هم افزایی

The influence of the Holy Quran on various Islamic and human sciences is undeniable for those who believe in its divine authenticity. Usul al-Fiqh (Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence) is among the disciplines deeply indebted to the Quran, as its authority and legitimacy are established through Quranic verses. Beyond this, the Quran has played a fundamental role in the formation, development, and evolution of Usul al-Fiqh, just as Usul al-Fiqh provides essential tools for a proper understanding of the Quran. This study examines the mutual reinforcement between the Quran and Usul al-Fiqh in shaping a systematic methodology for deriving Islamic knowledge. The research employs a library-based data collection method and a descriptive-analytical approach to explore their interrelationship. The findings indicate that the Quran directly contributes to the dynamism of Usul al-Fiqh by influencing key jurisprudential principles, including ijtihad and taqlid (independent reasoning and adherence to scholarly authority), linguistic analysis (interpretation of Quranic terminology and expressions), evidentiary principles (certainty vs. probability in deriving rulings), and legal maxims (Usul ‘Amaliyah) for decision-making in cases of doubt. Conversely, Usul al-Fiqh serves as a prerequisite for Quranic interpretation, significantly contributing to the comprehension of theological, ethical, and socio-legal Quranic teachings. The study underscores the inseparable relationship between the Quran and Usul al-Fiqh, demonstrating how their synergy fosters a more systematic and comprehensive approach to the derivation of religious knowledge.

In today's changing and dynamic world, organizations need to use their internal and external resources and capacities for survival and sustainable growth. One of the most important internal resources that has a significant impact on the performance and effectiveness of organizations is social capital. On the other hand, organizational learning as a continuous and dynamic process in which organizations take advantage of their past experiences and others to improve their performance, helps organizations to adapt to challenges and environmental changes. Therefore, the aim is to present a synergistic model of social capital and organizational learning in National Iranian Oil Company. The current research was conducted with a qualitative approach and in terms of purpose, it is among applied researches and using thematic analysis method. The experts included professors and senior managers, as well as the interviewees included 15 people who were selected by purposeful sampling until reaching the theoretical saturation level. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. To ensure validity and reliability, the findings were approved by the interviewees. In order to analyze the data, Brown and Clark's method was used with Max Quda qualitative data analysis software. The findings of the interview analysis included 1 overarching theme, 5 organized themes, 10 basic themes and 73 primary codes were identified. The results of this the research can help managers and policy makers of National Iranian Oil Company to improve the performance of the organization and create a learning environment.

The purpose of this research was to provide a paradigm model of the future university with an entrepreneurial and knowledge-enhancing approach. The research method was qualitative mixed method, the statistical population included professors and managers of high levels of Azad universities in Mazandaran province, which through the purposeful sampling method and considering the saturation law, the number of 10 people  were selected. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The reliability and validity of the data were calculated from the three methods of participant feedback review, Christiansen's angle technique and external observers and were analyzed by open, axial and selective coding, the number of 99 open codes (concepts), 19 axial codes (dimensions and components) ) and 6 selection codes (main categories) were counted and the findings showed that the major and core categories in the form of six dimensions of causal conditions (structural conditions, cultural conditions, academic processes, characteristics of academic experts), central phenomenon (participatory planning) , forward-looking leadership, central problem, academic development), background conditions (academic entrepreneurship and increasing the economic role of the university, student participation, free interaction of scientific institutions in the international arena, necessary infrastructure for the development of the future university), intervening conditions (professional management) and meritocracy, rules and regulations of higher education, credits and government financial resources), strategies (reform the management structure of the higher education system, institutionalization of future research) and consequences (improvement of performance, control of the role of the higher education system) were upgraded to a higher abstract level and Finally

In recent years, various studies have been conducted regarding the logic governing the spatial organization of urban systems in Iran, emphasizing the transition of size-based and network-based paradigms. However, almost all of them explain the features of its spatial organization rather than focusing on the economic logic of urban systems. In this regard, the present article seeks to explain the financial logic of the spatial behaviors of urban systems in the interpretation of modern spatial phenomena with the review and genealogy of agglomeration and network economies. Considering the interpretive and discursive combination, a narrative review was used as the research method. Empirical evidence and review studies were searched in Google Scholar, IDEAS, Science Direct, and Scopus databases and were classified and selected based on “topic relevance”, “novelty” and “number of citations”. The results show first, there is a meaningful affinity between network and synergy as one of the dynamic dimensions of agglomeration economies. So that at least they complement each other and both are a source for benefiting from positive externalities. Second, while it is stated that the concept of agglomeration economies has different meanings in different spatial scales, it seems that the results of various studies at micro-industrial levels have become a cornerstone for explaining the economic behaviors of actors in urban and regional areas. Third, due to the change of the concept of agglomeration economies from a one-dimensional and static concept to a multi-dimensional and dynamic notion, new spatial phenomena cannot be interpreted in the form of one of these dimensions. Thus, it is necessary to explain them in some cases in addition to competitive logic, network logic, and sometimes territorial logic as well.

In some of his speeches, Hazrat Ali has mentioned the phenomenon of hypocrisy, which his society was severely affected by. He considers all his difficulties in dealing with agents, properties and people as hypocrites. One of the main obstacles of the Iranian Islamic development model has been the presence of hypocrites in the country's decision-making. What is hypocrisy in the model of Iranian Islamic progress with emphasis on the teachings of Nahj al-Balagheh? By using the theme analysis method with MAXQDA software, the researchers have conceptualized the data obtained from the statements of Imam Ali in Nahj al-Balaghe and based on these concepts, the primary themes include superiority, special privileges, undue superiority, , vigilance, insight, awareness, suspicion, doubt, hindering the progress of the work and disruption were counted. Then the themes of the organizer include superiority, special right, distinguishing, intentionality, insight, foresight, knowledge, suspicion, Hesitancy, disturbance and distortions were obtained. Finally, by combining and integrating the universal themes, five strategies for preventing classism, fighting privilege, increasing insight, fighting suspicion, preventing sabotage and betrayal were extracted.

Addressing ethical principles for the future university with a knowledge-enhancing approach provides the possibility of planning to reach the desired future. By understanding what was raised, the aim of the research was to present the ethical model of the future university with a knowledge-enhancing approach.

The qualitative research method was based on the grounded theory. The participants included professors and managers of higher levels of Azad universities, who were selected through the purposeful sampling method of 10 people, the estimation of the desired sample size was done based on theoretical data saturation. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The validity and reliability of the data were confirmed. Data were analyzed by open, axial and selective coding.

The findings showed that effective causal conditions include (structural conditions, cultural conditions, academic processes, characteristics of academic experts), axial conditions include (participatory planning, forward-looking leadership based on ethics, problem-oriented, development of academic ethics indicators), background conditions include (ethics in the economy of higher education, students' participation, free interaction of scientific institutions, necessary infrastructure for the development of ethical relationships), interfer conditions include (ethical management and meritocracy, laws and regulations of higher education, credits and government financial resources), strategies include (reforming the management structure of the higher education system, institutionalizing research ethics) and consequences include (performance improvement, rule of ethics).

This research will help the organization of institutionalizing ethics in the university by presenting the ethical model of the future university with a knowledge-enhancing approach that fits the structure and ecosystem of the Islamic Azad University organization.

To achieve continuous growth in a project-oriented organization, managing projects individually does not work well. By combining multi-criteria decision-making methods (MCDM) and strategic analysis, the present research examines the challenges of selecting and managing the project portfolio in the Nano Development Headquarters, emphasizing the importance of optimal use of limited resources and reducing investment risk. Its main goal is to develop a model for evaluating and prioritizing projects based on the greatest synergies and values and improving the effectiveness of decisions in line with strategic goals.

This research uses a hybrid approach that includes the implementation of a scientific framework with five steps. At first, using the SWOT analysis, three key strategies were formulated to manage the portfolio of nano projects: portfolio of multidisciplinary cooperation, portfolio of commercialization of nano products and portfolio of connection between nano and everyday life. The projects were categorized using the concepts of synergies and the benefits map. Then, using the Electre method, the projects were prioritized based on 10 criteria and included in the final basket. Finally, a balanced portfolio of projects was selected and a roadmap for better management of this portfolio was presented.

The research showed that among the 32 initial projects, 7 projects were removed and 3 other projects were also abandoned due to non-compliance with the key criteria. According to the SWOT matrix, four options were presented and three strategies were developed based on that. The categorization of projects was done based on the concepts of synergy and proximity of projects to strategic goals and the intended value created through the logical map of benefits. The final grouping of the projects in three categories: pearls, oysters, and white elephants was done with the opinion of experts, and with the update of the final basket, the definite priority of each project in each basket was included in the portfolio roadmap. With this approach, an optimal combination of projects in portfolios was created, and the order of projects was determined. The presented model was able to create an optimal combination of projects and determine their execution order by considering the primary criteria, risk analysis, probability of success, earnings, and return on investment (ROI). Also, the roadmap of the project portfolio was drawn to help better management and achieve strategic goals. The final finding from the data analysis is that initially, basket 2 (D5, B3, A3, E5, E1, E2, D2, A1, C2) started with project D5 and at the end of the first three years of basket 1 (B6, A4, E4, B2, A5, D1, B5, E3, E6) with project B6 will start simultaneously with projects E5 and E1 and the start time of basket 3 (E7, D7, E8, C1) in the middle of the second schedule with project E7 with the implementation of projects D2, A1, E4, and B2. The maximum execution time for basket 1 is ten, for basket 2 eight, and for basket 3 six years.

Research limitations/implications: 

Access to data, experts' lack of familiarity with project portfolio management concepts, and the unpredictability of nanotechnology and changing criteria are some of the limitations of this research. The research is specifically focused on the field of nanotechnology, but it can be easily extended to other fields with personalization. In this research, the concepts of project portfolio management, synergy of projects, and logical map of benefits have been used for writing. It is suggested that in future research, aspects of uncertainty in the decision-making process allocation of resources and project schedule should be addressed with modelling.

Practical implications: 

By providing a comprehensive model for project portfolio management, managers can make better decisions in selecting and prioritizing projects. This helps to increase efficiency and reduce risks associated with projects. It also helps companies get closer to their business goals and grow and develop their business by creating synergies.

Social implications:

 In addition to the positive effects on improving public health, the environment, and increasing the quality of life, the correct selection of the portfolio of nano projects will help project-oriented companies to achieve higher standards in the fields of safety, health, and environment (SHE) by using project portfolio management. At a larger level, it helps government and policymakers make more informed decisions to invest in and support nanotechnology projects that directly lead to economic and social development.

Originality/value: 

This research is added to the literature on project management because it provides a comprehensive and new framework for selecting the project portfolio from different angles and can be a valuable resource for researchers and managers. Overall, this research provides a useful framework for organizations seeking to optimize their project portfolios.

This research was carried out with the purpose of identifying the factors of the complementary work team model in Iran's government organizations with meta-composite method. The current research is analytical-descriptive in terms of its practical purpose and in terms of the research method, which was carried out using the meta-composite qualitative research method. The metasynthesis method was performed using the seven steps of the method of Sandelowski and Barroso (2007). The statistical population of the research included all the articles in reliable domestic and foreign databases during the years 2000-2024, and 27 articles were selected based on the research criteria. The main and secondary factors of the pattern were extracted using the theme analysis method. Based on the meta-combination results, the factors of the model of complementary work teams in Iranian government organizations include 85 primary concepts, 18 sub-categories and 5 main categories, which include organizational soft factors, complementary The main and secondary factors of the pattern were extracted using the theme analysis method human resource management, complementary based on the research criteria team processes, complementary team internal interactions and complementary members. The findings of this research guide planners and policy makers in the field of achieving and realizing complementary work teams.

Foregrounding is one of the fundamental terms in formalist approaches. This concept manifests in texts through two methods deviation and over-regularization. Deviation refers to the departure from the standard language to create a literary language, prompting the reader to think and enhancing their aesthetic enjoyment of the text. Geoffrey Leech, an English linguist, categorizes deviation into eight types: phonological, syntactic, lexical, semantic, dialectal, register, historical, and stylistic. Over-regularization, on the other hand, refers to the addition of rules to the standard language, leading to a heightened literary and linguistic structure. The Qur'an, as an exemplary text, receives attention from this perspective as well. The ‘Verses of Supplication’ (Āyāt ad-Duʿāʾ) prominently exhibit foregrounding techniques. This study aims to analyze foregrounding in the ‘Verses of Supplication’ through a descriptive-analytical approach. The research findings indicate that phonological, syntactic, and semantic deviations are employed in these verses. Phonological deviations involve fusion and elision, which contribute to the defamiliarization and phonetic balance of the divine speech. Syntactic deviation appears in the form of positional inversion. Semantic deviation is expressed through the use of metaphors. Additionally, over-regularization manifests as repetition in these verses. There is complete harmony and coherence between meaning and expression in the ‘Verses of Supplication’, playing a significant role in conveying the underlying themes and messages. Foregrounding in these verses results in a departure from the norm, but rather than disrupting their meaning, it enhances their beauty

Ataraxy is one of the important fields in mental health. Due to considerable role of morality in serenity, the objective of the present study is to detect moral factors according to Imam Sajjad (peace be upon him) aspect of view to confront negative attitudes and improving serenity. Our study method was qualitative and all of the 54 prayers of Al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya were our target population with specific concentration on 15 prayers (7,8,10,13,14,15,17,18,21,22,28,34,49,52,54). We used documentary analysis and MAXQDA 2018 software to library process of the data. According to results trust and confidence in god, anger control, forgiveness of sinner and retaining his honor, remission, hope and finding meaning, positive thinking, satisfaction, gratefulness in any condition, patience, seeking support, honesty, self-esteem and avoiding lusts, modesty and awareness of faults and errors are moral factors in Al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya, which confronting negative attitudes and can lead to serenity.

The main goal of the current research is to institutionalize an organizational culture based on synergy. In this research, descriptive-quantitative research method was used. The statistical population of this research included all employees (Tourism Holding - Parsian Hotels Group), the sample size was 165, and the sampling method was random. The questionnaire tool was made by the researcher, and its validity was verified by face validity and reliability with Cronbach's alpha test and it was 0.88. Structural equation method with PLS Smart software was also used for data analysis. The findings showed that all the factors constituting the organizational culture institutionalization model based on synergy in the tourism holding of Parsian Hotels Group (team building, cohesion, structure, innovation, support, motivation, participation and performance) are significant at the 95% confidence level, and as a result, the overall fit of the model GOF was equal to 0.65, which shows the usefulness of the model. Based on this, it can be concluded that the proposed model of institutionalization of organizational culture and synergy in the tourism holding of Parsian Hotel Group can be considered by its management.

Increasing insight, law enforcement knowledge, and using active and passive defense mechanisms have a significant role in crisis management, and many disasters can be solved with these mechanisms in the society. The current research aims to provide a structural equation modeling (SEM) of the relationship between insight and crisis management mediated by passive defense mechanism.

This is a descriptive survey using SEM method. The study population consists of the employees of Isfahan police department (FAA) in Isfahan, Iran, who had participated in the provincial insight courses (n=240). The sample size was determined using Cochran’s formula. By using simple random sampling method, 148 eligible employees were selected, all of whom were second-level managers. The standard crisis management questionnaires of Jahanbakhsh et al. (2015), a researcher-made insight scale with 14 items, and a researcher-made questionnaire of passive defense with 30 items were used to collect data. To analyze the data and test the hypotheses, correlation test, stepwise multiple regression analysis, and SEM were used in SPSS software, version 20 and Smart PLS software, version 3.

The findings showed that insight and its components together with passive defense had a significant relationship with crisis management. The variable of passive defense also had a significant mediating role in the relationship between insight and crisis management.

increasing insight is one of the important factors in improving the quality of crisis management along with paying attention to the dimensions and components of passive defense. One of the strengths of this study was the attention to the hidden layers of crisis management in the performance of police missions. By understanding the concept of passive defense, the relationship between insight and crisis management can be understood and it can be used to prevent and deal with internal and external threats.

The magic of proximity has been a crucial and determining factor in examining the linguistic and rhetorical impacts on the intellectual perspective of Iranians throughout history. This rhetorical technique is so powerful that it has sometimes influenced the historical and cultural destiny of Iranians. The impact of the magic of proximity occurs through foregrounding at the level of speech. Throughout the literary history of Iran, authors have always tried to persuade their audience by relying on this influential factor. The gateway to texts is their titles; hence, this foregrounding is intensely evident in the titles of works, especially in artistic prose. This study, using a descriptive-analytical method, demonstrates the magic of proximity in nineteen titles of artistic and ornate prose. The theoretical basis of the present study is the theories discussed in Kurosh Safavi’s book From Linguistics to Literature, which considers literariness as a result of rule-making and balance in the surface structure of language. This rule-making and balance lead to the magic of proximity in the titles of works, which, besides creating beauty, encourage readers to study the works through auditory and visual pleasure and ultimately lead to a sense of persuasion in the audience.

In fact, the development and improvement of human resources is the most basic organizational component in order to prevent job plateauing. The police force is one of the most important and influential organizations created with the aim of ensuring social security and preventing crimes. For development in the new millennium, this organization can respond to the needs and ideals of the organization only through the use of the advanced model of development and growth of human resources capabilities as the capital of the organization; Therefore, in order to increase the efficiency and productivity of the employees, it is necessary to solve their work problems and challenges as much as possible. One of the challenges that most organizations, including military organizations, are facing is the problem of job plateauing. Job plateauing is one of the organizational challenges that demotivates employees regarding their personal and functional horizons and future. For this purpose, in this article, the promotion of human resources based on the career plateauing approach in Faraja was presented based on the opinions of 15 managers who were selected as a targeted and available sample, in the form of a data-based theory paradigm model. The results of the research showed that the causal factors include managers' decision-making, managers' attitudes, delegating authority to managers, policy making, synchronizing employees on the way to achieving the organization's goals, underlying factors including channelization, networking in the context of information technology, equipping the organization with Advanced information technology and network and information systems integration management, intervening factors include trust-building, culture-building and guidance, and strategies include the development of social responsibility, strategic needs assessment, partial acceptability and partial legitimacy.

The present research was conducted with the aim of presenting the model of spiritualization of human resources in Astan Quds Razavi, emphasizing on controlling and preventive factors. In terms of research approach, qualitative method has been used. This research used the metacombination method based on Sandelowski's steps. The statistical population of the research, all written documents related to organizational spirituality, including 43 articles and works, were selected and analyzed based on valid criteria among 90 articles and works. By applying the seven stages of metacomposition, a conceptual model was obtained in six conceptual layers, categories and codes. Concepts and topics were included in each of the layers, and finally 28 components were identified. For qualitative validation, Shannon's entropy method and CASP criteria were used, and finally the results of the research led to the identification of dimensions in six basic dimensions, which specifically, the main dimensions affecting the spiritualization of human resources in the Astan Quds Razavi organization include "guidance and management", "Structural", "Individual", "Culturalization", "Management" and "Deterrence" were presented. The conceptual model obtained from Sandelowski's stages of metacomposition can be used as a basis for future researches in the direction of guidance, management and behavior of employees in order to provide executive strategies and policies for officials and decision makers in the organization of Astan Quds Razavi. To be placed in the direction of guiding, guiding, monitoring and controlling the spirituality of human resources.

The occurrence of crime is one of the social harms that have adverse and destructive consequences for the society. Therefore, in order to prevent these damages, the institutions involved, including the media, can have an impact in preventing its occurrence and ultimately reducing crimes. The main goal of the current research was to investigate the role of radio and television news in increasing criminal knowledge and reducing citizens' crimes.

survey type and the statistical population included people aged 15 and older living in Tehran. The sample size was selected using Cochran's formula, 384 people were selected using multi-stage sampling method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, and descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used in the data analysis.

20.4% of the changes in the knowledge of the audience can be predicted with the variables of education, following the news of crime and crime, feeling of security, fear of crime and reducing crimes. The coefficient of determination showed that with 4 independent variables, "fear of crime", "sense of security", "increase in knowledge" and "education", it predicted 80.9% of the variance of the dependent variable (i.e. reducing the amount of crimes).

more the respondents fear crime, the more security they feel, the more knowledge they have, the more education they have, the less crime they will commit.

Religion and technology are pervasive phenomena of human life and their interaction has taken various forms. The purpose of this research is to formulate types of synergy between religion and technology (superficial, incorrect and incomplete). Also, a favorable and responsible approach to this relationship is presented from the perspective of a technological person and a religious person. The purpose of religion is to educate a person; The highest goal of religious education is to reach closeness as a formative reality; So, in this research, the effect of synergy between religion and technology is explained and analyzed to clarify its effect in reaching this goal. The research method is descriptive-analytical. The findings show that although religion and technology can benefit from each other in multiple ways, sharing in the search for excellence has caused new aspects of their synergy. In this research, the type of religious man's encounter with technology and the technological man's encounter with religion are drawn. The focal position of the concept of closeness in Islamic education is paid attention to highlight the superstructure and underlying reflections on the relationship between religion and technology for the guardians of education who are interested in both religious growth and the intelligentization of educational centers and content. The results of the research show that the face of technology itself and its aspects that serve the basic needs of mankind, consciously or unconsciously lead to closeness; But when technology is used for selfish human policies and procedures, it is destructive and undesirable.