protein is an unstable growth factor and tend to aggregate because of some native properties, It seems that presence of a chaperon molecule fusion with KGF is necessary for efficient secretion of the recombinant protein.

Different factors affect children’s behavior during dental treatment, including psychological and behavioral characteristics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation of self-concept on child’s anxiety and behavior during dental treatment in 4 to 6-year-old children. A total of 235 preschoolers aged 4 to 6 years were included in this descriptive analytic study. Total self-concept score for each child was assessed according to Primary Self-concept Scale before dental treatment. Child’s anxiety and child’s behavior were assessed, during the restoration of mandibular primary molar, using clinical anxiety rating scale and Frankl Scale, respectively. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the correlation between the total self-concept score with the results of clinical anxiety rating scale and Frankl Scale. There was a moderate inverse correlation between the self-concept and clinical anxiety rating scale scores (r = −0.545, P < 0.001), and a moderate correlation between the self-concept and child’s behavior scores (r = 0.491, P < 0.001). A strong inverse relation was also found between the anxiety and behavior scores (r = −0.91, P < 0.001). Children with higher self-concept had lower anxiety level and better behavioral feedback during dental treatment.

Human multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disease and demyelinated lesions in central nervous system (CNS) are the pathologic hallmark of MS. Remyelination occurs in many MS lesions but becomes increasingly incomplete/inadequate. Protein tyrosine phosphatase,receptor-type z polypeptid (PTPRZ) has been implicated in adult cell renewal, repair of the nervous system, oligodendrocyte development and so in Remyelination. We investigated possible association of multiple sclerosis with polymorphism of two SNPs (rs478 and rs69657) located in PTPRZ gene.

Peripheral blood was collected from 40 subjects with MS and 65 healthy controls and DNA was extracted. For genotyping of rs478 and rs696575, PCR-RFLP and mismatch PCR-RFLP techniques were used, respectively. Association of SNPrs478 and SNPrs696575 with multiple sclerosis was examined by using the Chi-square test and the frequency differences of alleles and genotypes between two groups were compared. A conventional p-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.

Statistical analyses on two studied polymorphisms showed that both case and control group were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. By using χ test, the difference between frequency of SNPrs478 Risk allele vs. other allele in control and case groups was p=0.77 and for SNPrs696575 was p=0.669. The difference between frequency of Homozygosity vs. other genotypes in control and case groups for SNPrs478 was p=0.77 and for SNPrs696575 was p=0.64.

According to the χ test results, the differences were not significant for studied SNPs. As a conclusion, we did not find association between SNPrs478 and SNPrs696575 of PTPRZ and multiple sclerosis in Iranian population.