جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « قرون اولیه اسلامی » در نشریات گروه « تاریخ »

Aghcheh Rish village (Aghcheh shahr), which is located in east of Charavimaq region, has a large site at west side and tombs in the center. The Aghche Rish site was excavated in November 2019 by an archeology team, from Tabriz Islamic Art University by the supervisor of prof. Mehdi Kazempour. During the activity, coins belonging to the Al-E- Buya dynasty, architectural structures, glass bracelets, so many types of potteries (Sgraffito, Garous, Aq Kand, Luster painted and Minai), daily life equipment, pottery kilns and equipment’s related to pottery kilns unearthed. Among potteries, some types of them, for example, Sgraffito, Garous, and Aq kand are the majority and other types like luster painted and Minai are very less. Archaeological evidence shows this site had been occupied from the early Islamic to middle Islamic period (9th-14th AD centuries). The evidence shows the Al-Buyeh dynasty had politically central in this site and this site had been considered one of their important sites. Now, since the Aghche Rish site is the only archaeological evidence of Al-E- Buya dynasty in northwestern Iran and so far, no archaeological information and evidence has been provided in this regard, this study intends to publish the results of the archaeological excavation. This study was done with a descriptive-analytical method and which is a method of collecting field and library information. The purpose of this study is to introduce one of the important sites of the Al-E- Buya (Salarid) dynasty in the northwest of Iran. The main question of the research is: What scientific archaeological evidence does the Aghcheh Rish site provide regarding the presence of Al-E- Buya in northwestern Iran? Based on this study, it was determined that the Aghche Rish site has architectural evidence, coins as well as pottery that confirms the presence of Al-E- Buya in northwestern Iran.

This essay attempts to do a typological study on one of the most applicable lighting devices -i.e. Oil Lamps- of the early Islamic period from Iran. Although introduction of Iranian ceramic Oil Lamps goes back to the pre Islamic period of Iran, the most remarkable changes in the design process of these products appeared during this period. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to study and follow design process of Iranian ceramic Oil Lamps of early Islamic period. This essay enquires about the most important developments on the history of Oil Lamps design. In order to reach the goal of this study and to do this research I have used descriptive analytical methodology of research and collected a great deal of needed information by desk study methods of data gathering. In addition, in order to delineate as good as possible the changes and developments appeared on various types of Iranian ceramic Oil Lamps from early Islamic period, here in this study I decided to use a specific framework for systematically studying history of objects’ design suggested by an Indian university professor named Kumar Vyas. According to Vyas, in order to be a major landmark a moment in the history of an object should indicate five kinds of changes: changes in design and structure of devices; changes in appearance of them; changes in methods of manufacturing; changes in the ways they have been used; and finally changes in objects’ relationship with their users. Therefore, one can categorize the most important developments in designs and types of Iranian ceramic Oil Lamps in three main groups. The first group includes those ceramic Oil Lamps with open, bowl shaped bodies and projected wick holders; Second group have globular enclosed bodies with elongated tubular wick holders. Finally, footed lamps with central stem on a plate shaped stand recognize the last group of our typology of Iranian ceramic Oil Lamps from early Islamic period.

A survey of in the fascias of farim’s monarchic surroundingHanie hossein nia amirkolaeiDr. seyyed rasool mousavi hajiDr. hassan hashemi zarjabadMehdi abedini araghiIn ????, a speculation was carried out around the tower of Rasht (located in the village of Farim, Dudange district of Sari city) from the underground soil, which the explorer called the Shahneshin. After that, the three sections were explored in order to study and study the different parts of this space in the years ????, ???? and ????, including the works of pottery, glass, iron nails and very beautiful pieces of plaster obtained from the above mentioned area.According to the archeological section from the period of Al buya in this area and according to the probe, the dating of this building dates back to the middle of the ?th century AH. One of the most important archaeological finds of this site is that, in terms of visual beauty, the combination of motifs and the use of plant and geometric designs is one of the great examples of this art at the height of Islam, which is obviously evident in the transmission of Sassanid artistic achievements.The results of the studies indicate that the designs used in the archery gilding from the Shahneshin area are largely similar to the patterns used in the decoration of the buildings of the early Islamic Ages, and these motifs themselves are influenced by the role of the decorative motifs of the Sasanian period.Key words: monarchic surrounding, fascia, Early Islamic centuries, assortment, Typological Comparison

Lowdaricheh is a neighborhood in the town of Burkhar 9 km north of Isfahan. This monument is adjacent to the ancient cemetery, which has become a receational spot today. The northwest-southeast direction of the momument and its plan is a quadrilateral that later interferes. Due to its location 4 kilometers east of the historic city of Gaz (with settlements from the Parthian and Sassanid periods), the study of this building is important in its historical-cultural context. In this regard, while taking advantage of the archaeological survey of the Lowdaricheh quadrangle, it provided a relative understanding of the history of its construction and it’s use and as a basis for future comparative and comparative studies in the area, as one of the first studies of archaeological activity in the city. The most important research questions are the time of construction and the use of the building since its construction. According to preliminary assumptions and with a description of the plan of the building, the Lowdaricheh building of the Sassanid Period and the early Islamic centuries was considered to be religious. This research has been done by examining the history of the building in historical texts, evaluating the materials and decorative elements of the building, analyzing the architectural plan and comparing it with other neighboring and simultaneous buildings. The results of the research indicate that the chartaqi-e- Lowdaricheh building of the Sassanid Period or Early Islamic centuries was used by the (Zarvan-Ardashir) Fire-Temple, which was built by Ardeshir Babakan after the capture of Isfahan at noon in (Khar) village. The entrance of the Islam into the area has changed it from a Fire-Temple to a Hoseiniyeh and to this day its inhabitants use it as a religious building. 

After years of excavations and surveys in Kur River Basin and in Fars province, there are still major problems and huge unanswered questions in the local chronological sequence. Archaeological excavations and surveys showed that the number of settlements was greatly reduced after the Tall-i Malyan urban phase (Middle Banesh phase, late 4th and early 3rd millennia B.C.) whereas few evidences illustrate the subsequent Late Banesh phase. There are discontinuities in the chronological sequences of most of the sites excavated up to now between middle Banesh and Kaftari epochs. Considering archaeological surveys, soundings and C14 dating, it seems that the Kur River Basin consequently faced a remarkable population reduction in the middle of the 3rd millennium B.C. Sumner proposed to consider the mid-3rd millennium B.C. as a gap between late Banesh (2800-2600 B.C.) and early Kaftari (2200-1900 B.C.) phases, suggesting that during this interval, most of the inhabitants of the Kur River Basin turned to pastoralism, explaining the sparsely occupation of this territory. This view relied on evidences from ABC trench cultural layers in Tall-i Malyan, on C14 absolute dating, on the discontinuity between Banesh and Kaftari surveyed settlements and on an obvious recess in the pottery sequence in the Kur River Basin. Recently published evidences from trench H5 and new excavation in H1s sounding in Tall-i Malyan, however slightly modified this scenario and pointed on a certain continuity between Banesh and Kaftari periods in Tall-i Malyan. Regarding the current archaeological information, it seems necessary to excavate sites with both Banesh and Kaftari periods to explore the 3rd millennium B.C. in Fars. Through visits and surveys in the Kur River Basin, the authors decided to open trenches in Toll-e Gap Kenareh in order to get more information about this crucial period. Toll-e Gap Kenareh is located 5 Km southwestward of Persepolis and 3 Km northeastward of Marvdasht in the Kur River Basin. Covering around 0.5 hectare, it is situated 1629 m above the sea level and is 4 m higher than the current surrounding plain. Toll-e Gap was firstly excavated by L. Vanden Berghe in the 1950s for two days while Alizadeh presented the site as belonging to Shogha, Iron Age III, Achaemenid, Sasanian, and Islamic periods. The first season of excavation at Toll-e Gap was conducted in Sept/Oct 2012 to identify the cultural stratified sequence of the site and to get relative and absolute dating for the 3rd millennium B.C. Fars. Two trenches (A and B) were excavated during this season of excavation on the east and west sides of the site and reached the virgin soil at 5.3 m depth. Recovered materials include potsherds, bone fragments, metal, stone, glass objects, tokens, and so on. According to the recovered potsherds and comparing them to the other sites of the Kur River Basin, it can be inferred that the chronological sequence found in Toll-e Gap Kenareh displays early Islamic, Sasanian, early Kaftari, and Banesh (early, middle, and late?) periods. Toll-e Gap Kenareh open then new horizons in the archaeology of Fars during the 3rd millennium B.C, above all for the transition between the well-known Banesh and Kaftari periods. Above Kaftari Period layers, there is a Sasanian Period settlement, which shows that this site has been used temporarily during the Sasanian Period. The more recent artifacts in this site belong to the 9th and 10th centuries A.D., and as the site is close to Estakhr, its function could have been related to this city.

The county of Semirom, with an approximate area of 5224 square kilometres, is located in Zagros mountain foothills in the south of Esfahan province, and as a result, has benefited from adequate annual precipitation; hence make abundant water resources and suitable plant variety. Such factors have made it fairly suitable for human settlement throughout the history. In archaeological investigations of Semirom, a total of 49 archaeological sites from prehistoric to Islamic era have been identified. Amongst these, 30 are known to belong to Sassanian era and early Islamic centuries, which is an indicator of the considerable growth, thrive and flourish of settlement compared to previous eras. In order to assess the changes in settlements during the transition from the Sasanian to the Islamic era, various parameters were defined all of the recorded data were analysed. These variable parameters included: (1) distance from permanent rivers, (2) distance from ancient communication networks, (3) distance from existing villages, (4) functionality of the lands, (5) plant coverage and other parameters that had influenced the establishment of settlements in this region. Geographical and spatial distribution of the discovered sites (based on GIS system) clarified that most of residential areas have been monotonously located in the northern and central parts of the county. Analysis of the data collected from fieldwork also showed that the discovered sites from the Sassanian and the Islamic period have not undergone considerable qualitative and quantitative changes; and the socio-political changes of Iran have not much influenced the life of Semirom residents.

Motifs of Iranian art have always been a symbol of considered concepts and themes of people from different eras, and continuity in their design, reveals figurative changes of each period. Animal drawing, visualized in different types of art, was one of the most important motifs in Iranian art which has always drawn attention to itself and its utilization has not been stopped even after religious revolutions. Present study deals with animal drawings of ancient Gurgan’s potteries and represents the variations of their designs during 1st A. H to 7th A. H. Results show that the quality of drawing and designing of Gurgan’s animal motifs was initially the continuation of some of the artistic cultures of ancient Iran which has been bound to Islamic contents. This is more evident through the type of addressing the details. But as time passes and get closer to medial centuries, these cultural drawings, experienced considerable changes from designing and decorating techniques points of views.