جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « سیاوش کسرایی » در نشریات گروه « ادبیات و زبان ها »

An Analysis of Antiquity in Poems by Siavash Kasraie and Nosrat Rahmani Abstract: Poetry evolves through norms, both in content and language and in its structure. Normality can be achived through new creations unfamiliar with the mind and language of literature, or by the dusting of the ancient face of the norms called archaic in Latin, and nowadays referred to as archeology. The most important aspect of the word resurrection in Siavash Kasraie’s poetry in Nosrat Rahmani’s use of ancient poetry and the structure of ancient poetry. Among the poets in question, the dedication to using ancient Persian language terms, both in terms of vocabulary and content, is more favorable and expression. This research examines the site and application of archeology in the poems of these two poets by using analytical explanations. Keywords: Familiarization, Antiquity, Siavash Kasraie, Nosrat Rahmani. Zahra Akbarinia, Graduate of Persian Language and Literature, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Alborz Province, Iran 2. Corresponding Author, Dr. Tooraj Aghdaie, Associate Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan Branch, Zanjan Province, Iran

One of the methods for review of literary texts is formalistic glance to worksliterature. this way, Meanwhile, close delaminating on the components andelements of the text, relying on frequency and connections between literary figureor form components are checked. The authors of this paper a briefintroduction contains information about the life and poetry of Siavash kasraie, byformalistic looking, while reviewing elements of Arash the Archer text, try inthree major fields : A - aspects of language, b - rhetorical aspects and (c) - anarrative poem the coordination or lack of coordination among its componentstheir system. This long poem is important from different aspects of language,grammatical, stylistic, morphological, syntactic, semantic, musical, rhetorical,literary, political, social, and show its values, requires a careful examination of allaspects such as the way of author, have adopted.

Language is a means of communicating and conveying messages. As in language, there is no escape from grammar and it is necessary to learn the norms and rules of the language with the help of grammar; In literature, there is no escape from norm avoidance and deviation from the law. In formalist ideas, reaching from like-mindedness to empathy is done by deviating the language from conventional and common standards, or in other words, "norm deviation". Norm-avoidance is one of the most frequent terms in the theory of formalists, which, although with tolerance, is considered synonymous with words such as "defamiliarization" and "highlighting", but it is worth noting that despite sharing the goal of difference They also have them together. One of the ways to stand out from Leach's point of view is deviance, which is breaking the common and normal rules of the language and going out of the normal standards of the language in such a way that the language has more identity and influence and can be between this type A distinction was made between normal language and normal language. The present research examines Siavash Kasraei's poem by Arash Kamangir based on the model of "Jeffrey Leach" with a descriptive-analytical approach and explores the types of norm deviation based on the mentioned model. The results of the research indicate that: Siavash Kasraei, by crossing the usual norms of language, especially semantic, syntactic and lexical norms avoidance, mixed beauty and excitement and caused "poetry".

Semiotics has provided researchers in the immediate past years with a tool for analyzing, understanding, and criticism of literary texts and discovery of hidden meanings. Semiotics has tried to unveil, decipher, and discover the deep meanings behind the structure. Amal Donqol (a contemporary Egyptian poet) and Siavash Kasraei (an Iranian poet) lived in their turbulent times. Political and social disorders intensively influenced the content and structure of their poems. The comparative semiotic study investigates meticulously and in detail the works of the Egyptian and Iranian poets considering hope and despair. It hopes to have a better and deeper understanding of the poets’ thoughts and spirits and their influence on their poems. Moreover, the study makes the ground for better presenting of the similarities and differences of their attitudes, as they live in rather similar conditions.Using the semiotics of the application of time, place, and myths, the study investigated the duality of despair and hope  in some poems of the two poets regarding the structure and poetic language. It tried to answer the question that how despair and hope have been presented in the poems and in mentioned components and how their poetic and artistic manifestations are.

 This descriptive-analytic study was done within the American framework of comparative literature.

Semiology (or semiotics) is a new type of criticism that has had a great impact on literary studies and related research. This field of study interprets literary texts according to such criteria and layers as time, place, intertextuality, narration, character, etc. This study explored the place, time, and mythical characters to show the appearance of hope and despair in the selected poems. The components work as codes for the poet through which he shows his inner feelings and imposes positive or negative meaning upon them. The analysis of the signs unveils the hidden layers of meanings in a literary text and familiars readers with the world, thoughts, and feelings of its writer.Time and place as signs and their signified are various and wide in literary texts and important for reading texts. The poets have used many words showing place and time. In many cases, adverbs showing the place in Donqol and Kasraei's poems lose the characteristic of being adverb of place and become a signifier having specific signifiers. The time adverbs have also been used in this way as their poems shows the change many times. The words become positively or negatively marked as they convey the poets’ feelings.  These words convey meanings different from their place and time meanings, which engages the readership with one of the dualities of despair or hope. Myth is also an important component that imposes meaning on the meaning in works of both poets. Using and recreating the myths, the poets communicate their ideals and spirits to the audience.

 The study investigated the duality of despair or hope in the poems of two poets based on the application of some components of the semiotics of time, place, and myths. The socio-political conditions that the two poets live in seem to be the same and their poems protest against their contemporary situation, but based on the mentioned examples one can say that when the poems have been composed, when death and despair were dominant in the mental space of poets, he optimistically expected a bright future, whereas death and despair are always dominant in Amal Danqol's poems. As a result of the different views of the poets, time, place, and myth have a hopeful and liberating application in the poems. In Amal's poems, however, the place, time, and myth components become nightmares of fear and failure, as a result of his sad and desperate creations. Finally, looking from semiotic analysis, it can be concluded that the fully optimistic and hopeful poems of Siavash Kasraei sometimes lack poetic fantasy and becomes similar to prose, making it a weakness of the poems. On the contrary, Amal Danqol's poems, though exaggerates in expressing darkness, they are totally strong and surprising sometimes regarding poetic beauties, creating new meanings, and linguistic deviations.

The myths of various people are full of profound and valuable concepts that narrate the deepest tensions and inner states of human beings. These myths, while involving the unreal, reveal truths behind them that reveal themselves in hidden and overt manifestations. Among these facts is the desire and hope of man to have a sublime and beautiful world, which is reflected in the actions of the heroes of mythology and other themes such as love and immortality. Arash Kamangir is one of the ancient Iranian myths, the most understanding of which is devoted to the subject of patriotism and heroism on the way home, and many poets have recited it implicitly or openly and independently, which can be said the most detailed and beautiful of them is the poem of Arash Kamangir Siavash Kasraei. In this research, one of the basic concepts of this poem is analyzed, which is aimed at giving hope and reaching a higher level and a more fruitful life. The subject of hope and understanding of human utopia is also one of the topics discussed by the German philosopher and writer Ernst Bloch. Ernest Bloch is known as the philosopher of hope. In this research, some of his words and views are explained in the text of Arash Kamangir's poem by Siavash Kasraei.

The myths of various people are full of profound and valuable concepts that narrate the deepest tensions and inner states of human beings. These myths, while involving the unreal, reveal truths behind them that reveal themselves in hidden and overt manifestations. Among these facts is the desire and hope of man to have a sublime and beautiful world, which is reflected in the actions of the heroes of mythology and other themes such as love and immortality. Arash Kamangir is one of the ancient Iranian myths, the most understanding of which is devoted to the subject of patriotism and heroism on the way home, and many poets have recited it implicitly or openly and independently, which can be said the most detailed and beautiful of them is the poem of Arash Kamangir Siavash Kasraei. In this research, one of the basic concepts of this poem is analyzed, which is aimed at giving hope and reaching a higher level and a more fruitful life. The subject of hope and understanding of human utopia is also one of the topics discussed by the German philosopher and writer Ernst Bloch. Ernest Bloch is known as the philosopher of hope. In this research, some of his words and views are explained in the text of Arash Kamangir's poem by Siavash Kasraei.

The main issue in discourse analysis is the transition from explaining linguistic data to effective processes in discourse formation. The effort is on to investigate the characteristics and protest aspects of two contemporary poets, Shamlou and Kasraei, based on the descriptive-analytical approach and based on the model of Laclau and Mouffe's discourse analysis. As a poet, Shamlou does not accept the established social order, His political and social goals gradually lead to a simple philosophical and revolutionary worldview. However, Kasraei is not as disappointed with social change as poets like the Third Brotherhood, nor is he as pleased with philosophical and social propositions as Shamlou, but he is a committed poet in every sense of the word.Based on the elements involved in Laclau and Moffe's discourse theory, it can be said that Shamlou was inherently a poet incompatible with the spirit of his time. Shamlou's poetry considered all the vital elements of society to be a distorted construction of the ideological realms of political sovereignty, Therefore, protest in such a society is considered a sacred movement. On the other hand, Kasraei's allegorical and symbolic initial approach, and finally his revolutionary and guerrilla poetry, made him a supporter and encourager of a socialist and popular revolution. Based on this, the present study tries to study of Laclau and Mouffe's analysis discourse, namely articulation, identity, conflict and alienation, hegemony and mythology in the poems of these two important poets of contemporary Iranian history.

The purpose of this article is to explain the descriptive characteristics of the poetry book of Arash, the archer composed by Siavash Kasraei according to Nima Yushij’s descriptive theory.  Since description is one of the main tenets in Nima’s poetic theory and also because Kasraei is a follower of Nima’s poetic style this article is concerned with the study of this poem from this perspective using descriptive analytic method.  The results obtained show that different themes such as nature and its elements, characters, abstract phenomena, time, place, and objects are described in this poetry book. Expressive devices employed in these descriptions fall into two groups of poetic and grammatical ones, the latter used with higher frequency than the former.  Among the grammatical devices adjective has the most frequency in describing different subjects, and amid the poetic devices simile and personification have the most frequency.  Since employing adjective and simile are regarded as the elements of description, therefore it can be concluded that Kasraei’s poetry book is a descriptive one.  One interesting feature of this work is the application of many different descriptive devices to express one single theme.  Sometimes on the other hand he uses one device repetitively in describing different themes.  In general it can be said that Kasraei had been under the influence of Nima’s descriptive theory in composing this collection and had profited from its precepts.

Boland al-Heydari is one of the famous modernist poets of Iraq and Siavash Kasraie is one of the most famous contemporary Nimaei poets of Iran. Both of them lived in a period of chaos. On one hand, the heavy atmosphere of tyranny of Iran, then dominated by an authoritarian government, influenced on Sivash Kasraie’s thoughts; on the other hand, the outbreak of the second World War and the dictatorship of the Baathist Regime have greatly influenced Boland al-Heydari’s life. These events along with other bitter events strongly affected their political and social positions particularly their attitudes towards the concept of death and life in their poetry. Al-Heydari has a negative outlook towards life, so that his pessimism over life and his severe tendency to death are obvious in his poems. However, unlike his viewpoint, Kasraie has a positive view towards the social life insofar as when he expresses the social instabilities, the optimism is reflected in his poems. Nevertheless, the pressures and the social and political problems of life sometimes make him complain and express dissatisfaction with life. Kasraie in comparison with al-Heydari has a hopeful outlook towards life. Both poets treat life as unsustainable and regard death as the fate of all human beings, they present a grim picture of death and they find their welfare in embracing it. This study attempts to analyze the common themes as well as different positions about the most widely used concepts of death and life in the poems of these two contemporary poets due to their poetic evidences.

The aim of this article is to investigate the words and syntactic structure in Siavash Kasrai's poems. Certainly, one of the most important aspects of poetry analysis for any literary researcher is to examine the poet's ability to take advantage of linguistic possibilities. Undoubtedly, one of the most prominent features of contemporary poetry is the poet's courage in using new words and using various syntactic structures. The studied poet, Siavash Kasraei, can be considered one of the successful followers of Nima Yoshij. The person who has used most of the linguistic possibilities and the variety of words and the use of old and new syntactic structures are the linguistic features of his poetry. Kasraee's attention to colloquial language words, along with the use of old vocabulary, did not cause the poetic and artistic creativity in his poems to decline. Regardless of the very small language slips, in general, the language of Kasra'i's poetry is a coherent and fluent language that often has a social color and smell. In this research, using descriptive-analytical method, we seek to study words and syntactic construction in the poetry of this poet.

The ‘Mohreye Sorkh’ Poem is one of the highest narrative poems in contemporary literature, which Kasraei uses with a narrative and mythical method to recreate the stories of Rostam and Sohrab. Since this poem has no direct line and is accompanied by changes to Ferdowsi's narrative, the use of the theory of genes in the understanding of this system is of great help to the audience. Genette refers to three types of time relationships between the time of the story and the time of the text, which are: 1. Order 2. Durability3. Frequency. The results show that the chracariity in the order element of the tendency is to the type of post-negation.
The results show that he has a tendency to type-flashforward in the order element. These flashbacks are the means for him to be able to narrate his closed destiny. In the continuity of time, numerous descriptions, including the description of their characters and their states, space and place and time, have caused the poetry to have a negative momentum and the narrative time with the time of the story and the text is almost equal. The frequency of the element of dialogue has brought the structure of this poem closer to a dramatic text. These talks, in addition to the possibility of personality, have been able to add to the lyrical load of the poetry system. In a few cases, he has been able to escape unnecessary material by using the eliminating element, and directing the audience to the main story. In the case of the frequency element, it can be said that, apart from repeating the story of the birth of Sohrab and the vertebrae, it is not frequent and recurrent, and often comes in singular frequency.

Persian literature turned to romanticism in the early twentith century. This has been affected by French romantic works and fotunate intellectual and social atmosphere that prepared conditions for such a mood. Also, this can be seen in Nima's poetry and his followers as well as some of the traditionalist poets. Siyavash Kasraei is one of the contemporary capable poets whose most poems obey the principles of romanticism school. In this study that is done in a descriptive and content analysis method, social romanticism principles, content approaches, and the most important revolutionary socialist poetic stream in Kasraei's poetry has been analysed and criticized. The romanticism of Rezakhan's era was basically a social romanticism. The authors in this study found that the main representations of social romanticism in Kasraei's poetry include: idealistic attachment in freedom and revolution, hope of bright horizon and realistic future, sympathy with the poor and their sufferings, patriotism and nationalism and focusing on the gone glory of Iran, looking for a romantic hero and admiring him/her. Accordingly, Kasraei can be considered as one of the most brilliant representatives of realistic national-political and revolutionary modern poetry of the 1950s and 1960s in Iran.

The art begins with an overwhelming feeling and affection on the soul of the artist and makes him create, create and create an artwork. This reaction, which is the result of the spiritual experiences of the artist, is one of the main elements and motivators in the compilation. One of the most important features of man is affection. This feature explains and points out the attitude of the human person, including the artist, to the phenomena and concepts of existence. The affection in the realm of artistic creation is how the artist interacts with the phenomena of the outside world. The main manifestations of affection are happiness, sorrow, love, hatred, despair, hope and regret. The sadness of emotion has always had a special place in poetry of our poets. The emotion of sorrow and regret is to correct the human nostalgia and regret of the past and the things that have been lost in the present. The purpose of this article is to investigate the emotion of regret and sadness and its role and place in the collection of Siavash Kasraei poems, which has been dealt with by descriptive-analytical method. The results of this research show that the emotion of regret and grief in the chess poetic manifestation is significant and can be considered as the reasons for the survival of his poem, kasraei’s regret can be divided into two categories of personal grief and social regret in the decoration of the word and its aesthetic elements, including poetry, ava, weight, vocabulary and division.

Constitutional era, one of the consequences of Iranian poets and writers associated with the literary West, was familiar with the school romanticism. The impact of the introduction, from the start, especially in literature can be seen. In the contemporary period, many poets of Romanticism, a different influence on. In this paper, After providing a brief introduction about the history of Romanticism, the introduction of various features dealing with this school. After that, check for a poem by Siavash Kasra'i view of the school, examples of poetry, he has offered to pay cash and analyzing them. It must be said, for all elements of romanticism schools, numerous examples can be found in the poem was Kasra'i. However, the various features of this school, he was all over, there is a natural tendency. After the lyrical motifs like, imagination, love, nostalgia, poetry is obviously Kasra'i representations.

Although Persian literature’s progressed based on social revolutions and its prominent content is social and political events, a number of our contemporary poets, although have come up with community phenomena, but have valuable heritage of the predecessors so that they interest it in their poetries. Siyavash Kasraie, one of the contemporary poet, paid attention a lot to traditional literature, especially Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh, and this eternal work was so respectful and worthy that he felt belonging to it. Kasraie has used the mythical and heroic personalities within its poetries intentionally. On the other hand, according to history of events, he often represented it as symbolic as it possible. He recreated old myths during a number of his works where “Red Piece” verse is the most important one. At his study, we study the symbolic reflection of mythical personalities within collection of poetries of Siyavash Kasraie and we want to answer the following question: what was the purpose of Kasraie concerning to recreation of myths?, which mythical personality has he represented during its poem and who are they?. Results show that Kasraie recreated the national myths in order to state his beliefs and ideas. He, also, paid attention a lot to “Siyavash” and “Sohrab” among mythical personalities as well as considered it for combative and militant youths.

Present research dedicated to literary criticism and analysis of story elements in ten selected narrative poems of contemporary poets. Introduction refers to the narrative poems, then the most important story elements: plot, character, points of view, set in ten contemporary narrative poems have been considered. These narrative poems have simple plots each of which based on a linear time and others which are complicated having a non-linear time. Characters in these traces are flat, allegorical and in some cases dynamic and the poets introduce them to the readers through direct and indirect descriptions. These poems narrated according to different viewpoints including: omniscient (third person), first person point of view and dialogue, and in some sorts of traces, conversation serves as the intrinsic (internal) element of narrative passage. Poets create the setting by use of/via characters and their surroundings descriptions and it means that these descriptions draw a thoroughly natural picture of the setting with the general time and place to the reader.