جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « مقتل نگاری » در نشریات گروه « تاریخ »

Maqātil al-Tālibīyyīn by Abul Faraj Isfahānī (356 AH), is one of the oldest and most prominent books of Maqātil. This article examines the historiography of Abul Faraj Isfahānī, especially where he dealt with Ahl al-Bayt (PBUH), tries to clarify some aspects of his historiography by evaluating and criticizing Abul Faraj's reports. Maqātil al-Tālibīyyīn is a source mostly relied on written sources and sometimes using oral sources. Abul Faraj compares and evaluates the narrations in order to measure their accuracy/inaccuracy and sometimes expresses her opinion, therefore, streaks of compound and analytical historiography can be seen in his work. Abul Faraj's tendency towards a group of Talibites has given a biased color to his historiography and has had an effect on the writing of the Maqātils. Despite this, his narrations were admired by the later scholars, especially the Imami Shia historians, and they found great value and credibility in the historiography of Ahl al-Bayt.

Nafas al-Mahmūm, is written about the martyrdom of Husayn bin ʿAli  and  has met with the favor and attention of the Shiite community more than other similar writings. In composing this book, Sheikh Abbas Qumi (d. 1941) used the method of hadith scholars, emphasizing on isnad, and tried to write his work based on sources that he considered authentic. Al-Qumi sought to put aside the last layers from the martyrdom of al-Husayn literature, which were often added during the Qājārid era (1789-1925). However, this process does not seem to produce a single, coherent narration of the ‘ashura event. The main shortcomings of the book are:  relying on some historians and hadith scholars and referring to their sources frequently without criticizing their narrations, not identifying the primary sources of the tradition or ignoring it, lack of reports verification, lack of checking the accuracy of the reports, ignoring conflict between reports, lack of historical approach and finally, the lack of coherence in the conclusion and selection of the preferred report. It can be said that although this book keeps the reader away from the distortions of the late period, the number of different reports on each issue does not allow the reader to find out Qumi's opinion.

Battle Writing is an important branch of historiography and is attended by all the Islamic sects. It is raised and developed through the collective efforts and various approaches. The present study implemented an analytical- scientific approach to investigate the issue of Battle Writing up to the third century with an emphasis on the role of the companions of the Shiite Imams (AS). Using a historical method¡ reading the minds of the authors (i.e. getting an access to their opinions and way of thinking through studying their works and biographies to speculate on their writing styles and approaches to the historical matters)¡ and comparing their works¡ the viewpoints of the traditionalists and historiographers were studied. Based on the available sources and written documents¡ issues such as the companions’ battle writing foundation making and continuity¡ the position and the context of their scientific movement¡ their intellectual typology¡ their writing casteology¡ the typology of their interaction with the others and knowing the process of passing it on to the future generations were investigated. This study was a combination of narrative descriptions and intellectual analysis.

Along with the development of Sufic thought in the Islamic world from the seventh century and Sufism and Shia closeness to each other, Sufi approaches to the genre of writing Maqtals of Karbala, like some other religious and historical literature, came into fashion. This can be proved by investigating written texts of that period, exploring the Sufic thoughts of it, specifying the features of these thoughts, and pursuing and tracing them in the mentioned texts. In the present study, an analytical descriptive method based on library research has been used to answer the posed-question what impacts the book Lohuf of Sayyid Ibn Tavus, as one of the most important and famous Maqtals of Karbala, has accepted from the Sufic thoughts. The results of this study show that, despite of author's independance of any Sufic order, the influence of the teachings of Sufism and mystical issues is reflected in Lohuf.

From the seventh century onwards, with the expansion of Sufism thoughts throughout the Islamic world and the close ties between Sufism and Shiism like some other religious and historical documents, Sufi approaches entered into Karbala’s Maqtal Negary. We can investigate this issue by studying the written texts and tracing the characteristics of sufism thoughts in them. By implementing analytical and descriptive methods and relying on library research, this study tries to find answer to the question Was Kashefi’s Ruzat Al-Shohada (10th century, A.H) as one of the most famous Maqtal of Karbala influenced by Sufi thoughts The findings of this study suggested that Ruzat Al-Shohada which was written in Persian language and comprised the virtues and difficulties undertaken by Ahl Al-Bayt (AS), particularly Imam Hussein (AS) was largely affected by Sufi discourse due to Vaez Kashefi’s inclination towards Naqshbandi orientation. In fact the features of sufi thought is evident in different topics referred to by the author This in turn had led to the inclusion of some distortions in the narration of Karbala incident.

Contradiction of statistical reports of the historical studies is considered as one of the issues of the history science and particularly historiography. This issue gets a great significance when there exists a plentiful statistical report on an event. Regarding the tragedy of Karbala، it is found numerous statistical reports in different sources. One of these reports is concerned with the number of Imam Hussein’s injuries. According to the author، it has been registered around 14 reports in this regard while their conformity with one another is not easy. In this article، the author tries to achieve a sound statistical report via putting the date of report، taking the reports of injury apart from the reports on the tear of clothes، determining the clothes of Imam in the scene of battle، the comparative investigation of the narrations by Sheikh e-Mofid، Ibn e-A’sam and Kharazmi related to the last moments of Imam Hussein’s life as well as the reconstruction of battle scene relying on the narration by sheikh e- Mofid.

The Quran’s emphasis on history and taking lessons from it caused Muslims to pay close attention to the science of history and historiography since the advent of Islam. At the beginning, Islamic historiography was strengthened through Sirah-writing. Despite all existing obstacles, the Shi’ah, besides Sirah-writing, embarked upon other types of historiography such as Maghtal-writing creating valuable works in this field as well. Books produced in Maghtal-writing by the Shiah are mostly descriptions of the martyrdom of the Infallible Imams (A) and other prominent Shiah personalities such as Hujr ibn al-‘Adi. Refering to the Shiah concordance sources such as those compiled by Najashi, Sheikh Tusi and others, this paper aims at the compilation and creation of biographies of Shiah Maghtal-writers from the beginning to the end of 5th century A.H. lunar.

The present study deals with recognizing and introducing the biographies of the martyrs and other writings on the history of the Ashura Event from its beginning up to The Present time in two periods. We dealt with the first period in two preceding issues and argued that the first period has been organized into two parts: The first part presents a list of these biographies from the start up to the 7th century AH; and the second part gives a descriptive account of the writings on the history of The Ashra Event up to the 7th century AH. In this issue, the The Writer presents the rest of the study on the second period. The second period dedicated to biographies and writings from the 8th to the 14th century AH. is also organized into two parts: In the first part, after an introduction, some important writings from the 8th century up to the present age are introduced; and in the second part, the most important writings of the contemporary ages with the important role they have played in presenting spurious and even fictitious accounts about the Ashura Event, have been introduced; they have been called "Distorting Sources" in this paper