جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « حیات اقتصادی » در نشریات گروه « تاریخ »

The life of Imam Reza can be studied and investigated in various fields, including economic life. On the one hand, like other people in his normal life, Imam had expenses, and sources of financial income, and on the other hand, he had the position of Imamate and leadership of the Shia community. Therefore, he needed a lot of sources of financial income. A methodical, scientific, accurate and historical research has not been done in this regard. The present research seeks to answer this question, what were the sources of financial income and expenses of Imam Reza in his personal life and due to his position of Imamate? This research, which was completed by a descriptive-analytical method, investigated the financial income and expenses of the Imam in two aspects of his personal life and in the position of Imamate, and reached the following results The sources of financial income of the Imam (AS) in his personal life were through endowments, agriculture, inheritance and gifts, and things such as personal expenses, family, relatives, slaves and guests were provided from these sources. As in the position of Imamate, resources such as Khums, Zakat, and unspecified received funds were used, and expenses such as alms to the poor and needy, gifts to Shiites, poets, and representatives' salaries were paid from these sources.

The Nizari Isma’ili community of Iran during the time of Hassan Sabbah was modeled on the universal Isma’ili invitation before the Nizari period (old invitation), which was composed of various social groups and had its own cultural identity with signs such as scientific center, educational system and popularity of Persian language and some knowledge. During this period, the Nizaris of Iran were able to manage the economic situation of their society with the help of the Nizaris, war booty, taxation, and some civil activities in areas under their control. The Question of the present study is about the social, cultural, and economic life of the Nizari Isma’ili of Iran during the time of Hassan Sabbah. This study aims to show the evolution of the Nizari community of Iran in its early period. The research method is descriptive-analytical based on library resources. The results indicated that during the time of Hassan Sabbah, followers of different social classes were attracted to the Nizari invitation and were able to flourish the Iranian Nizari community in cultural aspects and stabilize it in economical aspects.

The period that began with fall of the Safavids and continued until the end of the Qajar dynasty has been described with many traits. But it may be argued that except for a brief period of this long period, the absence of a central government or its inability to provide security and stability is the best description of the character of government. There is ample evidence to support this claim, but increasing insecurity in different parts of the country is evidence that the central government is becoming weaker day by day. The northeast region of Iran was experiencing a phenomenon known as the Turkmen invasions during this period. These attacks started more or less with the weakness of the central government from the end of the Safavid period and fluctuated according to the weakness and strength of the central government until the end of the Nasseri era. Travel writers who have traveled through the northeastern regions of Iran during this period have commonly referred to this phenomenon, each pointing to evidence of economic instability there. The present study tries to answer the question of what was the cause of the instability of economic life in Northeast Iran during the period of the fall of the Safavids until the end of the Nasseri era, based on the writings of these travel writers, using qualitative analysis. The research hypothesis is that the growing weakness of the government in establishing security has led to increased attacks and economic instability in the region.