جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "شکوائیه" در نشریات گروه "ادبیات و زبان ها"

The unique content creation and all-embracing imagination of Indian-style poets have created a variety of thematic contexts in their works, and these thematic contexts have been reflected in the mirror of their poems in different ways. That era’s political, social, cultural, and even religious structures, broadened the poets’ horizons and led the personal feelings, and inner emotions of poets with heartwarming thoughts to be reflected in different subjects in poems of this era and a collection of different lyrical literature emerged in their works. On the other hand, single-couplet is a form of stating these subjects. The poets’ books during this era are the most extensive collections in which ethical, spiritual, love-making, religious, teaching, and social issues with novel and new content show off in a short form of single-couplets and generally, the frequency of lyrical literature is more significant in this form compared to different literary forms. This article has addressed the lyrical aspect of Indian-style’s single-couplets and the variety of lyrical contents and has studied variables such as love, mysticism, pomposity, grievance, threnody, humor, patriotism, mystery, etc. in the poems of this era. The present research results show that virtual love, mysticism terminology, pomposity, and patriotism have the most frequency. The present research method is based on description and analysis.

The study of lyrical literature types and their usage in the poems of contemporary poets can help us for understanding novel concepts in poets’ notions and poetries. One of the genres of this category is “complaint”. A great number of themes of the Persian poetries consist of the expression of personal pains and sufferings; human beings can experience sadness and sorrow as well as all other feelings like happiness. Since poets are highly sensitive people, they have been affected the most by this issue and scrutinized it. Although complaints have been used in all the periods of Persian poetry, in contemporary poetry because of political and social issues and the emergence of Nimai modern poetry, poets’ perspectives about them are different. The main purpose of the present study was to examine complaints used in an anthology of poems named “Mah dar mordab” (Moon in Marsh) written by Parviz Khanlari. Although the results of the study indicated that a large portion of the poet’s complaints were personal complaints, there are also cases of other types of complaints in his poems including social sufferings, objection to anti-values, dissatisfaction with life, political repression, and absence of freedom.

Complaint is one of the sub-literary themes and types, which means heartache and complaining about the painful and agonizing events of life and recounting the pain, despair and gloom of its speaker. The important issue is that basically complaints are diverse in terms of subject and content, and many factors such as the sensitivities and mental conditions of the poet himself, as well as the social and political factors governing his life environment, affect the variety of themes and concepts in the complaints. In this article authors try to answer this question: "What are the most important complaint themes of the Rumi in Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi?" The hypothesis of the article indicates the existence of three macro themes, cultural, political and religious. The findings of this article by using a descriptive and analytical method showed that cultural complaints include: complaints about the envious, cunning and arrogant, artless imitators, skeptics, ungrateful, cloak-wearers and hypocrites. Complaints with political themes include: complaints against tyrannical rulers, oppressive governments, power seekers, and finally, Complaints with religious themes include: complaints against religious and false claimants, lovers of the world, irreligious people, and religion sellers.

Shekvaieh )Grievance( is one of the subjects of Persian rich poetry that is written in short, medium and long formats, especially in rhymes and sonnets. Many poets have used this literary genre and have spoken of personal or social sufferings. Abolghasem Lahouti is one of the poets of the political and labor literature and a protester in the Constitutional era who has used this poetic method to support the lower classes of society and to criticize tyrant and incompetent rulers. Lahouti's Grievance reflects both the social and political conditions of the constitutional era and his party and political perspective. This article deals with the poetic forms, methods and subjects of Lahoutian scholars by descriptive, analytical and documentary methods. Based on his socialist and political ideas and goals, defended the interests of workers, farmers, the afflicted and the disadvantaged of the various social classes, and strongly criticized domestic tyrants, oppressors, the rich classes, the exploiters, the demons, the religionists, the superstitious beliefs, demagogue and public ignorance.

Literature, especially the poetry of the Mashrooteh era, is often of the type of social-political literature, and depicts the sufferings of society at a critical time in the history of Iran. The Mashrooteh poet is expressing agent of society and expresses its pain. These calamities, whether from the government or nongovernmental bases, are reflected in the poetry of the Mashrooteh. The main mission of Mashrooteh poetry is to unite with the people with the intention of notifying and informing, to show protest and anger against the oppressors, and more precisely to fight against internal tyranny and external colonialism. Complaint is a poem that is aggressive and aroused by the emotion of anger and expresses the poet's disgust and protest against what does not correspond to his ideals or is against his attitudes and goals. Mirzadeh Eshghi, along with the passionate excitement and passion of sensitive emotions, is so brave and anti-oppressive that finally longs to achieve his mission and aspiration at the cost of his life and was removed from the circle of anti-authoritarianism. In this article, by studying, examining, and analyzing the themes of his grievances and views and the views of those around him and future generations, we try to show how and with whom this committed poet protested, against whom, and why and how he was removed from the battlefield. This is necessary and useful for finding the role of Mashrooteh poetry and literature and the value and importance of the poets of this period.

Nafthat-Al-Masdoor by Shahab-Al-Din Mohammad Zeidary Nasavi, is one of the Persian euphuism masterpieces.The book begins without any kind of preamble and ends quite abruptly. It appears that it is the author’s overflow of feelings which is realized in an imaginary text with a rhythmic language. In the present article, the content of this book will be studied from the perspective of lyric theory. The author reminisces his emotionally loaded memories and, simultaneously with his miseries, pains, nostalgia, and loneliness as Kharazmshahian Kingdom was close to its downfall. He creates such poetry genres as elegy, complaint, eulogy, and satire through describing his own feelings towards different people. In fact, a structural analysis of these genres reveals the author’s overflow of feelings. Therefore, the readers are often faced with a poetic and rhythmic prose which is replete with emotions, excitement and passion.

With the establishment of Iranian governments through the third and fourth centuriesA.H. and their encouragement, more and more poets inclined to poetry. During thereign of non-Iranian governments ruling after the Samanid era, this trend continuedeven more highly than before. So that a great number of scientists and the learnedones in hope for income and profits, began to compose panegyric poems about thekings and dignitaries. One can find some details about the rewards and applaudsgained by the poets at courts in different historical and anthology books. Meanwhile,joining the court and attendance of the kings has caused some sufferings anddisappointments for them, too.The court environment created dangers and limited the freedom of the poets. Inmany cases, it even made them tolerate insults and pains while sometimes they onlyachieved a little sum of money. As a result of this condition which continued moreintensely through the fifth and sixth centuries, we find many poets who displayedhatred towards poetry or even left the court.In this essay, firstly, the variety of disappointments imposed on the poets duringthe period between the rise of Persian poetry and the Mongol invasion is investigated.We can enumerate them according to the quantity and frequency of each one asfollows: Poverty and lack of welfare, disability to travel through the country orabroad being forgotten and lack of attention towards them, being imprisoned,banishment from the court, unexpected death subject to court conditions, beinglampooned, deposal of ones, tenure, going on exile, being under legal pursuance,requisition of patrimony and tolerating base jobs.After that, the cause of these disappointments is studied which shows that thedictatorship of the rulers in this era, the change in political and social conditions, theincrease in the number of poets and the meanness of the patrons along with somepsychological factors in the poet's characters as well as ill fate in some cases haveaffected the appearance of these disappointments. This part also deals with the poemsincluding apology, complaint and self-glorying of the poets mainly caused by theirdisappointments.

Complaint is interpreted as sufferings from the problems people confront with in their social and individual life and verbalize them in order to soothe their sufferings. Complaint is one of poetic styles in Arabic literature and has a wide field wherein poet's imaginations move freely. Complaints of the time are among the most important issues that Abbasid poets dealt with and therefore they were formed in that era itself.The art of complaint can be found in poetry of most of the poets of modern times. Hafiz Ibrahim, among contemporary poets, has an edge in this art. He experienced orphanage and suffered lots of problems in his life which have had enough influence on his spirit and made him complain. He complains about individual and social poverty. He complains about alien's attempts such as "Denshvai" incident, their plundering of riches and Egyptian's mistreatment and wars they brought in. He takes complaints as relieving his sadness and brings the epoch with different names in his poems. Complaint has very important place in the poetry of Hafiz. In other words, he is a flag bearer of the art of complaint in his era and has no competitor in this field.The subject aims to focus on the complaining of cruelty, poverty, oppression and epoch in the poetry of Hafiz in order to clarify those complaints and to refer their reasons. The methodology followed in this study is descriptive.

Claims is a title for verses that including claims of sores and suffers of the poet. This inclination can be found generally in all of the verses.In the works of some premium Persian poets that make the structure of poem or affect the main portion of the poems.The importance of claims is mostly to present the social and other aspects of the time of the poetry, because more than reveating the undesireable conditions of thepoet.that would present the blessed society and his contradications with the governer and the public dependents would be presented.Vegharshirazi is one of the poets that has considered a condidelable portion of his poems for this matter.So we can find many social.political.economical and cultural aspects of his time.The matters of they survey is studing claims in the verse book of vegharshirazi.We have efforted that study the claims in the verse book of vegharshirazi and then by binding them amaly zing and interpreting the sorrines and sores of the poet.and so not only to become familiar whith his characters and behaviors.but also be familiarized whith the conditions of society in his period of time

The main goal of this essay is to reveal the Arabic literary tradition of a great Persian scholar named Sheikh – al – Rais Qajar, The grandson of Fath – Ali Shah Qajar.After completing his studies in various branches of Arabic literature including morphology, syntax and rhetorics, this prince wrote an Arabic ode under the title of " complaint " praising the Prophet – peace be upon him – then complaining to him of some of the then authoritie's rudness to himself. We have translated the