جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « نساجی » در نشریات گروه « تاریخ »

This article examines the emergence of the bourgeoisie in Safavid empire and tries to answer this hypothesis that: In the Safavid period, especially during the reign of Shah Abbas I (the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries), in parallel with European countries, Iran was also going through the process of formation of national bourgeoisie and historical capitalism. According to studies, this issue has not been researched so far and most theorists and researchers in the fields of political economy, sociology and political science, in terms of industry and production method, do not believe in the emergence of the historical bourgeoisie in Iran, some consider its beginning in the late Qajar period and after the constitution. But according to many historical data that most of which, are taken from the travelogues of western tourists and later other historical texts, Iran in the Safavid period, especially in the period of Shah Abbas I, witnessed the emergence of a method of production and trade system that can be considered it as an example of the historical bourgeoisie. The definition of the historical bourgeoisie by which the developments and characteristics of the economy of Shah Abbas's period are measured, is formed by Emmanuel Wallerstein. The focus of this research was mostly in the Shah Abbas I period. Also, looking at the art of the Safavid era, it is clear that Iran at that time, intellectually and culturally and only in urban societies, had begun to move towards a kind of materialism.

Yazd is several thousand years old in textiles, in the Safavid period of the Golden Age and the greatest textile designer in the history of Iran, namely Ghias-ud-Din Naqshband Yazdi. Dozens of fabrics, some of which were unique, were produced in Yazd. The same growth more or less continued during the Pahlavi era, and the establishment of textile industries was introduced as part of industrial development policy. The weakness of private sector investment and the lack of capital security, which were inherited from this past to this dynasty, paved the way for the entry of the first Pahlavi in the industrial investments of this era. Due to high borrowing, World War II, economic recession, etc., fluctuations occurred and as a result of the First World War, the population of Yazd markets and Timcheh became empty and the industry of Sabbaghi, traditional textile weaving, sock weaving, zillow weaving, etc.was disrupted and their owners were forced to trade more. Foreigners were drawn. In continuation of this process, the next generation of Yazdi merchants were formed and dozens of textile factories, etc. were established in Yazd. The great impact of the Silk Road on Iranian trade and the location of sedition in many Iranian cities, including Yazd, led to the growth of various industries, including textiles and textiles in Iran, including Yazd. Yazd was considered, but now the second volume of industrial investment in Yazd province with employment of 25,000 people, is related to textiles. Yazd ranks second in the production of cotton fabrics and synthetic fibers, second in the production of machine-made carpets, second in the production of Fastoni fabrics and first in the production of rumble fabrics. Yazd ranks first in the field of weaving and second in the field of spinning in the whole country. The plant was purchased from Germany. In Iran, the textile industry grew by machine in the early 14th century. Yazd's first industrial factory was not easily established. Yazdi came and with the help of the National Bank of the company in March 1305, with an initial capital of 250 thousand tomans, established a textile factory. By following and reviewing the plans of the first Pahlavi II along with the modernization and upgrading of textile machinery, the Iranian textile industry achieved self-sufficiency in the 1950s. In the Pahlavi period, the main focus was only on the trade in weaving or Yazdi silk handkerchiefs or making Yazdi bath bags or making cheap Yazdi zillows for most of Iran's mosques. Yazd textile played a significant role in the self-sufficiency of Iran's textile industry in the 1940s. Had. Pahlavi considered Yazd as its origin as one of the poles of Iran's textile industry In addition to the strengths, the establishment of these industries in Yazd faced weaknesses such as lack of specialized manpower and the texture of the agricultural economy in Yazd, prevented the emergence of industrial working class in this area of Iran, so the textile industry in Yazd is facing a shortage of specialized manpower It turned out. To solve this challenge, the first Pahlavi forced the transfer of workers from central Iran to Yazd, a policy that failed. The passage of the law banning the hijab and the uniformization of clothes dealt a severe blow to the silk weaving industry and art. The ban on the import of silk during the second Pahlavi period created many opportunities for huge profits. He came to Yazd. Over time, Yazdi weavers gained special skills not only in artistic weaving but also in designing and manufacturing machines, tools and textile designs. He found that, of course, Kafaf did not produce a high amount of textiles in Yazd; Therefore, a part of the required silk was imported from the cities around Yazd. And the industry became Yazdi weavers. In Meybod, weaving with a history of about 600 years (or even more) is still lived and woven in the hands of powerful old women in some old neighborhoods. In the desert region of Meybod, with the hot and dry climate, it is necessary for human beings to use suitable fibers for their clothing. Yazd is one of the most famous cashmere weaving centers in Iran, whose weaves are world famous. Following this method of historical research (descriptive-analytical) and citing historical findings and sources, this study deals with the evolution of textiles in the Pahlavi period with emphasis on the role of Yazd in the Pahlavi period.

During the Safavid Period, because of the great interest of Safavid statesmen in industry and their support of artists and industrialists, industry grew to a large extent. Here, the textile industry enjoyed a particular status. The extent of the growth of this industry can be inferred from the country’s complete self-sufficiency in the field of textiles and the vast export of textile products to other countries during the Safavid era. Moreover, during this period, Isfahan was considered to be one of the most important centers for weaving silk and gold-thread fabrics, which comprise a noticeable volume of the required fabrics for public use and export. Based on available evidence, the city of Isfahan greatly developed during this period, which owed a great debt to the growth of the textile industry. This study was conducted in order to explore the role of the textile industry in the development of Isfahan during the Safavid era. The role of industry in urban development is a new problem witnessed in recent centuries. In fact, there is no text or report focusing directly on the relationship between industry and urban development in the sources and documents left from the Safavid period. Accordingly, in this study, through the processing and analysis of historical data in library sources, such as travel accounts and historical books, the impact of the growth of the textile industry on the development of the city of Isfahan was explored. The results indicated that this industry played a significant role in this regard during the Safavid era.

Kings like Shah Abbas I in Persia made the Saffavid Empire stronger and it resulted in political unity, growth of trade, roads safety, and ultimately commerce. Meanwhile, by having thousands of years of experience in textile, the city of Yazd brought up Ghias Al-din Naghshbandi Yazdi, the greatest fabric designer in the history of Iran. During the Qajar era, textile industry lost its prosperity considerably due to the imports of foreign fabrics, yet cities such as Yazd and Kashaan maintained a positive growth. Dozens of types of fabrics, some of them unique types such as velvet and cashmere and so on were being produced in Yazd. Amir Kabir founded large textile factories in cities like Yazd, Kerman, Kashaan etc. Universally renowned masters like Mohammad Khan Naghshband, and..yazd and others emerged. Data have been gathered this non-experimental(Qajar) research has been2conducted with a documentarian approach and through field studies. This question has been proposed: what were the developments of the textile industry during the Qajar era and yazd and what role the city of Yazd has played in this textiles?

The establishment and growth of the textile industry in the Pahlavi era made Mazandaran one of the poles in the industry in Iran. Mazandaran textile Industries played a considerable role in Iran''s self-sufficiency in the 1340s on the solar calendar. However، during its establishment and flourishing period، Mazandaran textile Industry faced numerous challenges، including a shortage of skilled manpower and the impacts of political tensions. With the fall of the Pahlavi dynasty، which was the founder of the modern textile industry in Mazandaran، textile factories in the city continued to exist at the local level after the Islamic Revolution. But they were never able to restore their previous flourishing condition. In recent years، weaknesses in various areas have resulted in the closure of the industry. A correct understanding of the event necessitates the need to review the history of the growth of this industry in Mazandaran. The following article is based on documents and press left from that era، along with written sources and interviews، and field studies of former workers in the industry. It aims to historically rebuild this local industry and explore its role in Iran''s national industries.

The present text is an investigation on Egypt's economy during the Tulunid and Fatimid periods with an emphasis on the role of the textile industry. Using Arabic papyrus documents plus original historical Egyptian sources of Islamic era, the writer wants to prove the hypothesis that Epypt's economic growth and prosperity in the Middle Ages, particularly in the Tulunid period, had been rooted in the growth and expancion of its textile industry. Claude Kahn, the famous French orientalist, has called the present article a facinating example of the use of papyrus documents in a historical research.Sources of investment in the textile industry, the investors, the role of government officials and semi-official individuals, the distribution and exchange system, job creation and relations amomg people involved in this industry are among issues dealt with in this article.