جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « imam ali (pbuh) » در نشریات گروه « تاریخ »

Tarikh Al-Ya’qubi, written by Ahmad ibn Abi Ya’qub (d. 284 AH), is one of the general histories that has been compiled in a combined method; that is it presents a whole coherent account of a historical event by removing the chain of narrator as well as integrating several records of a same event. There are some factors in Tarikh Al-Ya’qubi that make it necessary to retrieve its resources as well as authentication of its narrations: the removal of the chain of narrator, the inconsistency of some reports with the accounts of other well-known contemporary resources (Al-Tabaqat Al-Kubra by Ibn-Sa’d, Tarikh Khalifa Khayyat Ibn Qutaybah’s, Al-Imamah Wa al Siyasah, etc) as well as subsequent authentic (Al- Fotuh Ibn- A’tham, Al-Isti’ab by Ibn Abd Al-Barr, Sharh Nahj Al- Balaghah by Ibn Abi Al-Hadid, etc) and specifically including unheard and Shiite narrations. The main questions of this research include: What are the sources of Tarikh Al-Ya’qubi? Are they sufficiently credible? And most importantly, what was Al-Ya’qubi’s criteria in authenticating the narrations? According to the research findings, although Al-Ya’qubi’s accounts on The year, month and day of Uthman, The first to pledge allegiance (Talha), etc are valid and in line with other sources, his history -influenced by his Shiite attitudes or other unknown factors- sometimes includes different and rare accounts as allegiance of all people by Ali except three people Quraysh, The role of five representatives of Ansar in allegiance by Ali, etc, the resource of which is not known.

After the assassination of ʿUthmān, the third caliph, that the Levant (Shāmāt) raised the opposition flag against the government of Imam Ali (PBUH), and the Levant was introduced as Umayyad unified land. However, in some reports, it has been mentioned about groups that were not associated with the Levantines masses, and separated themselves from Muawiya's army. This research which is organized by descriptive-analytical method with a focus on behaviors has divided the Residents of Levant into two groups: “companionship” and “non-companionship” and then analyzed the political stands of the Levant Arabs in relation to the way of supporting or opposing Mu'awiyah. The research results show that the influence of Byzantine-religious beliefs, Muawiyah's use of foreign chief policy, urbanization and homogeneity of the population, totalitarianism and blackmail had the greatest effect on Levantines subordination from Muawiyah. Moreover, We can point to the following factors as other reasons for accompanying Muawiyah: the presence of Imam Ali (PBUH) followers in Levant, the policies of Imam Ali (PBUH) in Levantines awareness, the policy of neutrality, profit seeking and religious caution.

Hazrat Zahra's speech in Medina mosque, which is known as Fadakiyeh sermon, is one of the most authentic sermons and has valuable and guiding themes. It has been narrated by Fariqin due to its position and importance in various sources, including historical, narrative, and commentary, of course, not in the same and uniform way, but with differences in the text, the main difference is in the final paragraph, which is with the phrase begins. Proving or denying that this part is a sermon forms the basic issue of this article. The result obtained in this work, which was obtained using the analytical descriptive method, is that the disputed paragraph cannot be a part of the sermon. In addition to rejecting the justifications and reasons presented to prove its issuance by Hazrat Fatimah, there are four important reasons and witnesses, i.e. the non-quotation of this passage in the previous sources, contradicting the infallibility of Hazrat Zahra, the contradiction of this section with his other words about Amirul Momineen and The contrast of the mentioned paragraph with other parts of Fadakiyeh's sermon was presented in order to prove the claim.

This research with the aim of investigating the political position of mosque of Kufa from 17-132 A.H, tries to answer the question on how the political activity of fore and against of caliphate was in mosque of Kufa in this span of time and what was its effect on the political state of the mosque. Taking advantage of the descriptive- analytical method, the research concludes that mosque of Kufa constantly preserved its political position during this phase. The mere difference was that in time of Imam Ali and Imam Hassan (PBUT) compared with Omayyad era, the presence of associates of sovereignty was more than that of the opponents. Moreover, a relative balance was made between the followers and adversaries relying on the conducts of falsification in Omayyad era. Nevertheless, the unwanted events led to the development of the opponent powers particularly the Shiites, their domination on the mosque and the end of Omayyad era

The financial Corruptio of agents has been one of the permanent challenges in all governments. This issue in line with the fulfillment of economic justice is constantly considered by the Islamic instructions. In regard with the specific position of Amir al- Momenin (PBUH), the study of his discourse and conduct in this regard is of great significance. To achieve this purpose, the article has described the verities of financial Corruptios, the why of their occurrence and the how of dealing with them by Imam Ali (PBUH) through the descriptive-analytical approach. The findings of this research state that most of the financial Corruptios in time of Imam Ali (PBUH) originated from the negligence of previous governors and the reflection of Imam has been guidance and no tolerance toward them. Accordingly, the protection of Muslims’ properties along with the guidance of people, the provision of religious awareness as well as the ground of reformation without ignoring the failures in addition to the appropriate dealing with them have been followed in the conduct of that holiness.

Imam Ali (AS) 's refusal to reclaim "Fadak" is an ambiguity and a question that has always been asked by some Muslims, including Shiites and Sunnis. The question from one point of view is that the Amir al-Mu'minin (AS), despite being in power from 35 to 40 AH, why did not take back Fadak, which belonged to Hazrat Zahra (AS) and the government had unjustly taken it from him. ? In this article, in order to obtain an appropriate answer to the question, while using earlier sources, a descriptive and analytical method has been used. Although asceticism and disregard for the world or the belief that "something that has been wronged should not be taken back" have been said to be among the reasons for Fadak not being taken back, closer research shows that the main reasons for this passing are the death of both parties. Fighting and observing the interests of the fledgling Islamic society.

This paper studies in a descriptive way Imam Khomeini’s ten-year views on economic policies as compared with related policies in the tenure of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) and Imam Ali (pbuh). This study intends to find an answer to the question of “What similarities are there between Imam Khomeini’s ten-year leadership and the tenure of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) and Imam Ali (pbuh) in terms of economic policies?”, claiming that the three governments resorted to settlement method. Findings of this paper indicate that Imam Khomeini, as the Founder and Leader of the Islamic Revolution, has set the model of Islamic Republic based on early Islamic government. In introducing the model of Islamic Revolution, Imam Khomeini points to the successful early Islamic government and underscores his entire objective behind establishment of the government as social justice. Therefore, based upon the studies, both governments have sought establishing social justice in the society, although the two governments are different in terms of time and pace, social fabric, structure and type of the government, ways for financing the government and their economic methods. However, the two governments have contextually followed one similar path. Resorting to its findings, the paper proves its hypothesis.

Flag as one of the main symbols of tribes, nations, armies has been of considerable significance during the history. Prophet’s army like the Arab tribes before Islam was of flags. The flag as the main sign of army was of more importance compared with the flag indicative of the minor groups and nationalities. In this article, it has been investigated the role of Amir al- Momenin (PBUH) as flag holder and the amount of his presence in the battles of Prophet Mohammad (PBUH). Moreover, a collection of narrative and historical documents has been critically analyzed. Finally, it is concluded that Amir al- Momenin (PBUH) has been flag holder in the eleven out of twenty nine battles and about the nine important battles which led to the war; he was in this charge during six ones.

Wilfred Madelung, born in 1930 A.C, is considered as one of the western researcher of Islam with merely a fair approach along with a scientific motive regarding the study on the history of Islam. In his writings pertaining to the history of Imam Hassan’s life, he has investigated the issues like Imam’s marriages and divorces, his making peace as well as the elements of peace contract. Moreover, he has tried to answer the stated skepticism of other western researchers of Islam in relation to that holiness. However, he has stated some issues leading to the source of skepticisms related to Imam PBUH. The issues like the disagreement of that holiness with the objectives of Imam Ali PBUH, his lack of tendency towards taking charge of caliphate and his approving the way of ottoman’s governorship as well. This writing critically investigates these skepticisms and responds them on the basis of the historical and narrative Shiite and Sunnite sources

It has been referred a lot to the events occurred in the history of early Islam following the departure of Prophet Mohammad PBUH. The present writing has endeavored to investigate the behavior of a group against Imam Ali PBUH regarding the right of caliphate of prophet’s Family pertaining to the following issues: the justification and interpretation of Qur’anic reasons, falsification of the reason for the revelation of verses, altering the meaning of verses, justification and interpretation of tradition documents, literal and conceptual alteration of tradition, justification of caliphate through consultation, falsification of virtues for caliphs, developing sects. Accordingly, it is concluded that the disagreement between Shiites and Sunnites related to caliphate is greatly affected by the negative activities of elites against the caliphate of Imam Ali PBUH.