جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « محتوا و مضمون » در نشریات گروه « علوم انسانی »

 In this article, the general features of the Neo- Classicism in the Persian literature that is called return school in the Farsi, are briefly reviewed. Then, one of the most important but neglected point of this school is scrutinized; That is, eulogistic and religious odes. Research on the poetry of Persian Neo- Classicism school generally focuses on two areas: first one, identifying anonymous poets and correcting their poetical works, and other studies have been done on the methods of imitation and the influence of well-known poets. It seems that the Scholars agree on lack of innovations and additions poetry on this period, and by this reason, poetry of this period from prior times to nowadays to be rarely present in textbooks and excerpts from Persian literature.

 This article examines the content of the poems of 16 poets in the desired period, verse by verse and provides statistics on the innovation of Persian Neo- Classicism poetry in the field of ritual poetry and stagnation, imitation and repetition in the poetry of government-affiliated poets of this era. From each poet, two poems have been analyzed, one about praise of Imam Ali and another one about Imam Reza. Data analysis was performed with Microsoft Excel software.

 According to this research, there is an inverse relationship between the fame and innovation of the poets of this period. Well-known poets such as Saba and Qaani suffer from a lack of content, and deep precise poets such as Ayati Birjandi, Soroush Esfahani and Elahi Ghomshei do not have a great reputation. This challenges the judgments of authors of the periods of Persian Literature and their judging criteria.

 It is shown here that the most what is said about the Persian Neo- Classicism is based on the government-affiliated poets of this school and periods, not the Shiite poetry. The content of Shiite poetry in this period is completely changed and its quantitative and qualitative growth is palpable.

Determining the genre in modern researches is considered the main issue. Due to lack of historic background and novelty of subjects in Persian literature, has more difficulties. The need for the localization of existing Western models and the necessities of the globalization of local literature are two contradictory needs of modern Persian literature. Therefore, the main question is that is it possible to present a model that covers the needs of Persian literature, while providing the global standards. In the present paper, it was attempted to provide a three-dimensional model to determine the literary genre. first, basic genres (epic, lyrical, didactics) were determined that are accepted at the global level. Second, to determine the genre, three main variables of content and theme, tone and presentation method were used. Third, for each of the following variables, some factors are considered: content and theme included 24 factors such as championship and being cutie, romantic; tone had more than 40 element including being sincerely, advisable and imperative, categorized in three logical, excitable and emotional and presentation method was classified into three sub-factors of narrative, addressing and soliloquy. Finally, using these three variables, the dominant type of work is determined.

(Surveying the Mashruteh Literature (the literature produced after the Iranian Constitutional Revolution of 1950s) and the influence of the Western civilization, the present study investigates the characteristics of Persian poetry in terms of form and content in 1950s and 1960s. The literature of the period is characterized by deconstructing the archaic poetic patterns and meters while preserving the notion of meter and rhyming words followed by French symbolism, by symbolic adaptation of socio-political themes, by emphasizing the ambiguous aspects of the language by the emergence of free verse and. Moreover, the emergence of guerrilla poetry, the popularization of a hallucinatory language and far-fetched concepts in poetry and the revival of the Islamic identity particularly in 1950s are what define poetry of the period. Modernism has influence the poetry of the period directly (through familiarization with the Western literature) and indirectly (through forming various social classes and sectors, cultural movements and the interaction between them). The debates among the advocates of the classic forms and the supporters of the “new poetry,” the divergences between “new wave” poets and “new poetry” movement are reflective of theemergence of newly-formed sections and cultural movements that were all either the fruit of modernism or activated as the result of it.)

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Sanai's odes are compare able not only to his own distinguished works like "Hadighat_ol Haghigheh" but also to other outstanding Persian literary works regarding literary value. The variety of content that exists in Sanai's odes is linked to the poet's multifaceted character and the legends about him. The subjects dealt with in Sanai's odes are various and dont seem unique. For this, the audience may wonder how issues like piety, mysticism, politics, social science and sometimes satire and lampoon are gathered together. Therefore, for the importance of subjects and content of the odes an independent study was necessary. In this study, we analyze the ode's contents and categorize the subjects and also investigate the reason for such variety.