جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « threats » در نشریات گروه « علوم انسانی »

Educational spaces are among strategic urban land uses. that use the principles of passive defense as the most important measures to reduce their risk against threats and increased security and safety and the improvement of their sustainability is considered. The aim of this research, identify and evaluate the indicators of the safety western sector of elementary schools is bandar Imam khomeini city with an emphasis on passive defense. The current research is applied and the research method is survey evaluation with emphasis on the questionnaire. The statistical populations are all managers, assistants, teachers, and several experts of the department of education and some city officials of bandar imam khomeini city, and the determined sample size is 117 people. To ass the data distribution normality, the kolmogorov-sminrov test was used, and to check the research variables status the structural equation modeling using the partial least squares (PLS) method the SMARTPLS software was used and for weighting and shannon entropy and codas models were used for ranking the selected research schools. The research findings from the PLS test to determine the level of safety and risk taking of these schools reveal that: the equipment index with an impact factor of 0.842 is the highest rate and the proximity and accessibility index with 0.595 has the lowest rate impact among the research indicators. similarly, the results of the ranking schools located in the study area and the calculation of the selected research indicators by the codas model, level of safety and risk taking setayesh school with a final score of 0.625 (Hi) was in good situation(first place) and sizdeh aban school with a final score of 0.125 was in adverse situation (last place) among the investigated indicators.

In Mazandaran province, nearly 230,000 hectares of land are used for rice cultivation, and in recent years, approximately 85,000 hectares of land have been under second rice cultivation. In 2021, about 300,000 tons of paddy rice were harvested in the rice fields of Mazandaran from the second cultivation, which had a financial turnover of more than 10,000 billion tomans for the agricultural economy of the province. Therefore, organizing the second cultivation is undoubtedly better than its complete elimination. Nowadays, second cultivation is done in different parts of the world. Farmers in Southeast Asia and some countries of Latin America, which are located in the tropical region, cultivate rice up to three times a year due to abundant rainfall in all seasons and suitable climatic conditions.Every year, the first cultivation of rice is done in 110,000 hectares of paddy fields in the Haraz catchment area, which is located in the counties of Amol, Babol, Fereydunkenar, Mahmoudabad, and Babolsar, about 20 to 30 days earlier than in the eastern part of the province. For this reason, the largest area of second cultivation is also in this area. Rice farming is one of the most important agricultural activities in Mazandaran and a significant source of income for farmers in the province. With an annual production of over one million tons, 42% of the country's rice needs are met in this province. Statistics demonstrate that the per capita consumption of rice for each Iranian is about 36 kilograms, indicating an annual consumption of more than 3.1 million tons in the country. Approximately 2.2 million tons of rice are annually supplied from domestic production, and the remainder needs to be imported. Therefore, governmental supportive policies for self-sufficiency on the one hand, and the financial needs of small landowners on the other hand, urge farmers to engage in second rice cultivation in some coastal areas of Mazandaran Province due to favorable climatic conditions. However, considering the water scarcity challenge in Iran and the transfer of flowing water from Mazandaran Province to other parts of the country, the second cultivation of rice caused some worries and concerns that should be taken into consideration.

This study is in review form and the terms of the method is descriptive-analytical based on field studies. The method of collecting data is based on library and field research.  The study population consists of 2,565 households from eight villages in Laleh Abad District of Babol County, with a sample size of 330 rural households determined by using the Cochran formula. Multiple indices were included in the questionnaire and measured at different levels (nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio). The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts, and its reliability, using Cronbach's alpha, was calculated as 0.86 in the SPSS environment. The distribution and completion of questionnaires among rural households were conducted based on the proportion of the population in the villages by systematic simple random sampling. Data analysis was performed using gamma correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis in the SPSS software. In addition, ArcGIS software was used to prepare and adjust the map.

The results of the Friedman test, while indicating the significant impact of second rice cultivation on the economic prosperity of rural households, also reveal significant differences among various economic indices. On the other hand, the results of Gamma correlation analysis represent a significant relationship and correlation between various environmental damages and the unchecked expansion of second rice cultivation. Moreover, the calculation of the adjustment coefficient and coefficient of determination in multiple linear regression analysis indicates that the environmental threats surveyed in the current research are up to 65% dependent on the indiscriminate expansion of second rice cultivation. Therefore, in order to strengthen the economic prosperity of the second cultivation and prevent the possible destruction of the rural environment, optimum planning of the second rice cultivation is inevitable in order to maintain the rural environment in the framework of land-use planning.

Unfortunately, in recent years, there has been a dual policy regarding the second cultivation of rice, which has confused many farmers and villagers. On one hand, government support policies in the Sixth Development Plan emphasize rice self-sufficiency, and on the other hand, provincial managers encourage farmers to cultivate other crops with less income that do not require as much water as rice.However, field studies indicated that the second rice cultivation needs Well water only in the first four weeks and the rest of the growing process is provided by rainwater, which is not part of flowing water, and its consumption has no effect on reducing the level of underground water. Given that the coastal villages of Mazandaran are considered highly water-abundant areas with surplus water resources, presenting an appropriate cultivation pattern, seed modification, encouraging farmers to cultivate early-yielding and resistant crops, adhering to cropping calendars, and presenting a comprehensive and executable plan can bring a portion of the land under second rice cultivation. So, within the framework of sustainability principles and land-use planning, it prevents possible damage to the rural environment, while providing comprehensive benefits.

Since the country's unmanned aerial vehicles are considered as national capital in the third dimension of the war (air power) Assess their status and the extent of vulnerability in dealing with a variety of possible detectable air threats, including bird control and command systems, 4th and 5th generation fighter aircraft available to trans-regional and regional countries And secondly, the presence of a strong ground air defense shield are all serious threats to the identification of existing birds with regard to their important identification factors such as the shape, size and appearance of the sunshine, engine exhaust pipe, radio frequency emissions, hot spots and weaponry installed under the bird in a tangible way for radar identification and the types of sensors installed on the mentioned enemy systems (both aerial and ground).In this research, the factors of reducing the vulnerability to aerial threats of unmanned birds as complement to the manned birds (pre-flight, during flight and during landing) in order to enhance the combat capability of the aerial field has been investigated and investigated. In order to achieve the above, experts of the armed forces and scientific centers as the statistical population and the sample population corresponds to the statistical population (40 people) In this research The method of collecting data is a library method and its collection tools are through (observation, questionnaire, and documents). Finally, by performing statistical analysis and the results, the summing up cases and solutions and suggestions are presented.

Geological diversity has created a new branch of the tourism industry called geotourism , where geological and geomorphological features are explored . The main focus of geotourism on geological elements includes two items, form and process . There is a set of geological forms and processes in places , which are called geosites . This has given rise to a new branch of tourism called geotourism , which examines places that have the ability to attract tourists and management aspects that can help the local community for economic development. In the first stage , it is very important to know the abilities and characteristics of the studied area . Scientific, tourism and educational evaluation of geosites in the region is the basis for optimal exploitation and sustainable development. In recent years, more attention has been paid to the Garmsar region, which has led to the development of geotourism. The impact of tourists and mines that have been created by humans, the Tastkan caves that have changed the strength of the salt caves, and also the role of natural factors, have all led to the environment's reaction

Cyberspace and the social networks, like many other emerging phenomena, have positive and negative consequences in various aspects of life. The impact of this environment is an undeniable fact and the extent of this impact on the national security of countries is more than other areas. despite the opportunities, changes and developments that it creates, it has many threats and problems for national security. The purpose of this study is to identify the threats that social networks create to national security infrastructure. data was collected using grounded theory method and in-depth interview technique with 16 experts in the field of politics and cyberspace. Data were analyzed by open, axial and selective coding methods using Strauss and Corbin approach. The results showed that virtual social networks can be a serious threat to national security by destroying and weakening national security infrastructure, ie: social, political, cultural, economic and environmental security. The research results have been analyzed in the form of a paradigm model.

Considering the widespread presence of social networks and mobile phone software in families and the increasing use of this by family members, this research article aims to design a model to explain the components of the tendency to social networks. Is. The study population of the research includes all the articles related to the research topic. In order to carry out the research, after designing the research questions, a systematic search was conducted based on relevant keywords, social networks, internet, virtual space from databases that include all valid domestic scientific-research publications from 1388 to 1396. There have been. The results of the review of 36 articles out of 72 primary articles of the researchers identified 8 dimensions as the main dimensions of the tendency towards social networks, which were mentioned in various domestic researches in the years 2018 to the end of 2016; have identified Based on these dimensions, the final integrated model has been presented and validated. This article, by identifying all the dimensions of the trend towards social networks in the available sources from 1388 to the end of 1396, can be used as a basis for identifying the causes of the trend towards social networks in Iran for researchers and other groups, such as the program Rizan and government administrators should be placed for community education.

This study was conducted to identify the opportunities and threats posed by the Internet and its effects on the psychological well-being of online children and adolescents. This qualitative research had a synthesis design based on Roberts’ six-step research synthesis model. The statistical population of the study was comprised of all national and international research and scientific articles related to the research topic in the period of 2000-2021. 250 of such sources which were collected from various databases were reviewed and analyzed based on the research input criteria. The results of the study revealed that online children and adolescents have opportunities such as socialization and communication with others, self-expression and identity formation, learning and development of creativity, personal growth and self-acceptance and threats such as anxiety and depression, sleep disorder, low self-esteem, social isolation, lack of self-acceptance, Internet addiction, academic failure, cyberbullying, suicide and sexual abuse, each of which can affect their psychological well-being.

Security policy making is one of the most important security issues of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the reason for this is that the Islamic Republic of Iran, as a country with its own strategic geographical position, has always been exposed to a multitude of threats at different levels in the contemporary world. Security For the security of the country and to deal with threats, it seems necessary to pay attention to the policies of how to deal with such threats in the field of security. The purpose of this research is to understand the security policy according to the top documents of the Islamic Republic of Iran, which were announced by the Supreme Leader. The main question is that according to the documents of the Islamic Republic of Iran, to what extent and to what degree is it effective and responsive to current issues in times of crises and threats? Security is used in upstream documents and it is considered as applied research, and the method used in data analysis is qualitative method. The preliminary findings of the research indicate that the upstream documents of the Islamic Republic of Iran pay special attention to security policy in all dimensions. Security policy, national security, threats and upstream documents are the things that are discussed in the twenty-year vision document and development laws, including the fifth law of development.

The main goal of the current research is to "identify the opportunities and threats of electronic public relations in the university from the perspective of students of communication sciences in Tehran". The method of the current research is a survey type and was collected using the questionnaire technique. The statistical population in the current research is master's and doctoral students in the field of communication sciences in Tehran, 225 of whom were selected as a statistical sample based on Cochran's formula. The results of the research based on statistical tests (binomial, Friedman) show that the ranking The opportunities and threats are significant from the point of view of the respondents, and according to other students of communication sciences, they have different ratings of the opportunities and threats of electronic public relations. From their point of view, the variables "cost savings", "freedom from time and place limitations" and "elimination of administrative bureaucracy" respectively have the highest priority as opportunities in electronic public relations, and on the other hand, the variables "insufficient and unequal training" public to use information technologies", "lack of necessary and basic infrastructure in the discussion of information technologies" and "incomplete security in electronic public relations" respectively have the highest place as threats in electronic public relations. Based on the results of statistical tests, "holding educational workshops, preparing computer systems, increasing software security, using social networks, applications, websites and cloud systems" are solutions that can help reduce potential threats and increase opportunities.applications, websites and cloud systems" are solutions that can help reduce potential threats and increase opportunities.​

Protecting witnesses against threats is a manifestation of adherence to the principles of fair proceedings and guaranteeing the rights of both parties in a criminal case, however, the practice of different countries in this field is different, the law of criminal procedure while developing several legal articles and also establishing executive regulations for the article 214 C.P.A. has taken a big step towards the implementation of this task. Although the protection of all kinds of life, material and dignified values ​​of witnesses in Iranian law is considered a positive point, but the challenges and basic questions regarding the quality of protection of witnesses of special security crimes and economic corruptions, vulnerable and intimidated witnesses, the need to pay full attention to The financial dimensions and the allocation of legal and psychological assistance and the use of the capacities of restorative justice and civil society as well as the quality of the conflict of these protective measures with the rights of the accused can still be proposed and need to be answered. From the library sources, in the process of comparative study and presenting numerous comparative examples, an attempt has been made to answer and present suitable examples to the Iranian legislator. Considering the numerous suggestions of the article, it is evident that, along with the necessity of practical application of legal regulations and executive regulations, the Iranian legislator should take serious and firm steps in order to adopt special protective measures for vulnerable witnesses, provide wider financial support to witnesses and provide legal assistance and take psychological counseling.

The emergence of the Corona pandemic in the world overshadowed all aspects of human life; So that the post-corona world has significant differences with the pre-corona world, and this phenomenon has been accompanied by countless opportunities and threats in the field of human life. Knowing these opportunities and these threats is mandatory for today's humans; Because peace is realized when a person reaches a balance by correctly interacting with the changes in the world around him, and this balance is possible with correct knowledge. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the opportunities and threats of the corona virus (Covid-19) in the religious-ethical and rational dimensions through the lived experiences of elementary school teachers. The current research is qualitative and phenomenological. With the help of targeted sampling, 18 people from the community were studied. Semi-structured interview method was used to collect data. The information was analyzed with the help of Clayey's seven-step method. The findings of this research can be divided into three general religious-ethical and rational dimensions, each of which includes several components, and the participants have expressed different opinions about each of these components, which are detailed in this article. Paying attention to all the threats and opportunities of corona disease is emphasized in this research in order to compile comprehensive plans to use its opportunities and eliminate the threats arising from it.

The cement industry is one of the key industries in economic development and plays a significant role in the development of the country’s infrastructure. The aim of the current research is to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats facing the cement industry and to provide solutions to improve it in order to realize the vision document of the industry, as well as recommendations for policy makers in the seventh economic development plan. In this research, the state of the cement industry has been described based on reports and statistics, and further, analytically based on articles, reports and related documents, suggestions have been presented to strengthen the cement industry. According to the results of the current research, the high capacity of cement production, access to high-quality raw materials and abundant energy resources are among the most important strengths of the cement industry; And the directive policy to control the base price in the commodity exchange, the excess production and supply of cement and the limited market for this product, the reduction of the construction budget and economic stagnation in the country are among the most important weaknesses of the cement industry. One of the most important opportunities available is the proximity to the target markets, the construction development program of the 13th government and the demand for cement to build 4 million national houses and discover new export markets. One of the most important threats is the possibility of freeing the energy rate and increasing the energy consumption rate, environmental restrictions and imposing restrictions on the import of cement by the export target countries through the imposition of tariffs. On this basis, the continuous implementation of housing construction plans for low-income groups, improvement of construction budgets through the implementation of performance-based budgeting in devices and the resulting savings...; Improving the business environment is one of the effective factors in economic prosperity by removing annoying laws, creating investment security, removing international restrictions, ... with the efforts and assistance of the judiciary, the Ministry of Security and Economy, etc.; Strengthening the country’s foreign policy and economic diplomacy in order to support exports by carrying out some activities such as untangling banking restrictions in order to solve the problem of excess production and supply of cement, among the solutions and recommendations for policymakers to improve the state of the cement industry.

Resilience is defined to enhance the ability of the community, planning and readiness to achieve and improve more success in dealing with adverse effects of catastrophes providing the view of repairing and improving the injured community. Resilience of critical infrastructure in the face of disasters, before, during and after a crisis is essential for proper response and recovery. Critical aspects of resilience, such as planning for hazardous situations and engaging with the calculation of infrastructures' interdependence must be understood so that managers can enhance system resilience. Wastewater transmission and treatment system is considered as one of the important urban infrastructures. Due to the large volume of available wastewater, uninterrupted operation of the sewerage system for the metropolis of Tehran is really important. This performance in the face of unexpected events is a function of its system resilience. The purpose of the current study is to evaluate the resilience of the wastewater-transmission tunnel infrastructure of Tehran metropolitan to the treatment plant of Firooz Bahram. Also, methods of collecting data are based on library resources and face-to-face interview. Thus, considering the threats of the assets of the sewage transfer tunnel, the effective factors in its resilience are presented from the its literature. Then, with the help of Infrastructure Resilience Assessment Method (IRAM), its localization for the sewage-transmission line to Firooz Bahram treatment plant will be done. The results indicate that the current situation does not have the necessary resilience and a large volume of wastewater enters and damages the urban environment and other infrastructure based on scenarios (resilience costs). At the end to address the issue, the solution "Implementation plan of sewage bypass to Kan River" will be proposed and evaluated to improve the level of resilience. Evaluation of the results for implementation of the improve - resilience strategy (primary and secondary RDR difference) approves positive effect.

Protected areas are among the most important and effective areas in the world that have been established to protect biodiversity. The use of international methods in the management of protected areas will make it possible to achieve sustainable development along with maximum protection of biodiversity. Arsbaran protected area is one of the most valuable natural resources of Iran in terms of plant and animal species and one of the nine biosphere regions of Iran. This descriptive analytical study was done to evaluate the vulnerability of Arasbaran protected area using the DPSIR model and to provide management solutions. Using the DPSIR model, driving force, pressure, situation, effect and response, threats and values of the region and the relationship between them were investigated and evaluated. Then, strategies were presented in the form of possible responses to each of the components of the DPSIR model. Eight main driving forces are population growth, tourism development, development of communication routes, animal husbandry activities, development of rural settlements, development of agricultural activities, Songun copper mining factory, and lack of coherent management for the identification area. Considering them, the pressures, situation and effects of the region were identified. The results showed that in Arsbaran protected area, the greatest impacts of regional threats on ecological values, including the loss of shrubs and trees, wildlife habitats, and the reduction of biodiversity and cultural values, are being subjected to the supports of UNESCO Environmental Protection Organization and placed at the disposal of the Human and Biosphere Program. They cause the most intensive damages to the region in terms of vulnerability, destruction and change of land use, deforestation and animal husbandry. At the end, management strategies for facing threatening factors were presented.

The League of Arab States and the African Union have responded to the threats and challenges of violent acts, especially terrorist crimes, by using political and legal discourses, and using countermeasures. Of course, a significant part of these responses to the violent and terrorist behaviors of the ISIS group in recent years are based on the developments that have occurred in the Middle East and Africa region. It should be noted that although the Arab Union officially expressed its willingness to confront terrorist groups such as ISIS, its organizational structures, legal regulations, and operational tools were much weaker than the African Union. However, in the process of confronting terrorist crimes, while creating democratic legitimacy, the League of Arab States should take effective measures to define and describe these crimes by making operational use of human rights mechanisms and standards. Of course, carrying out the above-mentioned strategies alone will not prevent and deal with the increasing growth and development of terrorist crimes, rather, governments joining the regulations of regional and even international organizations and reflecting them in internal regulations are undeniable necessary measures. The research findings of this article indicates that the need to design and compile a standard document is considered as a matter of necessity and in this process, regional organizations should adopt a single policy for the prevention and suppression of terrorist crimes while converging and consensus.  This research has been done using qualitative method and descriptive-analytical approach, and the data has been collected and analyzed in the form of documents using a fingerprinting tool.

The purpose of this study is to examine the opportunities and threats of virtual curricula.

This research is of an applied type. In conducting this research, the SWOT qualitative approach has been used in accordance with the subject. The research community consists of a group of curriculum specialists; the designers were instructors of virtual curricula and participants of these courses (students), 40 of whom were selected by purposive sampling. Research data were collected through semi-structured interviews.

Findings have shown that the most important strengths (facilitating access to the curriculum, promoting learner-centeredness in the curriculum, conducting core research, improving the quality and efficiency of teachers and creating challenges and attractiveness in the learning environment), the most important weaknesses (reducing social communication, Weak framework of elements, increasing costs, reducing teacher authority, weak evaluation and unfair evaluation), the most important opportunities (expanding educational access, investing in education, updating knowledge, expanding scientific relationships, curriculum innovation and application of education) And the most important threats (diminishing the functions of higher education, challenging professors, reducing effective goals, reducing the quality of content, increasing the level of evaluation and pessimism about the virtual curriculum.

Although virtual curriculums have faced challenges in design and implementation due to the lack of necessary infrastructure, but with the professional actions of educational officials, the weaknesses and challenges can be reduced in a way.

The approximation of religions is the common goal of the world's Muslims, which has long been the focus of Shia and Sunni religious leaders and thinkers. The approximation of Islamic religions in the international sphere is one of the important issues of the Islamic world, which has its own obstacles and challenges, and trying to find suitable solutions to overcome these challenges accelerates the process of negotiation and interaction between different religions. So far, there has been little research to collect the opinions of thinkers and explain potential solutions to strengthen the relationship between different religions at the international level; Thus, while collecting the prominent views of experts, the present study has extracted the obstacles and challenges of the approximation of Islamic religions from the available sources and divided them into two groups of external and internal factors. Then, by emphasizing the views of Imam Khomeini and the Supreme Leader, and matching the obstacles and challenges with their views, three effective strategies are presented for how to face the obstacles and challenges of the approximation of Islamic religions at the international level including belief-religious strategies, political strategies, and scientific-cultural strategies. Also, by modeling the studies conducted based on the combined method (SWOT), the content analysis method was applied to identify and categorize codes and strategies presented by Imam Khomeini and the Supreme Leader, especially the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Using the opportunities, the present study has presented solutions to neutralize threats and strengthen strengths.

Infrastructure is a unified network , where the occurrence of disruptions in a infrastructure can spread in all parts of the country and the extent of disturbance caused can affect national , economic and … state security . for this purpose , the main purpose of this research is to identify and prioritize effective environmental threats and to provide solutions to principles and principles of passive defense , after reviewing concepts , definitions , upstream documents and studing different types of threats in the field of infrastructure facilities through library and library methods , designing and distributing questionnaires among experts and related experts . then , by preparing questionnaire and prioritization of environmental factors on the basis of swot model and was evaluated by spss software . the results of this study indicate that protection of infrastructure facilities in the field of power plants with passive defense approach requires increasing knowledge of managers and experts in the country in relation to emerging threats , increasing the level of monitoring measures , applying new methods and protective equipment , observance of the principle of dispersion in design and layout of fuel tanks , holding various trainings in preparation , using effective international experiences in the field of safety .

 The primary purpose of this manuscript is to present the knowledge management strategy compilation model based on Business strategy.

This research uses quantitative and qualitative methods to extract the key components of the organization's knowledge strategy from descriptive and analytical (qualitative) methods. Quantitative and statistical methods will be used to validate the model.

The research results showed that to develop a knowledge strategy model since knowledge management processes are carried out in the organization's context, they are under the influence of the organization's background. The organization field includes 1) knowledge management enablers such as organizational factors (such as structure and culture) and technology, and 2) knowledge management drivers such as business strategy and intellectual resources of the organization. Also, knowledge and learning should support the organization's business strategy.Originality/Value: The focus of knowledge management so far is more on knowledge enablers, such as Creating a suitable cultural structure for the creation and sharing of knowledge or the development of technologies to facilitate these matters, and much less emphasis on the drivers of knowledge management such as; the mission and strategy of the organization has been realized, which makes knowledge management, although it works very well in its defined area, ultimately does not have a favorable effect on the performance of the organization. This research aims to design a model to develop a knowledge strategy and establish the correct relationship between knowledge strategy and business strategy. Then, the validation of the model will be done by obtaining experts' opinions.

Review: Oceans and seas have existed for a long time for reasons such as: culture transfer, advanced technology, speeding up trade, speeding up the delivery of will and preventing the delivery of will, rich food resources, etc. due to the special political systems. Therefore, the most important vision strategies of the leaders of political systems is to strengthen and develop the navy with a strategic approach to make the most of this infinite capacity. The political system of Islam has always paid special attention to this capacity according to the sublime goals. Accordingly, the present article has been done with the aim of enumerating the themes of the necessity of forming and developing a strategic navy based on the value principles and teachings of the religion of Islam. In this research, which has been done with a qualitative approach; Using the Theme Network Method Theme Analysis Method The five themes: Internal Depth, External Depth, Soft Threats, Semi-Hard Threats, Hard Threats as overarching themes The need to form and develop a strategic navy from an intermediate value perspective And the teachings of the religion of Islam are presented. The Navy realizes strategic security based on the comprehensive themes of sustainable security with five approaches: doctrinal, economic, socio-cultural, military-disciplinary and political for the Islamic system, which is mentioned in the conclusion.