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Salim Barakat is one of the most prominent Syrian poets and one of the most important Kurdish novelists and poets who chose Arabic as the language of their poetic and narrative production. He may be the most important novelist and poet who focused all of his works on expressing the concerns and issues of the Kurds, with his great interest in Kurdish characters, families, and climates in his poetic and fictional works. Barakat has his style of writing, and this style stems from the complex cultural, political, and social mosaic of the Syrian Jazira region, especially the Kurdish city of Qamishli, the poet’s birthplace, and his Kurdish-Iranian background, and Kurdish is an important language among the “Iranian languages.” This research deals with the poem “Dilana and Diram” from Al-Karaki’s collection, by focusing on the characters of this poem, especially the two original characters in the text, Dilana and Diram. It also deals with the features of the character the dimensions of its depiction, and its relationship to the Iranian-Kurdish culture and the Kurdish environment in the region where the poet was born. He spent his childhood and youth, leaving for Damascus, Beirut, Cyprus, and Stockholm, and the reflection of the Iranian-Kurdish culture and the culture of the Kurdish environment that the poet lived in was evident in his narrative poetic text, as we saw that the characters, methods of their drawing, and the atmosphere of the text has features of love stories, epics, and tragedies, but these features merge, and we see a hidden, complex progression in these three features.

The place in the novel performs an important function that the narrator depicts for him as if he were a human being with a soul and life. The place in the novel is not just a decoration or just a place for fictional events to occur - as he thinks - but rather it is a fictional element like other elements that intertwine with each other to form the novelistic narrative.  Sana Abu Sharar wrote the novel “Le anni ashtagho elayke” to celebrate the Jordanian homeland. The novel is spatial, but despite its dominance in the narrative analysis of place, it is no substitute for psychological analysis. This research aims, using the descriptive-analytical approach, to study the mutual relationship between character and place in this novel, the role of place in people’s emotions, and the psychological analysis of the fictional place in light of important components such as place identity and sense of place, as they are two important components in the analysis. The results indicate that there is a relationship between the characters and the place in the novel, and the place is colored by a psychological state that has a significance beyond its usual role, is free from description, and is linked to a range of psychological issues such as place identity and spatial attachment. If we look at the places that constitute the framework of events in the novel, we find that the duality (closed/open) is fundamental. Factors such as the continuation of the individual’s relationship with the place, knowledge and awareness of the place, and memories of the place and their repercussions influenced the creation and strengthening of spatial integration and, at a higher level, the creation of attachment to the place

The character is a main element in a dramatic text as a playwright often relies on specific dimensions of the fictional character to convey ideas, hence the character plays a significant role in developing the events. This study, based on a descriptive-analytical approach, examines characterization in Youssef Al-Ani’s I am your mother, Shaker!. This play is one of the pioneers of socialist literature in Iraqi theater due to the intertextual relationship between Umm Shaker and the character in Maxim Gorky’s The Mother. The most important findings of the study are the following: Al-Ani is the first Iraqi writer to present a woman (Umm Shaker) as the hero of the play, the mother with an iron will, extraordinary political awareness, and unwavering faith in the victory of the national revolution. Al-Ani draws the characters from ordinary people, so the audience identifies with them quickly. The message that Al-Ani intended to convey prompted him to use the colloquial dialect delivering his theatrical and intellectual speech to the illiterate members of society. It seems that Al-Ani paid more attention to conversation (monologue) than characterization as do not find any transformation in the characters throughout the play. The characters are hostage to the popular revolution and the theatrical event.

This study aims to reveal the function of the main fictional character according to the method of Vladimir Prov, and to analyze her fictional role in the two novels (The Tanki) by Alia Mamdouh and (The casual Vacancy) by J.K. The novel expresses the main idea intended by the writer in his literary work. Then we compare all this to reveal the similarities and differences between the functions of the characters in both novels, based on a descriptive, analytical and comparative approach. The study seeks to identify the points of similarity and difference in a novel that sheds light on the social reality of Iraq, and another English novel that sheds light on the reality of British society. Despite the geographical distance between the Iraqi and British societies, and the environmental, cultural, linguistic, religious and historical differences, the human nature and feelings remain the same, but they differ in the way of thinking and the way of dealing; therefore, it is necessary to know all of this by analyzing the functions of the fictional characters. These similarities and differences depended on the nature of the social conditions resulting from the environment of both novelists, who employed them according to the nature of their reality and depending on the nature of the scenes they intended, under the mold of the nature of their specialization, which paved the way for them to enable them to diversify the characters and accurately chart their behavior.

The Character is one of the fundamental components of the story, and one of its approaches is activism. The action in the story is the same as the action of the character, and the use of each of these characters in the story requires special precision and tenderness, every writer can establish a deep connection with the reader and draw him into the heart of the story by using the characters correctly, and accompany him to the end of the story. This paper aims to analyze the characters of Suhar's novel Al Mustanga, which is one of the realist novels of this author, based on Grimas’s pattern of action, using a descriptive and analytical method. Grimas, under the influence of Propp, proposed his theory of narratology and his model of action is applicable in almost all literary genres. he proposed a model for the investigation of character actions in the story, which consists of 3 models: "actor/target", "active/active" and "active/anti-active" are formed. The findings of the research indicate that the characters of the novel have distinct value systems (love and betrayal, forgiveness and selfishness, revenge and benevolence, swamp and highway) according to Grimas's action model: Fouad as The actor character in the traditional atmosphere of the Egyptian society has moved on the way to reach his goal without any stagnation, and has set the action of the story and put other components of this model on the path of role-playing.

The structural study of the novel as an outstanding literary genre by analysing the internal components and descrbing the relationships of these elements makes its inner layers clear to the audience. Influenced by pioneer structuralists ideas, especially Prop, Claude Bermon, a famous French philosopher and narratologist, designed a new model for structural analysis of narrations. A template that can be adapted to any language and style. According to this theory, narrative is a coherent and related set of sequences that makes up the structure of story. The combination and sequential process of these main and sub-sequences make the outline of the narrations. And the characters of the story play a role in shaping the plot and the series of events in proportion to their presence and influence in the narration. Zaraib al-'Abid's novel by Najwa bin Shatwan, a Libyan female writer, is a remarkable work in terms of structure and content. The subject of this realistic workis the story of the slavery system that dominated Libyan society during the years of occupation of the country by the Ottoman government and the beginning of Italian colonialism. In this research, the central characters and their actions and reactions in the course of the narration will be investigated in a descriptive and analytical way, and the course of events will be examined in terms of conformity and coincidence with the Bremon model. Based on the obtained results, it can be said that the arrangement of events and developments and their sequence have a considerable harmony and discipline and its main and central characters are dynamic and well-organized.

One of the most widely used and effective methods in analyzing various literary and artistic texts and works is their semiotic analysis. One of the contemporary theorists in the field of semiotics is the French Philippe Hamon; His theory is based on four principles: 1. Types of characters - which include reference characters (historical, social, mythical and virtual), mediating characters and pointer characters (indicating the presence of the reader and writer 2. means personality, 3. personality sign 4. levels of personality description. The present study has tried to analyze and reflect this theory based on the semiotic method in the novel Frankenstein in Baghdad by Ahmad Saadawi. Due to the multiplicity of characters in this novel, the four main characters of Shasmeh, Hadi Al-Atag, Ilyshwa and Faraj Al-Dalal are considered. The results of the research indicate that the selected characters are the type of mediating or pointing characters that the author has used to express his thoughts and in fact, by including them in the novel, he has shown his freedom and patriotism thoughts. The meaning of the characters is also expressed more through the introduction by the author; He uses sentences with special care that acquaints the reader well with the intellectual and mental level of the character used. At the level of description, Saadawi has carefully stated all the physical, psychological and social characteristics of individuals. The choice of name is also made with a certain obsession.

Since novels help novelists express their feelings and thoughts, they have attracted the scholars’ and critics’ attention. At the same time, due to the privileged position of semiotics among linguistic and critical studies, semiotics has also received researchers’ attention because it reveals the significance of this form of narrative. Excavating characters in novels is one of the crucial topics in semiotic studies since each character is selected by the author for a specific purpose. To continue the course of a narrative, different tasks are selected for that character. Therefore, choosing characters’ names and actions is the sign of particular signification.In the novel “In Order That My Heart Be at Ease” by Adham Sharqāwī, a contemporary Palestinian writer, there is a good background for studying characters because each character bears historical, cultural, and social information. For this reason, examining the personality in the context of semiotics helps clarify the author’s intentions and the hidden golas of the text. This article tried to answer the following two questions:How are the characters in the novel “In Order That My Heart Be at Ease” revealed as a sign?What is the nature of the relationship connecting the signified characters’ names with their characteristics, as well as the title of the mentioned novel?

This study was done by using a descriptive-analytical method and relying on the semiotic criteria of personality. Based on the characters’ psychological, social, and ideological dimensions, the authors of this research examined the characters of the mentioned novel both in terms of the signifier and signified and a set of criteria, according to which the relationship between the signified names of the maijor and minor characters and their characteristics and the signified relationship between the characters’ names and the title of the novel was analysed. Then, using morphological semiotics, the authors studied the morphological structures of the characters’ names and their frequencies by using the statistical data both quantitatively and qualitatively in two descriptive tables.

Examination of the signified characters’ names in the novel of “In Order That My Heart Be at Ease” and their association with the characters’ characteristics and behaviors showed that the name of Karīm signifying all kinds of goodness, honor, and virtues comprehensively (Ibn Manzūr, 2007, p. 3861) was appropriate for that character having valuable attributes. Another name for the maijor character of the novel was Wa’d, which was taken from the promise corresponding to her moral and behavioral characteristics; she deceived Karīm with many promises and eventually married another man.In this novel, there were some minor characters, such as Āminah’s aunt, whose name was taken from security. Choosing the name of Āminah for the character of Aunt Āminah, who, despite her cancer, was full of peace of heart and satisfaction with her destiny determined by God Almighty, was the best and most conscious choice among the other names. Another minor character of this novel was Hishām, who was an atheist. Hishām’s name was derived from breaking, well corresponding to his character for being a mixture of question and doubt. The name of Māher meaning skilled was a good match with the related character’s personality traits because he skillfully used religious and historical documents to convince Heshām. Ahmad was another character, who was blind. His name was derived from praise. Perhaps choosing Ahmad’s name, which conveyed more praiseworthy meanings, was due to his unbroken character with blindness as with the help of a good wife, he overcame his problems and achieved peace. Rayhān was another character, who was deprived of childbearing and thus, her husband separated from her and then, she was employed in an orphanage. Rayhān literally means basil, which is a “fragrant plant” (Naṣr al-Ḥittī, 2003, Vol. 1, p. 84). It seemed that using the name of Rayhān with its pleasant smell was a good choice for the relevant character, who, with the spread of her kindness among the oppressed children and orphans, evoked the same smell of basil. Muhammad, who was very interested in poetry, was a classmate and friend of Karīm. His name was derived from praise. The choice of Muhammad’s name was commensurate with Muhammad’s poetic nature and good morals.Another issue studied in this research was the relationship between the signified characters and the title of the novel, which could be examined in the three obvious, hidden, and contradictory relationships due to the existence of a cause-and-effect relationship, subjective presuppositions, and lack of an obvious relationship, respectively. The names of Karīm, Āminah, Muhammad, and Ahmad, which implied positive meanings, were clearly related to the title of the novel and referred to self-confidence. Rayhān and Māhir did not have a cause-and-effect relationship as the title of the novel, but since the fragrant scent of basil was soothing and gaining solace required skills, the names of these two characters showed a hidden relationship with the title of the novel. The names of Wa’d and Hishām had negative connotations and were inversely related to the title. Personality dimensions are represented by psychological, social, and ideological dimensions (see Ghaṭāsha and Rāṭī, n.d., p. 127). These dimensions are related to feelings and emotions, individuals’ social positions, and characters’ intellectual views, respectively. Each character in this novel was a sign and his or her signified characteristics could be examined according to his or her personality dimensions. The signified character of Wa’d was the seductive beauties of the world and Karīm’s character meant attachment to these beauties. Āminah’s lack of belonging to the world and her pure submission to God indicated the most important meanings in her personality. The characters of Māhir and Hishām were associated with the rational and logical dimension and lack of understanding of the facts due to incomplete justifications, respectively. Accepting difficult living conditions and flexibility signified the characters of Rayhān and Ahmed, respectively. Muhammad’s character reflected the true beauty of the world.Another topic studied in this research was the morphological semiotics of the characters’ names. Of the 8 characters used in this novel, 5 were male and 3 were female. These numbers might seem to indicate the dominance of male characters in the novel, but the female character of Wa’d as the maijor character of the story could reject this claim. What was most evident in the morphological analysis of the characters' names was sharqāwī’s tendency towards using derivatives and adjectives. In terms of frequency, the characters of Karīm, Wa’d, Hishām, and Māhir were at their peaks.

The characters’ names in the novel “In Order That My Heart Be at Ease” had been chosen carefully and there was an acceptable match between the signified characters’ names and their behavioral and moral characteristics and between the signified characters’ names and the title of the novel. The signified characters' names and the title of the novel could be examined in the three overt, covert, and contradictory ways. All the characters in this novel played a major role in the reader’s relationship with the text because they made semiotic systems that had cultural, social, and religious implications. By portraying Karīm’s failure in his love for a girl named Wa’d, Sharqāwī tried to lead Man towards detachment from the apparent beauties of the world. The other signified characters in this novel contradicted the those of Karīm and Wa’d because these characters, unlike Karīm, often reached a kind of calmness. The morphological semiotics indicated frequency of an adjective structure in the choice of characters’ names due to the special characteristics of that structure, which allowd the proof and continuity of the characteristics desired by the author to be in his characters. The frequency of male characters in this novel was more than that of female characters. However, the special role of  Wa’d in the novel indicated a kind of equality in the choice of gender. In terms of repeating the characters’ names, it was clear that the characters, who played a major role in advancing the events, had to be repeated more than the other characters. Karīm and Wa’d were two maijor characters and hence, their names were expected to be repeated more than those of the other characters. Hishām and Māhir were among the characters whose names were repeated more than the other minor characters because the scientific-religious debate between them provided a solid and reliable basis for this novel, which was peace of heart.

In "Shajra al-Lablab", it is narrated that the back of the face is smooth and the problems are social, cultural, economic, and moral. From problems and difficulties. The goal is to study the foundation of the narration in this narration and also to study the earthly foundation, personalities and events. Therefore; The theme of the treatment of terrestrial and internal and external disturbances, and adaptation and adaptation, as well as ground conditions for cooling and acceleration training; And summarizing, deleting and closing the cold; And the narrators and the descriptions and the like in this narration..and in the end the theme of explanation and explanation and the explanation of the dairy of the personalities in this narration. The conclusion is that the author of the narration used the above-mentioned persuasions in his wide speech and brought in his narration, a collection of the main and secondary personalities of those who also narrated the story.

The diversity of Characters has a decisive impact on the appearance of their dimensions. This effect is technically recognized. These dimensions have varied and differed according to the nature of the narrative character. These dimensions are summed up in the physical / physiological dimension, the social/sociological dimension, and the psychical/ psychological dimension.    This study uses from the analytical descriptive approach and strives to introduce the characters of Iraqi novelist Saad Mohammed Rahim. The purpose of this study is to do a research the "Hymn of a Woman", "Twilight of the Sea", to identify the background of each character, so it is necessary to disclose the behavior of characters by presenting their entities.     It turns out that the writer describes the physical, social and psychological aspects of his characters. And through his use of techniques such as internal monologue and the stearm of consciousness, he reveals the psychology of the shattered hero, his broken memory and nightmares of war, and the burden of the past he has suffered. He also made the narrator his deputy or his mask that disappears behind him. The rest of the characters reflect the scenes behind them. They are expatriates or tourists looking for their identity.

Place is one of the most elements in a novel because it is a space where there are elements of the novel and the relationship established among them, including events. Also, it is an environment to form character and the element that completes the time of the story. “Place” in the novel has witnessed many changes in new studies and also multiple different categories have been formed for it. The present study intends to investigate one of these categorizations- i.e., closed and open places (which is entitled spatial dichotomy or the confrontation between two opposing spaces and its effect on the characters of the story. The reason why we chose this novel was to examine the high frequency of open or closed places such as houses, schools, cities, and villages in the novel. One of the most important results is a wide-ranging description of the closed spaces due to the living problems and personality disorders of the novel characters. Moreover, the novel indicates that open places are not always a source of happiness and well-being for the characters, rather psychological and material consequences and effects of these places may differ in person’s perspective to that place. The method applied in the study is a descriptive-analytical one, based on the description and analysis of the data derived from the context of the novel.

The relationship between the place and the human being is a very strong and special one, because when a man loses his place, he loses his calm and tranquility. The place is the source of security and tranquility, as the source of aversion, fear and despair. The fictional world created by the novelist is not excepted to that. If we recognize that the character is the active factor in constructing the narratives and generating the facts, and in order to realizing these events and movements of characters, there must be a local theater in which these events take place and the characters move on. And the feelings of the characters and their impressions are different to it, whether positive or negative. In view of the novel Hina Tarakna Al-jisr (when we left the bridge) by Abdurrahman Munif, we note that the writer, like the other gifted novelists, employs the place - as an artistic agent and links Zaki Al-nadawi - the main character - to the place. So that, determines the world- place in which this character lives, with his thoughts, opinions, feelings and emotions embodied in the place, an artistic embodiment establishing a strong relationship between character and the place, so that the reader clearly sees that the place affects him as well as the character affects it.

Characters represent the main role in dramatic works of art. As characterization paves the way to know about the life of real characters, the characters undertake the task of narrative acts and they seeking to outpouring these actions to the definite end. It is an important element for the perception of reality through the its movement and works and emotions that penetrate the context of the novel and framed from the beginning to the last words and it must be the details of physical character and historical, cultural, ethnic and social characteristics that paint the general impression about the character to be included in the text of the novel; Because the novel aims at reflect human meanings. Thus, the present paper aims at review the semiotics of the characters in the novel "he Asked me to Dance" (Yutªlibuni Bi al-Raqsa al-Kªmila) by Kuwaiti novelist Munª Shᾱfei. the present research followed  the descriptive analysis, and chosed the  A.J. Greimas’s model for Semiotics of Characters in the novel, based on this model the characters (subject/ actor) have goals in novels, they also have incentives to achieve their goals, according to this the characters are driven by their motivating incentives toward their goal which is effect )object) and maybe these actors/subjects (characters) faced with assistance factors in reaching their goals. The novel is full of feelings and love. The novel "he Asked me to Dance" (Yutªlibuni Bi al-Raqsa al-Kªmila) is about female characters in families that a husband has multiple wives. This novel as a feminist novel investingtigates woman’s concerns and issues clearly, it considers women as the main subject to show her relationship with men and society. In the end, the article reached that Munª Shªfei gave the character of the novel a super importance and it’s visible,  psychological and social  dimensions have emerged clearly. In other words, The characters were presented through several methods in the novel  "he Asked me to Dance" that including: reporting style and  psychological and imaginative ways,  Moreover, the names of the characters are are not arbitrary  but chose by writer for narrative and certain reasons which deter the location of each character in the narrative text; each character has different subjective, replacement, virtual or aesthetical roles in the story.

The Iraqi novelist, Saad Muhammad Rahim, presented his novel "Foshat’on leljonoun" the form of a tragicomedic text to address the transformation process of the main character and the place of the story. Thus, in this work, he highlighted the two elements of character and place, and set a unison relationship between them, so that his novel would be able to portray a part of human suffering and the place resulting from the rule of government during the war.The present study uses a descriptive-analytic approach to focus on the main character of this novel to uncover the artistic delicacies used to link it to some kind of place, using the theory of Y. Lotman. Since the hero in terms of psychological dimension changes from a healthy person into a mad man, it is called a transformation. The place was also called a variable because the current conditions have affected it and have changed its appearance. The study shows that Amer, the main and full-dimensional character of the novel becomes mad or pretends to be mad after being tormented. Therefore, he eludes to an unfamiliar region, changes his name to Hekmat or Hakku, so that he can indirectly express his protest against the disorders of the status quo, especially the abominable behavior of the government. So, he attends variable places, especially the open-closed ones, and makes a relationship with them in an evolving way. The places also change themselves with the change of character’s portrait.

Resistance literature in much of the times devotes to drawing pains and tragedies that nations suffer from it. The purpose of this type of literature alight the spirit of resistance, and aware public The existness of tyranny is the main reason for the emergence of resistance literature, and author wants to persuade people to fight with enemy through his literature. On the other hand, one of the most important artistic elements of novel is the personality element and can‘t creat the independent novel and story without the element of character. All of the writers in this field, apply techniques that sometimes is different from others. Novel " The Eyes of Mosa,s Mother " from the works of’ Iraqi writer “alya Ansari” is containing of issues about Islamic resistence against the external enemy. (Oppressive regime in Iraq).This novel shows that women invited to own wishes and dreams, so as to sacrifice in defense of the right against wrong. Therefore, this paper attempts to examine element of personality with descriptive -analytical method, and concentrate on role of women in the novel, " The Eyes of Mosa,s Mother". The results show that this novel emphasizes on the significant of role of woman in this field and believes that she is the key of resistance and persistence and helps to others and has a key role.

The literary semiology of personality is a type of semiotic study which provides a deep and accurate knowledge and insight into personality and can be undertaken from various dimensions and angles. The Holy Quran, as a most significant literary text, is full of linguistic signs on set of which being the various personalities that are directly referred to in the Quran. Saint Joseph (Yusuf) (AS) is one of the most important figures in the Quran. Therefore, his semiotic study can lead to understandings about his character and the motivations and reasons for his personality traits. The present article is based on the personality semiology of the French semiologist Philip Hamon. This article studies Joseph’s personality in Quran from the perspective of the signifier (names, syntactic features, pronouns and rhetorical dimensions) and the signified (descriptive adjectives, speech, and actions). This article show that names, honorifics, and the descriptions for Joseph are in compliance with the function of his story. Through semiology and interpretation, the article gives a deeper insight about Joesph’s personality can help understand the nuances of the related Quranic meanings.

Time and location are considered as the main narrative techniques, while every event happens in a time and a location. These two elements of the novel make mutual relationships with other components of the story such as characters and events, and make the novel better and more meaningful. This article discusses the classic novel: al-ayam, by Taha Hussein, considering time and place and space in the narration, and visual and auditory aesthetic techniques in it. In the analyses, there is a relying on the depiction of the internal aspect of characters and recitation locations based on public locations and Infinite locations divided by Ury Lutman. Also, narrative techniques such as recess and forecast are eked out. The main method in this research is analytic method and sometimes internal and psychological analysis method. Most of the examples are from the novel itself.