جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « public culture » در نشریات گروه « علوم انسانی »

"Superheroes" are one of the most important products of popular culture, which with unique costumes and powers, have been spread since the second quarter of the 20th century in comic strips and comic books, and in the last twenty years, they have been one of the dominant filmmaking trends in Hollywood. Regardless of critical views, these films have affected the economic cycle of cinema, and have become a dominant discourse and a common language, so this article is trying to provide a coherent interpretation of them. In this study, based on the ideas of Walter Benjamin, German theorist related to the Frankfurt School, about the disenchantment of myth in modern culture, the anxieties caused by urbanization in superhero movies are focused on, and the psychological, social and political crises after the attack to New York on September 11, 2001, has been examined as one of the most important reasons for the prosperity of this type of cinema. The study method is based on library data, and describing and analyzing the visual and thematic features of the movies adapted from the more well-known superhero characters, including Superman and Batman (from DC) and Spider-Man (from Marvel), separately. In the conclusion of this study, the anxieties caused by the dominance of technology over nature, crime and terrorism, anarchism, the culture industry and human distortion in capitalist society, aliens and the fear of death and the destruction of humanity, is considered as the most important factors in the demythology of superheroes in today's cinema.

Social networks and modern media challenge the traditional media by constantly generating identity policies and distributing a form of active autonomy, and force its level of influence and believers to reconsider. Meanwhile, the pulpit, as one of the most traditional and political communication networks in Iran, has also challenged by the growing dominance of social media. Due to the importance of this issue, the present study has conducted a comparative survey of young people and officials about the structures of unconvincing pulpits in Iran. Accordingly, by compiling a researcher-made questionnaire, the opinions of 420 young people in Tehran and 30 active pulpits in the mosques of this city about the impact of the five structural issues of market economy, politics, ethics, religious autonomy and society. Modernity has studied on the unconvincingness of the pulpits. The results show that the most important structure in the formation of the pulpit's dissatisfaction from point of view is the inappropriate performance of officials and from the pulpit's point of view, the most important structure for the formation of the pulpit's satiety is the problems of the modern world. Hence, it seems that the phenomenon of pulpit persuasion in Iran is one of the examples that has disrupted the dynamic and two-way relationship between public culture and official culture.

The purpose of the present research was to institutionalize the effective factors of the public culture of public sports in the society. The method of doing this mixed research was exploratory. The statistical community includes specialists and experts (sports managers, etc.) to discover the factors of institutionalization and managers, specialists and experts to determine the weighting of the factors and a population sample of 1500 people in the 5 districts of North, South, East, West and the center of Tehran city with They were randomly selected. The measurement tool for data collection was a questionnaire made by a researcher in the field of institutionalizing the effective factors of public sports culture, and the face validity of the questionnaires was approved by the professors of sports management, as well as their final validity using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.95. were approved. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and confirmatory factor analysis through SPSS and Lisrel software. The findings showed that the most important dimension in the institutionalization of sports and the effective factors in the culturalization of public sports, based on the factor loadings, was the organizational dimension with a factor loading of 1.07. After that, there were the individual dimension with a factor load of 0.82, the group dimension with a factor load of 0.72 and finally the environmental dimension with a factor load of 0.65. The conclusion is that in the institutionalization of culture, it is necessary to pay attention and prioritize organizational, individual, group and finally environmental aspects by Tehran Municipality and related institutions.

Game and entertainment is important for filling leisure time, enhancing intelligent and memory, transferring some cultural and social disciplines, and life’s skills. Verbal games are one of the most famous and common kind of games. The primary element of them is discourse and speech؛ which is counted as a subdivision of common verbal literature. These verbal games have different forms in the zones of the country and follow different goals. Verbal games can be classified into two general categories:1) language 2) way of performing. All verbal games have an entertaining aspect, besides being entertaining, they also have other functions. These are include strengthing the vocal chords and speaking power in children, increasing the vocabulary and familiarity with terms and proverbs, strengthing decision-making power.One of the most important benefits of learning verbal games can be to improve self-confidence and prevent children’s self-deprecation, teach individual skills such as forming sentences, familiarizing with letters of the alphabet, making new words, familiarizing with sounds, and colors, and getting to know grades academic orders.This research has been done in a descriptive and analytic way based on library studies and existing documents as well as field studies in the field of games.

Abstract
The main purpose of the current research is to design a paradigmatic model for the development of public culture in the primary school curriculum with a data-based approach. The participants of the research included specialists and experts in the field of curriculum studies and social sciences, whose selection was done in a targeted manner; by snowball type. The research data were collected through studying the theoretical scope of the research and interviewing experts. In addition, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 experts and the researcher reached theoretical saturation in the data. The obtained data was analyzed by Strauss-Corbin analysis method. After the open, central and selective coding stage, the aforementioned pattern was paradigmatically divided into 5 dimensions: causal conditions, background conditions, strategies, intervening conditions, consequences; and including 17 components of necessity and needs, goals and objectives of the program, ideology governing the society, basics of curriculum planning, program approach, learning materials and resources, space (place), time, organizational factors, parents' participation, implicit learning (informal program - hidden lesson program), content, learning experiences, teaching-learning methods, teacher's role, evaluation. The results of the program were formed around the core category of the model, i.e. the development of public culture; and were validated by experts in the field of curriculum using the Delphi technique and brainstorming.
Extended abstract
Public culture as one of the branches of culture and of course its most important branch is the culture that is common to all members of the society. Public culture is one of the main building blocks of culture and it can be considered as a set of cultural elements that are needed by all the people of a society (Saeedi Kia et al, 2016). The impact of public culture is pervasive because all members of the society need it, and it has an impact on the fate of a nation, and requires macro-cultural policies. Based on this, it is possible to identify the damages of public culture and plan to fix them using the facts.
The government, governmental organizations, and councils in charge of public culture are responsible for guiding, directing and politicizing the field of public culture, and they must make the necessary plans to reform and promote public culture. Meanwhile, as the first official institution that is responsible for education in the society, education should take an important step by culture training, stabilization of cultural components, and a special look at the desired public culture of the society through using a suitable model for the development of public culture in the students' curriculum.
Therefore, the researcher asked the main question: what is the design of the paradigm model of the development of public culture in the curriculum of the elementary school with a data-based approach?
 
Theoretical Framework
The public culture is a powerful network and effective amalgamation of knowledge, tendencies and general attitudes of the society, while ambiguous and intangible, whose existence and presence is felt in the society, and makes us subordinate with its power in all dimensions of life. Therefore, the awareness of the public culture in the society and the factors influencing it is very important among the people's policy makers and curriculum planners who are in charge of transferring cultural concepts to the content of the curriculum. Curriculum ethnology means studying the impact of school or university culture on the curriculum in order to use deep analysis to show what actually happens in the situation of cultural curriculum implementation and what patterns influence cultural development. (Ayati & Khosh Daman, 2012).
Yarn Tecy (2022) has stated in an article titled "Culture change managers of urban public schools" with a phenomenological study on the effective practices of transformational leaders that leadership in a culture of change, which means creating a culture, is not just changing a structure. He sought to understand the characteristics of a cultural change manager in culture building in a city government school environment and the effective leadership of managers, and he came to the conclusion that a cultural change manager emphasizes the component of relationships as a main component and creates cohesion through collaborative conversations.
Luzmore et al, (2021) have conducted a study titled "Self-interest and altruism and how ethical imperatives in culture are navigated in a high-stakes culture by school leaders" and the experience of educational leadership in UK public schools with an outline of the history of public education and the evaluation of the performance of education as a part of competitive economic-political change has been investigated, and came to the conclusion that school managers in England promote a culture of responsibility and independence and have the ability to regulate and shape their organizational culture and have an influential position in their schools; but the embedded marketing approach to education in England has led to practices that are ethically troubling, and high levels of exclusion for students from vulnerable groups and non-inclusive practices for students with special educational needs should be addressed.
Research The governing approach of this research is qualitative, which was conducted using the paradigm data-based theory research method. The theoretical scope of the research, the study of upstream documents, and also semi-structured interviews has been used for collecting information and data. The participants in the interview were specialists and experts in the field of curriculum studies and social sciences, some of whom were selected using targeted sampling, and the researcher reached theoretical saturation by conducting interviews with 12 experts.
Research To analyze the collected data, according to the goals and questions of the research, the Strauss and Corbin coding method was used; and the information obtained from the interviews with the target people were analyzed, using the content analysis technique in the data-based theory in three stages of open coding, central, and selective, and were formed according to 5 dimensions of causal conditions, background conditions, strategies, intervening conditions, and consequences; and including 17 components of necessity and needs, goals and objectives of the program, ideology governing the society, basics of curriculum planning, program approach, learning materials and resources, space (place), time, organizational factors, parents' participation, implicit learning (informal program - hidden curriculum), content, learning experiences, teaching-learning methods, teacher's role, evaluation. Program results was formed based on the core category of the model, i.e. public culture development, and validated by experts in the field of curriculum using the Delphi technique and brainstorming.
The current research was conducted with the aim of designing a paradigm model for the development of public culture in the primary school curriculum with a data-based approach. The results of this study are in line with the results of Hanteroplus et al, (2021), Araghiye (2021), Khanfer (2021), Shahidi et al, (2012), and Naseri & Armand (2021). The development of public culture is an abstract concept with many inclusions at different levels of the educational system, and includes the expectation of the convergence of all elements; from the Supreme Council of Education as the highest decision-making level to the classroom level even outside the school to achieve the goals of the elementary course curriculum. Designing, compiling, implementing and evaluating are the four basic stages of the curriculum planning system. Each of them has a specific pattern or patterns. The design pattern mainly has a value and general aspect, and the curriculum elements are determined and designed according to the value orientation. The design of curriculum elements is based on value analysis and philosophical implications; in the design of the public culture development model in the primary school curriculum, all the components determined in the form of curriculum model elements are used for the development of public culture and in accordance with the nature of the educational system.
The most important of these suggestions are:- Revision of the prepared template every five years in order to update it
- Developing a program and creating cultural resources based on virtual training and crisis conditions
- Suggesting the development of a program to the Supreme Council of Cultural Revolution and Education, according to the upstream documents and the combined approaches of education to face cultural harms in the era of Corona.
- Conducting research in the form of a national model for the development of public culture by experienced professors.
- The codes extracted in this study can be a good guide for deeper and more specialized studies about the partial dimensions of this curriculum.

The main goal of the research was to designing a conceptual pattern of the development of public culture in the elementary school education system with a qualitative approach and based on the grouned theory on paradigmatic data. The participants of the research were experts in the field of curriculum and social sciences (3 people in the field of social sciences and 9 people in the curriculum ) and with scientific rank in the country's universities, who were selected by theoretical and purposeful snowball type. It continued that the process of exploration and analysis reached the point of theoretical saturation. The research data were collected through the study of the theoretical scope of the research, study backgrounds and interviews with experts, and were analyzed during three stages of open, central and selective coding in the form of a paradigmatic and conceptual pattern. After the coding stage, they were theoretically validated using the Delphi and brainstorming techniques by experts in the field of curriculum. According to the findings of the research, the mentioned pattern was formed in 5 dimensions and consisting of 17 components and 347 indicators around the central category of the pattern, as the development of public culture in the curriculum.

One of the most dangerous social harms that human society has suffered from since its inception is violence, and among these, violence in the family is the most dangerous and costly type of violence. Violence in the family, like any other social phenomenon, is caused by factors that must be identified in order to combat it. Therefore, the present research in order to understand the factors of violence in the family in order to prepare the ground for combating it, the individual and social factors of this type of violence with the benefit of Quranic verses, interpretive narrations, comments of commentators and combining the results Field research has explained by descriptive analytical method. The results of the research show that factors such as jealousy between children or couples, suspicion between couples, couples not knowing each other or parents not knowing their children, discrimination between children, especially between half brothers and sisters, poverty and public culture play an effective role in the occurrence of violence in the family. It should be said that the discussion of the causes of violence is an important and fundamental matter, if not to say that its importance in fighting violence is more than the discussion of ways to prevent violence, it is not less than that. But getting into solutions requires a separate space and this research does not have the capacity to discuss factors and solutions together. Therefore, we leave the study of solutions to another opportunity.

The ideologues of the Enlightenment Dialectical, using the term Culture Industry, have presented it as a comprehensive description of mass and common deception in the capitalist system; An all-encompassing industry with an amalgam of imprisonment, incitement and deviation of public opinion in a seemingly rational and free society. The Culture Industry integrates all these intellectual and practical anxieties and disturbances in its commercial glamor, and by refining its product - which is a reflection of the directional, deceptive and antielitist propositions of the capitalism - it captures the mentality of society and popular culture. By following the path of cure through the two channels of art and ethics, a plan is inferred that can raise hopes of curbing the waves of the cultural industry, or safety against its pervasive dominance. Analyzing this path from the perspective of the founders of the Frankfurt School, the present article first describes the ideal relationship between art and ethics with the prospect of a successful exit from the fence of the cultural industry. But, and after a critical consideration of the moral-artistic consequences in question, the path drawn in Adorno's and Horkheimer's long reflections as a way out of the cultural industry seems to have failed in practice and even in an unexpected direction. It is self-defeating or contradictory, because: a) to resort to negative ethics and conceptual art will be disconnected from public culture. B) The fruit of this seclusion is limited to agora movements. C) This safe living world, as an integral part of the cultural industry, is still indebted to capitalist relations. This result, which is far from the demands of these philosophers, is the forced result of the relations governing the modern industrial society, which can bring its enemy to the inevitable trading market. In this process, the supply of cultural products is also recognized as part of the consumable distribution network. Works whose claim is to strengthen those with negative morality and (anti) aesthetic uniqueness are also entered in this market. If the preparation of these elitist products does not require exorbitant material costs and does not fall into the box office trap and culture market with an eye on the return of investment, it is at least prone to be imitated and even promoted by the owners of capital marketing. Because the speed of reproduction is a solidifying element for the consolidation of the culture industry. In this way and as a paradoxical situation, just as the inventor or user of environmentally polluting products promotes the use of bicycles to reduce pollution, the agents of the commodification of culture also offer outstanding products of modern art as an alternative to popular art and culture; to benefit from both products.

One of the areas in which the Iranian criminal legislature has dealt with criminality is culture. Ethically, the criminal law of Iran has faced theoretical and philosophical challenges. The Iranian legislature, according to its own philosophical, moral, and value boundaries, determines and interprets the limitations of the theory of criminology and appeals to criminal law through these limitations. Within the scope of government, intervention is not a sufficient behavior for criminalization, but in addition to considering the theoretical limitations of criminalization, a number of limitations in the criminalization of the field of culture, this area faces many practical challenges and on the one hand, the legislator on the issue of criminal necessity. That is, resorting to criminal law and using informal social control tools before any criminal intervention and matching and coordinating criminal titles in the field of culture with the general expectations of society and the principle of explicit attention, and on the other hand, assessing the benefits and harms of criminality in culture The possibilities of the criminal justice system, the creation of discriminatory territories and the possibility of abuse in law enforcement, the risk of weakening the moral power of criminal law, disarmament and potential criminalization of criminal law as a result of the process of labeling and shaping the conditions Due to criminalization, some criminal behaviors in the field of culture have not been considered.

Public culture and language have conventional and intersecting boundaries with formal literature, and the interaction between these two fields has always existed in our literary history. However, such interaction has been more salient in some intellectual trends and genres. One genre of prose that is deeply linked to the public language and culture is theosophists’ verbal speech, part of which is known as “Ma’arif”. The influence that the public language and culture has on these texts is not just limited to the aesthetic use of a few elements or the speakers’ lived culture.  Rather, it has a strong association with the substructure and superstructure of these works. The present research is an analytic-description study aimed at a better perception and identification of the interaction between formal and public literature in the area of mystical literature through analyzing three works of Baha valad Ma’arif, Burhan al-Din Muhaqqiq Tirmidhi Ma’arif, and Sultan Walad Ma’arif. Scrutiny into the text lines interwoven into the areas of public culture and language and analysis of the ground and elements of created pictures revealed precious and perhaps forgotten details about public language and culture and its development through time.  Furthermore, such analysis has been useful to understand these texts and to recognize the structure of their speakers’ thought and culture, besides disclosing their anthropological tendencies.

Various factors affect the realization or non-realization of citizenship rights, such as public culture. What was studied in this study by descriptive and analytical methods as well as sociological approach was the general culture of Iran and citizenship rights. In general, what are the obstacles to the realization of citizenship rights in Iran? In this study, it was concluded that elements such as mythology, individualism, emotionalism, distrust, secrecy, violence, expediency, superficiality, imitation, tribalism and self-centeredness as part of the general Iranian culture, are the most important factors of non-realization of citizenship is in Iran. The purpose of this study was to carefully examine the general culture in Iranian society, to explain the areas of its impact and obstacles to the realization of citizenship rights.

The aim of this study was to analyze the content of elementary school Persian books.This research is of descriptive type and is in the group of applied research.The tool used in this research is content analysis.Using this method, the analysis of Persian textbooks for the elementary school as well as the general objectives of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the objectives of the elementary course and the objectives of the Persian course were discussed.The statistical population consisted of six Persian books(let's read)in the elementary school in the academic year 2019-2020, which were examined by counting method.Findings indicate that the elements of public culture have a great effect on promoting the level of public culture and students should be familiar with the components of public culture in which they live through textbooks. At the end of the elementary school, in the fourth, fifth, and sixth grades, they gain a better understanding of the cultural issues of their society, and as a result, in the sixth grade, much attention is paid to the cultural components.The results of content analysis showed that the prioritization of the components of public culture(general religious and moral values, legal norms, national symbols, religious symbols)in Persian books in the six primary grades are close to each other.While in the content of Persian books of elementary school, among the components of general culture of Persian textbooks, the highest frequency is in the component of"general religious and moral values" and the lowest frequency is in the component of religious symbols.

The present study was conducted with the aim of providing a model for integrating the development of the agendas of the Public Culture Council. Research in terms of applied purpose; In terms of data, it was an exploratory mix and in terms of nature, it was a cross-sectional survey method based on data theory. The statistical population was the qualitative stage of experts in the field of research that was sampled by purposeful method and snowball. The community was a small group of members and staff of the Council of Public Culture and the Supreme Council of the Cultural Revolution now and in the past, and a number of managers and experts of the Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance, numbering 340 people. Samples were taken. The data collection tools were qualitative stage, documents and Delphi interview, and in the quantitative part, there was a questionnaire. In order to validate the instrument, face and content validity were used and to determine the reliability of the instrument, Cronbach's alpha was used. The method of qualitative data analysis was open, axial and selective coding and confirmatory factor analysis test was used to analyze quantitative data. The results obtained in the qualitative stage resulted in presenting a model for integrating the agendas of the Public Culture Council with 6 dimensions, 21 components and 135 indicators. In the quantitative part, the performance of the confirmatory factor analysis test confirmed the findings obtained in the qualitative part. Finally, the model is drawn in the form of six elements of underlying factors, causal factors, intervening factors, strategies and consequences.

The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying the elements that make up the integration pattern of agendum of the Public Culture Council of the country. The research is applied in terms of purpose, qualitative data based on the foundation data method and descriptive in terms of the nature of implementation. The statistical population consisted of experts and key informants in the field of research subject area (Public Culture Council) that based on a conscious approach and a purposeful method and snowballs, 12 people were selected for interview. For data gathering, library method (documentation) and field method (interview and Delphi technique) were used. In order to determine the validity of the findings, interviews with focal individuals and theoretical saturation techniques, special coding procedures and to determine the validity of data collection techniques from multiple sources, analysis of negative cases and flexibility of the method were used. Finally, theoretical coding technique was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the integration pattern of the composition of the Public Culture Council has 6 dimensions, 32 components and 136 indicators. The components of the final paradigm model are: causal conditions (upstream documents, temporal and spatial conditions and conditions, managerial and organizational decisions and behaviors and technological developments); Interventional conditions (political, economic, cultural-social, religious and mental-perceptual factors); The prevailing context (macro-cultural policies, macro-cultural management, mass media and gatherings, cultural centers, elite groups, and past history and events); Central category (composition of the Council of Public Culture); Strategies (macro-cultural planning, interpersonal and inter-institutional interactions, and capacity building and cultural modeling) and Consequences (efficiency and effectiveness of council decisions and improvement of public culture and reduction of social problems).

The management of social protests by exploiting the capacities of public culture has always been considered.

The purpose of this article is to identify the roots of social protests in Iran, the most important of them and strategies for managing protests by recognizing the pattern of public culture in Iranian society, based on the question of what is the appropriate model for managing social protests in Iran.

This is a type of developmental and applied research that was conducted in the field of social protests, using theoretical and library studies in the research literature section and an expert meeting with twenty security elites and administrators and a number of Azad University students. . The validity of the questionnaires in this section was achieved through five elites and managers in the field of security. In the section of providing a model of public culture suitable for managing social protests in Iran, the opinions of 100 experts in the field of culture and security were exploited. On obtaining its validity through experts and achieving its reliability through Cronbach's alpha, their proposed conceptual model in four dimensions including their components and indicators was obtained.

The findings showed that the roots of social protests in Iranian society in terms of issues, economic, political and social, are mainly cultural. Which can be managed by emphasizing the pattern of public culture and its dimensions, components and indicators. Providing a suitable model for managing social protests in Iran is based on public culture.

The concept of literacy today, has been transformed from the ability to read and write, or the ability to use language to read, write, listen and speak, which only provides the initial aspect of communication, to understand concepts, ideas and thoughts. A "literate" refers to a person who is capable of knowing, understanding, interpreting, constructing, communicating, and using printed and written material in a variety of contexts.  Statistics literacy is a very important skill in dealing with data and statistical information that is growing rapidly today. As this basic skill is developed, followed by public demands and the desire to use statistics and statistics to build a better life, it is important to pay attention to this need. As this basic skill is developed, and subsequently, the public demands and desire to use statistics and statistic information to build a better life, meeting this need is important.  Therefore, survey as a technique for collecting, converting data into accurate information and reporting requires a general culture. In other word, statistical literacy can grow in a context of public culture that is supported both by surveying and data gathering groups including 'producers', 'consumers' and 'participants', as well as by caring for their transformation and presentation. Accordingly, the present paper attempts to provide a framework in this regard.

This book discuss and define cultural policy in countries such as:America,France and countries with legacy of Coloniality or Internal Coloniality and the Olympics opening ceremony,an internationally recognized platform for a host country to present their national identiy and their cultural policy.The Author use comparative methodology for this research because this method would explain the wide variability in modes of cultural policy as a reflection of broader political ideological and administrative traditions

Understanding the different aspects of culture and awareness of every people' thought method, is possible by studying the beliefs and rituals, proverbs and The public opinion of people in that country. The aim of this study was study the woman' place in beliefs and public culture of Jahrom city in Fars province. in this study that was performwd according to academy of cultur and characters in anthropology that explored and analyzed the common features and compositions about women. The results show that in this ancient region, women in most affairs have a dominated and worse position than men. The hesitancy in public culture and literature of this city points that laws governing on family and social relationships, is totally patriarchal and women are often marginalized and they rely men heavily. Characteristics that used for women, in most cases, are inappropriate and animal properties to justify patriarchy and violence against women. pedagogy, educational method and also common pattern of culture among people had more important role in women affairs and making the inequality between women and men.