جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « traditions » در نشریات گروه « تاریخ »

Ibn ʿAsākir is one of the most famous Muslim scholars and historians of the school of Ash-Shaam (Arabic: ٱلشام) in the Golden Age. His famous work known as the History of Damascus (Arabic: تاریخ دمشق, Romanized: Tarīkh Dimashq) is one of the most important sources in Islamic historiography which is written in the style of a dictionary and local history. Ibn ʿAsākir has important traditions and narrations about the early figures of Islam in his book. One of these figures is Imam Ali ʿAlayhi al-salām (Arabic: علیه السلام, literally: peace be upon him) that Ibn ʿAsākir has devoted a significant volume of his book to him and has narrated considerable narrations about him in different parts of his book and beside the figures of the early Islam. Therefore, the mentioned book has been considered by researchers and some parts of it have been published after correction and research, but the section related to Imam Ali (AS) has been neglected in this book. The research on the recent part is important from the perspective of one of the prominent historians of the school of Ash-Shaam in order to evaluate the traditions related to Imam Ali (AS) and the events of his period. Therefore, the present research is using a descriptive analytical method and emphasizing on Ibn ʿAsākir’s book of History of Damascus to find answers to these questions about what Ibn ʿAsākir’s view about Imam Ali (AS) is and what sources he has used in narrating aḥādīth (Arabic: احادیث, singular: ḥadīth, traditions or narrations) related to Imam Ali (AS). Ibn ʿAsākir has presented many and various reports about Imam Ali (AS) and conflicting narrations without religious orientation which are essential in Imam's biography, referring to it and using its information.

Ayyaran was one of the effective social groups in the history of Iran. The Mongol invasion and its political and social consequences, in the seventh and eighth centuries AH, laid the ground for the activity and activism of the Ayyaran and the reflection of some of their characteristics, teachings and traditions in literary and mystical texts of this period, like the Divan of Hafiz. Hafiz's view of this social group and how their social characteristics and traditions are manifested in his poetry is a significant issue that has not been addressed. Using a descriptive-analytical method, this article seeks to answer the following questions: What characteristics and teachings of Ayyaran were included in Hafiz’s poetry? And what is his view of this social group and how much does it overlap with social and historical realities? The findings indicated that Hafiz, by recognizing the fame and influence of Ayyaran in the political and social interactions of his past and present, reproduced some of the positive characteristics, traditions and teachings of Ayyaran, such as courage and fearlessness, cheerfulness, shrewdness, agility and some of their reprehensible and negative characteristics, such as cruelty, chaotic city, night owl and robbery in his court. From a realistic point of view, in a direct and indirect way, he puts this social group, their social and individual characteristics and teachings in the service of enriching the structure and content of some of his poems, and by creating romantic, mystical, educational themes, images, and magical and novel sensory and mental atmosphere, have achieved unparalleled success.

Oral history, as an unprecedented approach in collecting historical data, has attracted the attention of many researchers. Resources resulted from oral history interviews have considerable importance in terms of dynamics and the ability to transfer the discourse dominant on the time of occurrence. To provide oral history resources to the research community, National Library and Archives of I.R of Iran has prepared these interviews and then they will be published. So, the discussion of methods of compilation (edition) in this organization is important. So, the meeting on “the challenges of preparing oral history interviews for publishing” was conducted to investigate these issues and in the present article, topics presented in it have been provided to the interested people.

As one of the components of marriage, “marriage portion” is an ancient tradition among Muslims which follows particular customs and methods. Although this custom is from those sanctified by Islamic Shari’ah, it underwent some changes. Some changes such as the amount of marriage portion and its being the right of woman herself taken as a substitution for the previous customs. This custom was subject to changes rooted in the Muslims’ livelihood during various Islamic periods and underwent evolutions. With all the Islamic emphasizes and formation of Mahrulsonnah within the Islamic society and insistence on its moral nature, a clear pattern was never followed by the Muslims. Based on various reasons, this category was passed through a path full of ups and downs and some evolutions happened for it in the Islamic society. It has been attempted to indicate an image of this custom during the first two Islamic centuries which is, to some extent, Islamic tradition realization.

Ahmad Ibne Abi Eshagh Ibne Vazeh Yaqoobe Esfahani Mesri (deceased، 805 A. D) can be named the father and the master of Islamic geography and international historiography. His religious tendency and extensive knowledge in history، geography، poetry، astronomy، botany and social sciences has made him one of the outstanding Islamic and Shiite scientists. The evidences gathered in this work apparently for the first time provide for a deep understanding of the less recognized dimensions of his stance on religion and tradition، his status in politics، history، and scientific works. The resignation of Yaqobi dynasty from the centre of eastern Caliphate and their settlement in Africa can be regarded as one of the reasons that the regional historians neglected Yagobi. In his book entitled «History and cities» numerous evidences could be found that he has been an authentic Shiite. In his book «Alboldan» he has referred to some of his own characteristics and own works. Ibne Yonos Mesri، Masodi، and Abu Omar Kendi are the three historians that in tenth century A. D have referred to his works. Hemavi، in the thirteenth century has cited parts of Yaghobi’s works in his unique book “Majmaldaba”.

In the view of Shiism, Imam Ali (a) is known to be the divinely chosen successor for the Prophet as established by the testament of the holy Prophet himself in Ghadir  Khom to guide people in religious and political fields. Some historians have recorded the happening of Ghadir Khom in detail while some other has recorded it briefly. One of the problems recorded differently is the number of the present population in Ghadir Khom or the population accompanying the Prophet from Medina to Mecca. Therefore, Sunni and Shiite sources have recorded differently. The difference should be studied for the matter to be made clear. It is necessary for the repeated state of the hadith of Ghadir Khom to be made clearly established in such a manner that one never can oppose it. For such a purpose, this paper, studying the documents of the event in an analytic-descriptive manner, has focused the views of the fariqein on the population.

Zubeir ibn Awwam one of the companions of prophet (p.b.u.h) his sons, wives and vassals had quoted prophetic narratives and historical information about the events of early Islamic period. Their historical and traditional advices have been transmitted to next generation it is because they not only are derived from persons who had participated in those events, but also as protectors of the special information of dynasty. They were recognized as one of the resources of traditions and narratives with employing special methods that was current in course of time. Although political and military aspects of Zubair dynasty are more prominent in the history of Islam; but scientific and cultural aspects of this dynasty are also considerable and remarkable which can not to be neglected. In this paper it has been tried to exmine the motine and the reasons that this dynasty have choosen new approach in narrating the early Islamic history traditions.