جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « darab » در نشریات گروه « تاریخ »

The city of Nishabur was the gathering place of Sufis in Khorasan during the early Islamic centuries and, particularly, in the 3rd and 4th centuries and enjoyed great fame. According to historical texts, in addition to the Sufis of Khorasan, a large group of immigrant Sufis from the state of Fars and its different cities and regions resided in Nishabur. During the 3rd and 4th centuries AH, several travelers from Darabgard (one of the fivefold provinces of Fars) and its cities, such as Darabgard, Tamestan, Madavan, and Fasa created a community in the suburbs of this city called Darabgard Borough. Seemingly, between 3rd and 5th centuries AH, there was a bilateral relationship between the gnosis center of Nishabur and Darabgard Province. Relying on historical documents and architectural proofs, this paper examines a ruined chahartaq (an architectural unit consisting of four barrel vaults and a dome) in Pushanj desert of Darab, known as the Mausoleum of Shaykh Abdulhassan Pushanji as a khanqah and a piece of evidence testifying to the truth of this bilateral relationship. Available proofs indicate that, apparently, towards the end of the 4th century AH and in the early 5th century AH, one of the three Pushanji Sufis, known as Abdulhassan, who lived in Nishabur, traveled to Darabgard and built a khanqah in the suburbs of Darab. Then he became involved in promoting Shafi’ite jurisprudence.

The first archaeological work in east of Fars, conducted by Sir A. Stein in 1934. However, an intensive survey, directed by De Miroschedji, was carried out in this region in 1971-72. Unfortunately, the materials of this survey were not studied in detail. So, the prehistoric cultures of the Fasa and Darab valleys remained unclear. To comprehend the prehistoric cultural developments of the east of Fars, the Miroscedji’s survey collections were studied first and completed with a stratigraphical excavation at Tappeh Vakilabad. The combination of the results of the survey and excavation provided an appropriate framework for the prehistoric cultures. These results affirmed that the prehistoric cultures of the east of Fars were entirely indigenous after the Bakun period to the beginning of the Kaftari era. The pottery styles of this era (Bakun-Kaftari), are introduced as Vakilabad, Zahak, Jouzjan, Roudbal, and Galyan. Furthermore, the settlement pattern analysis shows a reduction in the number of settlements in the Vakilabad period and more intensely in the second half of the fourth and first half of the third millennium BC. This pattern may indicate a shift in the subsistence economy of the large part of the society from agriculture to animal husbandry. The fourth and third millennium BC settlement patterns of the east of Fars are almost similar to KRB. However, in the second half of the fourth and first half of the third millennium BC, the KRB reached a complicated political and social developments, but the east of Fars became a peripheral region with the limited settled population.

The stone Mosque/Mill of Darab is one of the most controversial monuments in the history of Iranian architecture. Attracting the attention of orientalists and many Iranian historians, from the beginning of 19th century, it made them to speak and present various opinions about its function and the date of its construction. Some have considered it as a Mithraic temple, a Zoroastrian fire temple, a Christian church, a Buddhist temple, an Islamic mosque, and even a monastery or caravanserai. The main cause of this turmoil and the variety of presented views, from the writer's point of view, is the lack of attention and disability in reading the inscriptions on the entrance, the altar, and the stone mill inscriptions that leads to the failure of many studies related to the construction. In addition to reading the full text of the inscriptions, in present study, the antiquity of the building, the date of its construction, the type of its use, and the name the founder of the masonry of the Darab's stone mosque and his consanguinity have been clarified according to contemporary historical texts.